{"id":88146,"date":"2013-07-12T03:41:00","date_gmt":"2013-07-12T07:41:00","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.mereja.com\/amharic\/?guid=dd68998e13f515386695bd41d1f2941f"},"modified":"2013-07-12T03:41:00","modified_gmt":"2013-07-12T07:41:00","slug":"%e1%89%a0%e1%8c%ad%e1%89%86%e1%8a%93%e1%8a%93-%e1%89%a0%e1%89%a0%e1%8b%b0%e1%88%8d-%e1%8b%a8%e1%89%b0%e1%8d%88%e1%89%b0%e1%8a%90-%e1%8b%a8%e1%8d%8d%e1%89%b5%e1%88%85-%e1%8a%a5%e1%8a%93-%e1%8a%a5-3","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/mereja.net\/amharic\/88146","title":{"rendered":"\u1260\u132d\u1246\u1293\u1293 \u1260\u1260\u12f0\u120d \u12e8\u1270\u1348\u1270\u1290 \u12e8\u134d\u1275\u1205 \u12a5\u1293 \u12a5\u12a9\u120d\u1290\u1275 \u12a0\u1263\u1275 – \u12f6\/\u122d \u1262\u1202\u121d\u122b\u12ce \u122b\u121d\u1302 \u12a0\u121d\u1260\u12f5\u12a8\u122d (\u12ad\u134d\u120d \u136b)"},"content":{"rendered":"
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\u1260\u121b\u1293\u12ec \u1260\u120b\u12ed<\/div>\n
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     IV.       \u127b\u12c9 \u127b\u12c9 \u1202\u1295\u12f1\u12ed\u12dd\u121d<\/div>\n
    <\/ol>\n
    \u12a0\u121d\u1260\u12f5\u12a8\u122d \u1260\u1202\u1295\u12f1 \u12c9\u1235\u1325 \u1206\u1296 \u1210\u12ed\u121b\u1296\u1271\u1295 \u1208\u121b\u1235\u1270\u12ab\u12a8\u120d \u12eb\u12f0\u1228\u1308\u12c9 \u1325\u1228\u1275 \u134d\u122c \u12a0\u120d\u1263 \u12a8\u1206\u1290 \u1260\u128b\u120b \u12601935 \u1263\u12d8\u130b\u1300\u12c9 \u12ee\u120b \u12ae\u1295\u134d\u1228\u1295\u1235 \u120b\u12ed \u1202\u1295\u12f1 \u1206\u129c \u1265\u12c8\u1208\u12f5\u121d \u1202\u1295\u12f1 \u1206\u129c \u130d\u1295 \u12a0\u120d\u121e\u1275\u121d <\/i>\u1260\u121b\u1208\u1275 \u1260\u130d\u120d\u1345 \u12e8\u12a0\u12ed\u1290\u12ac \u12a0\u1263\u120b\u1275\u1295 \u12e8\u1202\u1295\u12f1 \u1210\u12ed\u121b\u1296\u1275\u1295 \u1275\u1270\u12c9 \u120c\u120b \u1210\u12ed\u121b\u1296\u1275 \u12a5\u1295\u12f2\u12ed\u12d9 \u1230\u1260\u12a8\u1361\u1361 \u12a5\u1295\u12f0 \u12a0\u1295\u1260\u122d\u12a8\u122d \u12a5\u12ed\u1273 \u1202\u1295\u12f1\u12ed\u12dd\u121d \u12a5\u12a9\u120d\u1290\u1275\u1364 \u134d\u1275\u1205 \u12a5\u1293 \u12c8\u1295\u12f5\u121b\u121b\u127d\u1290\u1275 \u12e8\u130e\u12f0\u1208\u12c9 \u1210\u12ed\u121b\u1296\u1275 \u1290\u12c9\u1361\u1361 \u1260\u12a5\u122d\u130d\u1325\u121d \u1275\u12ad\u12ad\u120d \u1290\u1260\u122d\u1361\u1361 \u12e8\u12a5\u121d\u1290\u1271 \u1270\u12a8\u1273\u12ee\u127d\u1295 \u1260\u12f0\u1228\u1303 \u12e8\u1230\u12f0\u1228\u1364 \u12a0\u1308\u120d\u130b\u12ed \u1270\u1308\u120d\u130b\u12ed\u1364 \u12a0\u12cb\u1242 \u12a0\u120b\u12cb\u1242\u1364 \u1246\u123b\u123b \u1295\u1341\u1285\u1364 \u12a5\u1293 \u120c\u120b\u121d \u120c\u120b\u121d \u1265\u120e \u1260\u12c9\u120d\u12f0\u1275 \u12e8\u121a\u12a8\u134b\u134d\u120d \u1210\u12ed\u121b\u1296\u1275 \u1202\u1295\u12f2 \u1265\u127b \u1232\u1206\u1295 \u12eb\u1208\u12c9\u121d \u1260\u1205\u1295\u12f5 \u1265\u127b \u1290\u12c9\u1361\u1361 \u1208\u1270\u12c8\u1230\u1291 \u12a0\u1218\u1273\u1275 \u12a0\u121d\u1260\u12f5\u12a8\u122d \u12e8\u12e8\u1275\u129b\u12c9 \u12a5\u121d\u1290\u1275 \u1270\u12a8\u1273\u12ed \u12a5\u1295\u12f0\u1206\u1290 \u130d\u120d\u133d \u12a0\u120d\u1290\u1260\u1228\u121d\u1361\u1361 \u12e8\u1270\u1208\u12eb\u12e9 \u1210\u12ed\u121b\u1296\u1275 \u1270\u12c8\u12ab\u12ee\u127d \u1240\u122d\u1260\u12c9 \u12eb\u1293\u130d\u1229\u1275 \u1290\u1260\u122d \u1260\u1218\u1328\u1228\u123b \u12a8\u1273\u122a\u12ab\u12ca\u1364 \u1200\u1308\u122b\u12ca \u134b\u12ed\u12f3\u12c9\u1293 \u12a8\u12a5\u121d\u1290\u1271 \u134d\u120d\u1235\u134d\u1293 \u1270\u1290\u1235\u1276 \u1261\u12f5\u1202\u12dd\u121d\u1295 \u1218\u122d\u1327\u120d\u1361\u1361<\/div>\n
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         V.        \u12a0\u121d\u1260\u12f5\u12a8\u122d \u12a5\u1293 \u12e8\u1356\u1208\u1272\u12ab \u1325\u12eb\u1244<\/div>\n
      <\/ol>\n
      \u12f6\/\u122d \u12a0\u121d\u1260\u12f5\u12a8\u122d \u12e8\u121b\u1285\u1260\u122b\u12ca \u12a5\u1293 \u1210\u12ed\u121b\u1296\u1273\u12ca \u1325\u12eb\u1244\u12c9 \u12e8\u1356\u1208\u1272\u12ab \u1235\u120d\u1323\u1295 \u12a8\u120c\u1208 \u12c9\u1324\u1273\u121b \u12a0\u12ed\u1206\u1295\u121d \u12e8\u121a\u120d \u12a5\u121d\u1290\u1275 \u12a0\u1208\u12c9\u1361\u1361 \u12a5\u1295\u12f0 \u12a0\u121d\u1260\u12f5\u12a8\u122d \u12a5\u121d\u1290\u1275 \u1290\u1343\u1290\u1275 \u12eb\u1208 \u121b\u1285\u1260\u122b\u12ca \u134d\u1275\u1205 \u134b\u12ed\u12f3 \u12e8\u120c\u1208\u12c9 \u12e8\u1328\u125b\u129d \u1245\u12eb\u122c \u1265\u127b \u1290\u12c9\u1361\u1361 \u12f6\/\u122d \u12a0\u121d\u1260\u12f5\u12a8\u122d \u12a8\u1205\u1295\u12f5 \u1290\u1343\u1290\u1275 \u1260\u134a\u1275 \u12a5\u1295\u130d\u120a\u12de\u127d\u1295 \u12a8\u12da\u12eb\u121d \u12e8\u1205\u1295\u12f5 \u1356\u1208\u1272\u12ab \u1232\u1235\u1270\u121d \u12e8\u1270\u1246\u1323\u1320\u1228\u12c9\u1295 \u12e8\u12ae\u1295\u130d\u1228\u1235 \u1353\u122d\u1272 \u12a5\u1293 \u12a5\u1295\u12f0 \u1218\u1295\u1348\u1233\u12ca \u12a0\u1263\u1273\u1278\u12c9 \u12e8\u121a\u12eb\u1218\u120d\u12a9\u1275 \u130b\u1295\u12f2 \u130b\u122d \u1260\u1270\u12f0\u130b\u130b\u121a \u1260\u1218\u130b\u1348\u1325 \u1208\u1239\u12f5\u122b \u1218\u1265\u1275 \u1232\u1273\u1308\u120d \u1246\u12ed\u1277\u120d\u1361\u1361 \u12e8\u12a0\u121d\u1260\u12f5\u12a8\u122d \u12e8\u1356\u1208\u1272\u12ab \u1275\u130d\u120d \u1260\u1309\u120d\u1205 \u12e8\u121a\u1300\u121d\u1228\u12c9 \u12a5\u1295\u130d\u120a\u12dd \u12e8\u12a0\u1260\u122d\u12a8\u122d\u1295 \u12e8\u1239\u12f5\u122b \u12a0\u1263\u120b\u1275 \u1218\u122a\u1290\u1275 \u121a\u1293 \u1270\u1240\u1265\u1208\u12c9 \u1208\u1295\u12f0\u1295 \u1260\u121a\u12a8\u1293\u12c8\u1290\u12c9 \u12e8\u1320\u1228\u1334\u12db \u12d9\u122d\u12eb \u12ae\u1290\u134d\u1228\u1295\u1235 \u1325\u122a \u1232\u12eb\u1240\u122d\u1261\u1208\u1275 \u1290\u12c9\u1361\u1361<\/div>\n
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      \u1260\u12da\u1205 \u1208\u1295\u12f0\u1295 \u120b\u12ed \u12601930\u12ce\u1279 \u1208\u1201\u1208\u1275 \u130a\u12dc \u1260\u1270\u12a8\u1293\u12c8\u1290\u12c9 \u12ae\u1295\u134d\u1228\u1295\u1235 \u12a0\u121d\u1260\u12f5\u12a8\u122d \u12e8\u12a0\u12ed\u1290\u12ac\u12ce\u127d\u1295 \u1325\u12eb\u1244 \u12a0\u1295\u130d\u1266 \u1260\u12a0\u1233\u121b\u129d \u12a0\u1295\u12f0\u1260\u1271 \u12ae\u1295\u130d\u1228\u1235 \u1353\u122d\u1272 \u1270\u12c8\u12ab\u12ed \u12e8\u1290\u1260\u1228\u12c9\u1295 \u130b\u1295\u12f2\u1295 \u1260\u12a5\u1295\u130d\u120a\u12de\u127d \u134a\u1275 \u1270\u12a8\u122b\u12ad\u122e \u12e8\u12c8\u1245\u1271 \u1320\/\u121a\u122d \u12e8\u1290\u1260\u1229\u1275 \u122b\u121d\u1234 \u121b\u12ad\u12f6\u1293\u120d\u12f5\u1295 \u1260\u121b\u1233\u1218\u1295 \u12a0\u12ed\u1290\u12ac\u12ce\u127d \u12a5\u1295\u12f0 \u1219\u1235\u120a\u121e\u127d \u12a5\u1293 \u12ad\u122d\u1235\u1272\u12eb\u1296\u127d \u12a8\u1202\u1295\u12f1 \u1270\u1290\u1325\u1208\u12c9 \u12e8\u1270\u1208\u12e8 \u12e8\u121d\u122d\u132b \u12a5\u1293 \u12c9\u12ad\u120d\u1293 \u12ed\u1230\u1323\u1278\u12c9 \u12d8\u1295\u12f5 \u1260\u12c8\u1245\u1271 \u12a8\u1245\u129d \u1308\u12e2\u12eb\u1278\u12c9 \u12a5\u1295\u130d\u120a\u12dd \u12c9\u1233\u1294\u1295 \u12a0\u1230\u1320\u1361\u1361  \u1260\u1218\u1300\u1218\u122a\u12eb\u12c9 \u12ae\u1295\u134d\u1228\u1295\u1235 \u121b\u1200\u1270\u1218 \u130b\u1295\u12f2 \u1263\u12ed\u1233\u1270\u134d\u121d \u1260\u1201\u1208\u1270\u129b\u12c9 \u1270\u1233\u1275\u134e \u12c9\u1324\u1273\u121b \u1208\u1218\u1206\u1295 \u12a0\u120d\u127b\u1208\u121d \u1290\u1260\u122d\u1361\u1361 \u12e8\u12a0\u121d\u1260\u12f5\u12a8\u122d \u12a5\u1293 \u130b\u1295\u12f2 \u130d\u132d\u1275 \u1260\u130d\u120d\u1345 \u12e8\u121a\u1300\u121d\u1228\u12c9 \u12a5\u12da\u1205 \u1290\u12c9\u1361\u1361 (\u12e8\u121a\u1240\u1325\u1208\u12c9\u1295 \u122d\u12d5\u1235 \u12ed\u1218\u120d\u12a8\u1271\u1361\u1361)<\/div>\n
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      \u12a0\u121d\u1260\u12f5\u12a8\u122d \u12601926 \u12e8\u1266\u121d\u1264 \u1205\u130d \u12a0\u12c9\u132d \u121d\u12ad\u122d \u1264\u1275 \u12a0\u1263\u120d \u1260\u1218\u1206\u1295\u1364 \u12601936 \u12e8\u120c\u1260\u122d \u1353\u122d\u1272 \u1260\u121b\u124b\u124b\u121d\u1364 \u12601942 \u12e8\u1239\u12f5\u122b \u12ab\u1235\u1275 \u134c\u12f4\u122c\u123d\u1295 \u1260\u121b\u124b\u124b\u121d \u1260\u12a0\u1320\u1243\u120b\u12ed \u1205\u12ed\u12c8\u1271 \u12a5\u1235\u12ab\u1208\u1348\u1260\u1275 1956 \u12f5\u1228\u1235 \u1219\u1209 \u130a\u12dc\u12c9\u1295 \u1208\u1239\u12f5\u122b \u12ab\u1235\u1275 \u12a0\u1263\u120b\u1275 \u1295\u1243\u1270 \u1205\u120a\u1293\u1364 \u121b\u1285\u1260\u122b\u12ca \u12a5\u1293 \u1356\u1208\u1272\u12ab\u12ca \u12c9\u12ad\u120d\u1293 \u12a5\u1295\u12f2\u1201\u121d \u12ab\u1235\u1275 \u1235\u122d\u12d3\u1275\u1295 \u1208\u121b\u1235\u12c8\u1308\u12f5 \u1260\u1219\u1209 \u12a0\u1245\u1219 \u12a8\u1218\u1235\u122b\u1271 \u1263\u123b\u1308\u122d \u1260\u12a5\u1231 \u12d8\u1218\u1295 \u12ab\u1218\u1323\u1278\u12c9 \u12c9\u1324\u1276\u127d \u1260\u1270\u1328\u121b\u122a \u12a8\u12a5\u122d\u1231 \u1260\u128b\u120b \u1208\u1270\u1348\u1320\u1229\u1275 \u12e8\u1239\u12f5\u122b \u1218\u1290\u1233\u1233\u1275 \u12a0\u122d\u12d3\u12eb \u1290\u1260\u122d\u1361\u1361<\/div>\n
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      \u12a0\u121d\u1260\u12f5\u12a8\u122d \u12ed\u1273\u1308\u120d \u12e8\u1290\u1260\u1228\u12c9 \u1275\u121d\u1205\u122d\u1275 \u1208\u1270\u1290\u1348\u130b\u1278\u12c9\u1364 \u1260\u12a0\u1309\u120d \u1210\u12ed\u121b\u1296\u1275 \u12a5\u1293 \u1263\u1205\u120d \u1270\u1320\u134d\u1295\u1308\u12c9 \u1208\u121a\u1296\u1229 \u12a0\u1265\u12db\u129e\u127d \u12e8\u1205\u1295\u12f5 \u12dc\u130e\u127d \u1232\u1206\u1295 \u12a8\u12da\u1205 \u130b\u122d \u1270\u12eb\u12ed\u12de \u1260\u1260\u120b\u12ed \u12ab\u1235\u1275 \u1202\u1295\u12f1 \u1260\u12e8\u12c8\u1245\u1271 \u12e8\u121a\u1348\u1320\u122d\u1260\u1275\u1295 \u12a8\u121b\u1285\u1260\u1228\u1230\u1261 \u12e8\u1218\u1290\u1320\u120d \u12f5\u122d\u130a\u1276\u127d \u1218\u124b\u124b\u121e \u12e8\u1275\u130d\u1209 \u12cb\u1295\u129b \u12a0\u12ab\u120d \u1290\u1260\u122d\u1361\u1361 \u1208\u12da\u1205\u121d \u1290\u12c9 \u12a8\u1290\u1343\u1290\u1275 \u1260\u128b\u120b \u1260\u121d\u122d\u132b \u1270\u12c8\u12f3\u12f5\u122e \u12eb\u120d\u1270\u1218\u1228\u1320\u12c9\u1361\u1361 \u12a8\u12da\u12eb \u1240\u12f0\u121d \u1265\u120e \u12e8\u120e\u12ad \u1233\u1265\u1200 (\u12e8\u1205\u1295\u12f5 \u1205\u12dd\u1265 \u1270\u12c8\u12ab\u12ee\u127d \u121d\u12ad\u122d \u1264\u1275) \u12a5\u1295\u12f2\u1201\u121d \u1260\u121d\u122d\u132b \u1260\u1270\u1238 \u1290\u1348\u1260\u1275 \u12c8\u1245\u1275 \u1266\u121d\u1264\u1295 \u12c8\u12ad\u120e \u12e8\u122b\u1303 \u1233\u1265\u1200 (\u12e8\u12ad\u120d\u120e\u127d \u1270\u12c8\u12ab\u12ed \u121d\/\u1264\u1275) \u12a0\u1263\u120d \u1290\u1260\u122d\u1361\u1361<\/div>\n
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         VI.        \u12a0\u1235\u1270\u12cb\u1345\u12a6<\/div>\n
        <\/ol>\n
        <\/div>\n
        \u12f6\/\u122d \u12a0\u121d\u1260\u12f5\u12a8\u122d \u121b\u1285\u1260\u122b\u12ca \u134d\u1275\u1205 \u12a8\u1356\u1208\u1272\u12ab \u1208\u12c9\u1325 \u1218\u1245\u12f0\u121d \u12a0\u1208\u1260\u1275 \u12e8\u1200\u1308\u122d \u1290\u1343\u1290\u1275\u1295 \u12a8\u1205\u12dd\u1265 \u1290\u1343\u1290\u1275 \u1218\u1208\u12e8\u1275 \u12e8\u1208\u1265\u1295\u121d \u1201\u1209\u121d \u1260\u1200\u1308\u122a\u1277 \u12e8\u121a\u1308\u129d \u1261\u12f5\u1295 \u12a5\u12a9\u120d \u12e8\u1356\u1208\u1272\u12ab \u12c9\u12ad\u120d\u1293 \u120a\u1296\u1228\u12c9 \u12ed\u1308\u1263\u120d \u12e8\u1270\u1328\u1246\u1290 \u12a5\u12a9\u120d \u12a5\u1235\u12aa\u1206\u1295 \u12f5\u1228\u1235 \u12e8\u1270\u1208\u12e8 \u12c9\u12ad\u120d\u1293 \u1270\u1320\u1243\u121a \u120a\u1206\u1295\u121d \u12ed\u1308\u1263\u120d \u12e8\u121a\u1208\u12c9 \u12a5\u1233\u1264\u12c9 \u12a0\u1201\u1295 \u1205\u1295\u12f5 \u1208\u121d\u1275\u12a8\u1270\u1208\u12c9 \u12e8\u12c9\u12ad\u120d\u1293 \u1235\u122d\u12d3\u1275 \u1218\u1290\u123b \u1290\u12c9\u1361\u1361 \u1328\u125b\u129d\u1295 \u1260\u1218\u1208\u1218\u1295\u1364 \u122d\u1205\u122b\u1214 \u1260\u1218\u1320\u12e8\u1245 \u12a5\u1293 \u127d\u122e\u1273 \u120b\u12ed \u1260\u1218\u1295\u1270\u122b\u1235 \u12e8\u121a\u1308\u129d \u134d\u1275\u1205 \u12a0\u1208\u1218\u1296\u1229\u121d \u12ed\u120d\u1241\u1295\u1235 \u122b\u1235\u1295 \u1260\u121b\u1233\u12f0\u130d\u1364 \u1208\u122b\u1235 \u12ad\u1265\u122d \u1260\u1218\u1235\u1320\u1275\u1364 \u1246\u122b\u1325 \u1260\u1206\u1290 \u1230\u120b\u121b\u12ca \u1275\u130d\u120d \u12a5\u1295\u1302 \u1218\u1265\u1275\u1205\u1295 \u12a8\u1240\u121b\u1205 \u1230\u12c9 \u12c8\u12ed\u121d \u1261\u12f5\u1295 \u127d\u122e\u1273\u1295 \u1260\u1218\u1208\u1218\u1295 \u12e8\u121a\u1218\u1323 \u134d\u1275\u1205 \u12e8\u1208\u121d \u12e8\u121a\u1208\u12c9 \u12a5\u1233\u1264\u12c9\u121d \u12a8\u1231 \u1260\u128b\u120b \u1208\u1270\u12f0\u1228\u1309 \u12e8\u134d\u1275\u1205 \u1325\u12eb\u1244\u12ce\u127d \u1218\u1290\u123b \u1290\u12c9\u1361\u1361<\/div>\n
        <\/div>\n
        \u12a0\u121d\u1260\u12f5\u12a8\u122d \u1205\u12ed\u12c8\u1275 \u1208\u1270\u1290\u1348\u1309 \u1205\u12ed\u12c8\u1275 \u12e8\u1230\u1320\u1364 \u12f5\u121d\u1345 \u1208\u120c\u120b\u1278\u12c9 \u12e8\u132e\u12be \u12e8\u1239\u12f5\u122b\u12ce\u127d \u1218\u122a \u1290\u12c9\u1361\u1361 \u12a8\u12a0\u121d\u1260\u12f5\u12a8\u122d \u1260\u134a\u1275 \u12e8\u1270\u1238\u1290\u1349\u1363 \u12e8\u1270\u1328\u1246\u1291\u1293 \u12e8\u1270\u1228\u1231 \u12a0\u1308\u120d\u130b\u12ed\u1290\u1273\u1278\u12c9\u1295 \u12a0\u121d\u1290\u12c9 \u12ed\u1296\u1229 \u12e8\u1290\u1260\u1229 \u12a0\u12ed\u1290\u12ac\u12ce\u127d \u1260\u12f0\u120d \u1260\u1323\u121d \u1232\u1260\u12db\u1263\u1278\u12c9 \u201cKabira kahe ye jag andha\u201d (\u121b\u12e8\u1275 \u12e8\u1270\u1233\u1293\u1275 \u12a0\u1208\u121d) \u1265\u1208\u12c9 \u12a8\u121b\u1295\u130e\u122b\u130e\u122d \u12eb\u1208\u1348 \u1218\u1265\u1273\u1278\u12c9\u1295 \u1208\u1218\u1320\u12e8\u1245 \u12a0\u1245\u121d\u121d \u12ed\u1201\u1295 \u134d\u120b\u130e\u1275 \u12eb\u120d\u1290\u1260\u122b\u1278\u12c9 \u1239\u12f5\u122b\u12ce\u127d \u12a8\u12a0\u121d\u1260\u12f5\u12a8\u122d \u1260\u128b\u120b \u12e8\u134d\u1275\u1205 \u12a5\u1293 \u12a5\u12a9\u120d\u1290\u1275 \u1325\u12eb\u1244 \u12a0\u1295\u130d\u1260\u12c9 \u12e8\u121a\u1273\u1308\u1209 \u1300\u130d\u1296\u127d \u1206\u1290\u12cb\u120d\u1361\u1361 \u1208\u12da\u1205\u121d \u1320\u134d\u1295\u130e \u12e8\u12eb\u12db\u1278\u12c9\u1295 \u12e8\u1202\u1295\u12f1 \u1210\u12ed\u121b\u1296\u1275 \u1325\u1208\u12c9 \u12c8\u12f0 \u120c\u120b \u12ed\u1204\u12f1 \u12d8\u1295\u12f5 \u12a0\u121d\u1260\u12f5\u12a8\u122d \u12eb\u12f0\u1228\u1308\u12c9 \u1210\u12ed\u121b\u1296\u1273\u12ca \u1275\u130d\u120d \u12a5\u1305\u1309\u1295 \u12e8\u121a\u12f0\u1290\u1245 \u1290\u1260\u122d\u1361\u1361<\/div>\n
        <\/div>\n
        \u12a8\u1205\u1295\u12f5 \u1290\u1343\u1290\u1275 \u121b\u130d\u1235\u1275 \u12e8\u1205\u1295\u12f5 \u12c9\u1235\u1265\u1235\u1265 \u121b\u1285\u1260\u1228\u1230\u1265 \u12e8\u121a\u12c8\u12ad\u120d \u1215\u1308 \u1218\u1295\u130d\u1235\u1275 \u12a0\u122d\u1243\u1242 \u1260\u1263\u1275\u122a \u12ae\u1295\u130d\u1228\u1235 \u1353\u122d\u1272 \u1260\u121a\u1348\u120d\u130d\u1260\u1275 \u12601946 \u12e8\u1205\u1295\u12f5\u1295 \u121b\u1205\u1260\u1228\u1230\u1265\u1295 \u1260\u1270\u123b\u1208 \u12e8\u121a\u12eb\u12c9\u1240\u12c9 \u121d\u1201\u122d \u1263\u1208\u1218\u1308\u1298\u1271 \u121d\u1295\u121d \u12a5\u1295\u12b3\u1295 \u134d\u120d\u1235\u134d\u1293\u12c9\u1293 \u1325\u12eb\u1244\u12c9 \u12a8\u1200\u1308\u122d \u12a0\u1295\u12f5\u1290\u1275 \u1218\u123b\u1275 \u1260\u1240\u122d \u12a8\u12ae\u1295\u130d\u1228\u1235\u121d \u12ed\u1201\u1295 \u12a0\u12ed\u12a8\u1293\u1278\u12c9 \u12a8\u1206\u1290\u12c9 \u130b\u1295\u12f2 \u130b\u122d \u1263\u12ed\u1323\u1323\u121d\u121d \u12a0\u121d\u1260\u12f5\u12a8\u122d\u1295 \u1208\u12da\u1205 \u1235\u122b \u12a8\u121b\u1328\u1275 \u12c9\u132d \u12a0\u121b\u122b\u132d \u12a0\u120d\u1290\u1260\u122b\u1278\u12c9\u121d\u1361\u1361 \u12f6\/\u122d \u12a0\u121d\u1260\u12f5\u12a8\u122d \u12a8\u12ae\u1295\u130d\u1228\u1235 \u1353\u122d\u1272 \u1215\u1308 \u1218\u1295\u130d\u1235\u1275 \u12a5\u1295\u12f2\u12eb\u1228\u1245 \u12e8\u1240\u1228\u1260\u1208\u1275\u1295 \u1325\u12eb\u1244 \u1270\u1240\u1265\u120e \u1219\u1209 \u130a\u12dc\u12c9\u1295 \u1260\u1218\u1235\u1320\u1275 \u12a5\u1235\u12ab\u1201\u1295 \u12e8\u121a\u1308\u1208\u1308\u1209\u1260\u1275\u1295 \u12a5\u1293 \u12601950 \u12e8\u1340\u12f0\u1240\u12c9\u1295 \u12e8\u1205\u1295\u12f5 \u1215\u1308 \u1218\u1295\u130d\u1235\u1275 \u12eb\u1228\u1240\u1240 \u1273\u120b\u1245 \u1230\u12c9 \u1290\u12c9\u1361\u1361 \u1208\u12a0\u12ed\u1290\u12ac\u12ce\u127d \u12a5\u12a9\u120d\u1290\u1275 \u1215\u1308 \u1218\u1295\u130d\u1235\u1273\u12ca \u12a5\u1295\u12f2\u1206\u1295 \u12a8\u121b\u12f5\u1228\u1309 \u1263\u123b\u1308\u122d \u12e8\u1270\u1208\u12e8 \u12e8\u122a\u1230\u122d\u126c\u123d\u1295 \u1235\u122d\u12d3\u1275 \u12a5\u1295\u12f2\u1296\u122d \u1260\u121b\u12f5\u1228\u130d \u12a5\u1235\u12ab\u1201\u1295 \u1232\u1218\u1230\u1308\u1295 \u12ed\u1296\u122b\u120d\u1361\u1361<\/div>\n
        \u12f6\/\u122d \u12a0\u121d\u1260\u12f5\u12a8\u122d \u12a8\u1290\u1343\u1290\u1275 \u1260\u128b\u120b \u12e8\u1205\u1295\u12f5 \u12e8\u1218\u1300\u1218\u122a\u12eb\u12c9 \u12e8\u1215\u130d \u121a\u1292\u1235\u1274\u122d \u1206\u1296 \u12a0\u1308\u120d\u130d\u120f\u120d\u1361\u1361 \u12a0\u121d\u1260\u12f5\u12a8\u122d \u12a0\u122d\u1245\u1246\u1275 \u12e8\u1290\u1260\u1228\u12c9\u1295 \u12e8\u1202\u1295\u12f1 \u12ae\u12f5 \u1262\u120d \u12e8\u12ae\u1295\u130d\u1228\u1235 \u1353\u122d\u1272 \u1263\u1208\u1218\u1240\u1260\u1209\u1293 \u12a0\u1293\u1340\u12f5\u1245\u121d \u1260\u121b\u1208\u1273\u1278\u12c9 \u12601951 \u1260\u134d\u1243\u12f1 \u1235\u122b\u12c9\u1295 \u1208\u1240\u1240\u1361\u1361<\/div>\n
        <\/div>\n
        \u12a0\u121d\u1260\u12f5\u12a8\u122d \u1208\u1239\u12f5\u122b \u1295\u1243\u1270 \u1205\u120a\u1293 \u121b\u12f0\u130d \u12e8\u1218\u1230\u1228\u1270\u12c9 People Educational Society \u1260\u12a0\u1201\u1295 \u1230\u12d3\u1275 \u1260\u1218\u120b\u12c9 \u1200\u1308\u122a\u1271 \u12a8\u1218\u1300\u1218\u122a\u12eb \u12f0\u1228\u1303 \u12a5\u1235\u12a8 \u12e9\u1292\u1268\u122d\u1232\u1272\u12ce\u127d \u1260\u1218\u12ad\u1348\u1275 \u1260\u121b\u1308\u120d\u1308\u120d \u120b\u12ed \u12ed\u1308\u129b\u120d\u1361\u1361 \u12a8\u12da\u1205 \u1263\u123b\u1308\u122d \u12e8\u1270\u1208\u12eb\u12e9 \u1218\u133d\u1214\u1276\u127d\u1295 \u1260\u121b\u12d8\u130b\u1300\u1275 \u1208\u1239\u12f5\u122b \u1295\u1243\u1275 \u1275\u120d\u1245 \u12a0\u1235\u1270\u12cb\u1345\u12a6 \u12a0\u12f5\u122d\u1313\u120d\u1361\u1361 \u12e8\u12ab\u1235\u1275 \u1235\u122d\u12a0\u1275 \u12e8\u121b\u12eb\u12c9\u1245 \u1260\u12a5\u12a9\u120d\u1290\u1275 \u134d\u1275\u1205 \u12a5\u1293 \u12c8\u1295\u12f5\u121b\u121b\u127d\u1290\u1275 \u12e8\u121a\u12eb\u121d\u1290\u12c9 \u1261\u12f5\u1202\u12dd\u121d \u1260\u1205\u1295\u12f5 \u12a5\u1295\u12f2\u1235\u134b\u134b\u1293 \u1239\u12f5\u122b \u12a8\u1270\u132b\u1290\u1263\u1278\u12c9 \u1210\u12ed\u121b\u1296\u1273\u12ca \u1240\u1295\u1260\u122d \u12a5\u1295\u12f2\u120b\u1240\u1241 \u12a5\u1293 \u12a5\u1295\u12f2\u1290\u1241 \u12a0\u12f5\u122d\u1313\u120d\u1361\u1361<\/div>\n
        <\/div>\n
        \u12f6\/\u122d \u12a0\u121d\u1260\u12f5\u12a8\u122d \u12eb\u1208\u12c9\u1295 \u12e8\u121a\u1348\u1345\u121d \u12e8\u1270\u130d\u1263\u122d \u1230\u12c9 \u12a8\u1218\u1206\u1291 \u1263\u123b\u1308\u122d \u1260\u12a0\u1320\u1243\u120b\u12ed \u1208\u121b\u1205\u1260\u1228\u1230\u1261 \u12a820 \u1260\u120b\u12ed \u1218\u133b\u1215\u134d\u1275\u1295 \u133d\u134e \u12eb\u1260\u1228\u12a8\u1270 \u1273\u120b\u1245 \u1230\u12c9 \u1290\u12c9\u1361\u1361 \u12a8\u134a\u120e\u1279\u1295 \u1208\u121b\u12e8\u1275 \u12eb\u12ad\u120d\u1361- The problem of Rupee, Annihilation of Caste, Thought on Pakistan, Who were the Shudras?, Ancient Indian Commerce, Buddha and his Dharma, Essay on Untouchables, what congress and Gandhi have done to untouchables \u12a5\u1293 \u120c\u120e\u127d\u121d\u1361\u1361<\/div>\n
        <\/div>\n
        —<\/div>\n
        \u12ed\u1240\u1325\u120b\u120d\u1361\u1361<\/div>\n
        — <\/div>\n
        \u1338\u1210\u134a\u12cd\u1295 \u1208\u121b\u130d\u1298\u1275 bemanishe@gmail.com \u120b\u12ed \u12ed\u133b\u1349\u120b\u1278\u12cd\u1361\u1361<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
        \n
        በማናዬ በላይ<\/div>\n
        <\/div>\n
        <\/div>\n
             IV.       ቻዉ ቻዉ ሂንዱይዝም<\/div>\n
          <\/ol>\n
          አምበድከር በሂንዱ ዉስጥ ሆኖ ሐይማኖቱን ለማስተካከል ያደረገዉ ጥረት ፍሬ አልባ ከሆነ በኋላ በ1935 ባዘጋጀዉ ዮላ ኮንፍረንስ ላይ ሂንዱ ሆኜ ብወለድም ሂንዱ ሆኜ ግን አልሞትም <\/i>በማለት በግልፅ የአይነኬ አባላትን የሂንዱ ሐይማኖትን ትተዉ ሌላ ሐይማኖት እንዲይዙ ሰበከ፡፡ እንደ አንበርከር እይታ ሂንዱይዝም እኩልነት፤ ፍትህ እና ወንድማማችነት የጎደለዉ ሐይማኖት ነዉ፡፡ በእርግጥም ትክክል ነበር፡፡ የእምነቱ ተከታዮችን በደረጃ የሰደረ፤ አገልጋይ ተገልጋይ፤ አዋቂ አላዋቂ፤ ቆሻሻ ንፁኅ፤ እና ሌላም ሌላም ብሎ በዉልደት የሚከፋፍል ሐይማኖት ሂንዲ ብቻ ሲሆን ያለዉም በህንድ ብቻ ነዉ፡፡ ለተወሰኑ አመታት አምበድከር የየትኛዉ እምነት ተከታይ እንደሆነ ግልጽ አልነበረም፡፡ የተለያዩ ሐይማኖት ተወካዮች ቀርበዉ ያናግሩት ነበር በመጨረሻ ከታሪካዊ፤ ሀገራዊ ፋይዳዉና ከእምነቱ ፍልስፍና ተነስቶ ቡድሂዝምን መርጧል፡፡<\/div>\n
          <\/div>\n
               V.        አምበድከር እና የፖለቲካ ጥያቄ<\/div>\n
            <\/ol>\n
            ዶ\/ር አምበድከር የማኅበራዊ እና ሐይማኖታዊ ጥያቄዉ የፖለቲካ ስልጣን ከሌለ ዉጤታማ አይሆንም የሚል እምነት አለዉ፡፡ እንደ አምበድከር እምነት ነፃነት ያለ ማኅበራዊ ፍትህ ፋይዳ የሌለዉ የጨቛኝ ቅያሬ ብቻ ነዉ፡፡ ዶ\/ር አምበድከር ከህንድ ነፃነት በፊት እንግሊዞችን ከዚያም የህንድ ፖለቲካ ሲስተም የተቆጣጠረዉን የኮንግረስ ፓርቲ እና እንደ መንፈሳዊ አባታቸዉ የሚያመልኩት ጋንዲ ጋር በተደጋጋሚ በመጋፈጥ ለሹድራ መብት ሲታገል ቆይቷል፡፡ የአምበድከር የፖለቲካ ትግል በጉልህ የሚጀምረዉ እንግሊዝ የአበርከርን የሹድራ አባላት መሪነት ሚና ተቀብለዉ ለንደን በሚከናወነዉ የጠረጴዛ ዙርያ ኮነፍረንስ ጥሪ ሲያቀርቡለት ነዉ፡፡<\/div>\n
            <\/div>\n
            <\/a><\/div>\n
            በዚህ ለንደን ላይ በ1930ዎቹ ለሁለት ጊዜ በተከናወነዉ ኮንፍረንስ አምበድከር የአይነኬዎችን ጥያቄ አንግቦ በአሳማኝ አንደበቱ ኮንግረስ ፓርቲ ተወካይ የነበረዉን ጋንዲን በእንግሊዞች ፊት ተከራክሮ የወቅቱ ጠ\/ሚር የነበሩት ራምሴ ማክዶናልድን በማሳመን አይነኬዎች እንደ ሙስሊሞች እና ክርስቲያኖች ከሂንዱ ተነጥለዉ የተለየ የምርጫ እና ዉክልና ይሰጣቸዉ ዘንድ በወቅቱ ከቅኝ ገዢያቸዉ እንግሊዝ ዉሳኔን አሰጠ፡፡  በመጀመሪያዉ ኮንፍረንስ ማሀተመ ጋንዲ ባይሳተፍም በሁለተኛዉ ተሳትፎ ዉጤታማ ለመሆን አልቻለም ነበር፡፡ የአምበድከር እና ጋንዲ ግጭት በግልፅ የሚጀምረዉ እዚህ ነዉ፡፡ (የሚቀጥለዉን ርዕስ ይመልከቱ፡፡)<\/div>\n
            <\/div>\n
            አምበድከር በ1926 የቦምቤ ህግ አዉጭ ምክር ቤት አባል በመሆን፤ በ1936 የሌበር ፓርቲ በማቋቋም፤ በ1942 የሹድራ ካስት ፌዴሬሽን በማቋቋም በአጠቃላይ ህይወቱ እስካለፈበት 1956 ድረስ ሙሉ ጊዜዉን ለሹድራ ካስት አባላት ንቃተ ህሊና፤ ማኅበራዊ እና ፖለቲካዊ ዉክልና እንዲሁም ካስት ስርዓትን ለማስወገድ በሙሉ አቅሙ ከመስራቱ ባሻገር በእሱ ዘመን ካመጣቸዉ ዉጤቶች በተጨማሪ ከእርሱ በኋላ ለተፈጠሩት የሹድራ መነሳሳት አርዓያ ነበር፡፡<\/div>\n
            <\/div>\n
            አምበድከር ይታገል የነበረዉ ትምህርት ለተነፈጋቸዉ፤ በአጉል ሐይማኖት እና ባህል ተጠፍንገዉ ለሚኖሩ አብዛኞች የህንድ ዜጎች ሲሆን ከዚህ ጋር ተያይዞ በበላይ ካስት ሂንዱ በየወቅቱ የሚፈጠርበትን ከማኅበረሰቡ የመነጠል ድርጊቶች መቋቋሞ የትግሉ ዋንኛ አካል ነበር፡፡ ለዚህም ነዉ ከነፃነት በኋላ በምርጫ ተወዳድሮ ያልተመረጠዉ፡፡ ከዚያ ቀደም ብሎ የሎክ ሳብሀ (የህንድ ህዝብ ተወካዮች ምክር ቤት) እንዲሁም በምርጫ በተሸ ነፈበት ወቅት ቦምቤን ወክሎ የራጃ ሳብሀ (የክልሎች ተወካይ ም\/ቤት) አባል ነበር፡፡<\/div>\n
            <\/div>\n
            <\/div>\n
               VI.        አስተዋፅኦ<\/div>\n
              <\/ol>\n
              <\/div>\n
              ዶ\/ር አምበድከር ማኅበራዊ ፍትህ ከፖለቲካ ለዉጥ መቅደም አለበት የሀገር ነፃነትን ከህዝብ ነፃነት መለየት የለብንም ሁሉም በሀገሪቷ የሚገኝ ቡድን እኩል የፖለቲካ ዉክልና ሊኖረዉ ይገባል የተጨቆነ እኩል እስኪሆን ድረስ የተለየ ዉክልና ተጠቃሚ ሊሆንም ይገባል የሚለዉ እሳቤዉ አሁን ህንድ ለምትከተለዉ የዉክልና ስርዓት መነሻ ነዉ፡፡ ጨቛኝን በመለመን፤ ርህራሔ በመጠየቅ እና ችሮታ ላይ በመንተራስ የሚገኝ ፍትህ አለመኖሩም ይልቁንስ ራስን በማሳደግ፤ ለራስ ክብር በመስጠት፤ ቆራጥ በሆነ ሰላማዊ ትግል እንጂ መብትህን ከቀማህ ሰዉ ወይም ቡድን ችሮታን በመለመን የሚመጣ ፍትህ የለም የሚለዉ እሳቤዉም ከሱ በኋላ ለተደረጉ የፍትህ ጥያቄዎች መነሻ ነዉ፡፡<\/div>\n
              <\/div>\n
              አምበድከር ህይወት ለተነፈጉ ህይወት የሰጠ፤ ድምፅ ለሌላቸዉ የጮኾ የሹድራዎች መሪ ነዉ፡፡ ከአምበድከር በፊት የተሸነፉ፣ የተጨቆኑና የተረሱ አገልጋይነታቸዉን አምነዉ ይኖሩ የነበሩ አይነኬዎች በደል በጣም ሲበዛባቸዉ “Kabira kahe ye jag andha” (ማየት የተሳናት አለም) ብለዉ ከማንጎራጎር ያለፈ መብታቸዉን ለመጠየቅ አቅምም ይሁን ፍላጎት ያልነበራቸዉ ሹድራዎች ከአምበድከር በኋላ የፍትህ እና እኩልነት ጥያቄ አንግበዉ የሚታገሉ ጀግኖች ሆነዋል፡፡ ለዚህም ጠፍንጎ የያዛቸዉን የሂንዱ ሐይማኖት ጥለዉ ወደ ሌላ ይሄዱ ዘንድ አምበድከር ያደረገዉ ሐይማኖታዊ ትግል እጅጉን የሚደነቅ ነበር፡፡<\/div>\n
              <\/div>\n
              ከህንድ ነፃነት ማግስት የህንድ ዉስብስብ ማኅበረሰብ የሚወክል ሕገ መንግስት አርቃቂ በባትሪ ኮንግረስ ፓርቲ በሚፈልግበት በ1946 የህንድን ማህበረሰብን በተሻለ የሚያዉቀዉ ምሁር ባለመገኘቱ ምንም እንኳን ፍልስፍናዉና ጥያቄዉ ከሀገር አንድነት መሻት በቀር ከኮንግረስም ይሁን አይከናቸዉ ከሆነዉ ጋንዲ ጋር ባይጣጣምም አምበድከርን ለዚህ ስራ ከማጨት ዉጭ አማራጭ አልነበራቸዉም፡፡ ዶ\/ር አምበድከር ከኮንግረስ ፓርቲ ሕገ መንግስት እንዲያረቅ የቀረበለትን ጥያቄ ተቀብሎ ሙሉ ጊዜዉን በመስጠት እስካሁን የሚገለገሉበትን እና በ1950 የፀደቀዉን የህንድ ሕገ መንግስት ያረቀቀ ታላቅ ሰዉ ነዉ፡፡ ለአይነኬዎች እኩልነት ሕገ መንግስታዊ እንዲሆን ከማድረጉ ባሻገር የተለየ የሪሰርቬሽን ስርዓት እንዲኖር በማድረግ እስካሁን ሲመሰገን ይኖራል፡፡<\/div>\n
              ዶ\/ር አምበድከር ከነፃነት በኋላ የህንድ የመጀመሪያዉ የሕግ ሚኒስቴር ሆኖ አገልግሏል፡፡ አምበድከር አርቅቆት የነበረዉን የሂንዱ ኮድ ቢል የኮንግረስ ፓርቲ ባለመቀበሉና አናፀድቅም በማለታቸዉ በ1951 በፍቃዱ ስራዉን ለቀቀ፡፡<\/div>\n
              <\/div>\n
              አምበድከር ለሹድራ ንቃተ ህሊና ማደግ የመሰረተዉ People Educational Society በአሁን ሰዓት በመላዉ ሀገሪቱ ከመጀመሪያ ደረጃ እስከ ዩኒቨርሲቲዎች በመክፈት በማገልገል ላይ ይገኛል፡፡ ከዚህ ባሻገር የተለያዩ መጽሔቶችን በማዘጋጀት ለሹድራ ንቃት ትልቅ አስተዋፅኦ አድርጓል፡፡ የካስት ስርአት የማያዉቅ በእኩልነት ፍትህ እና ወንድማማችነት የሚያምነዉ ቡድሂዝም በህንድ እንዲስፋፋና ሹድራ ከተጫነባቸዉ ሐይማኖታዊ ቀንበር እንዲላቀቁ እና እንዲነቁ አድርጓል፡፡<\/div>\n
              <\/div>\n
              ዶ\/ር አምበድከር ያለዉን የሚፈፅም የተግባር ሰዉ ከመሆኑ ባሻገር በአጠቃላይ ለማህበረሰቡ ከ20 በላይ መጻሕፍትን ጽፎ ያበረከተ ታላቅ ሰዉ ነዉ፡፡ ከፊሎቹን ለማየት ያክል፡- The problem of Rupee, Annihilation of Caste, Thought on Pakistan, Who were the Shudras?, Ancient Indian Commerce, Buddha and his Dharma, Essay on Untouchables, what congress and Gandhi have done to untouchables እና ሌሎችም፡፡<\/div>\n
              <\/div>\n
              —<\/div>\n
              ይቀጥላል፡፡<\/div>\n
              — <\/div>\n
              ጸሐፊውን ለማግኘት bemanishe@gmail.com ላይ ይጻፉላቸው፡፡<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
              Read more ›<\/a><\/div>\n

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