{"id":87571,"date":"2013-07-04T02:02:00","date_gmt":"2013-07-04T06:02:00","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.mereja.com\/amharic\/?guid=2e7a5ef309e9a00659e03e4de6a3e05b"},"modified":"2013-07-04T02:02:00","modified_gmt":"2013-07-04T06:02:00","slug":"%e1%89%a0%e1%8c%ad%e1%89%86%e1%8a%93%e1%8a%93-%e1%89%a0%e1%89%a0%e1%8b%b0%e1%88%8d-%e1%8b%a8%e1%89%b0%e1%8d%88%e1%89%b0%e1%8a%90-%e1%8b%a8%e1%8d%8d%e1%89%b5%e1%88%85-%e1%8a%a5%e1%8a%93-%e1%8a%a5-2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/mereja.net\/amharic\/87571","title":{"rendered":"\u1260\u132d\u1246\u1293\u1293 \u1260\u1260\u12f0\u120d \u12e8\u1270\u1348\u1270\u1290 \u12e8\u134d\u1275\u1205 \u12a5\u1293 \u12a5\u12a9\u120d\u1290\u1275 \u12a0\u1263\u1275 – \u12f6\/\u122d \u1262\u1202\u121d\u122b\u12ce \u122b\u121d\u1302 \u12a0\u121d\u1260\u12f5\u12a8\u122d (\u12ad\u134d\u120d \u136a)"},"content":{"rendered":"

<\/span>\u1260\u121b\u1293\u12ec \u1260\u120b\u12ed<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n
II.        \u1260\u12a5\u1233\u1275 \u12e8\u1270\u1348\u1270\u1290 \u1265\u1228\u1275 – \u12f6\/\u122d \u1262\u1202\u121d\u122b\u12ce \u122b\u121d\u1302 \u12a0\u121d\u1260\u12f5\u12a8\u122d<\/div>\n
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III.        \u12e8\u12a0\u121d\u1260\u12f5\u12a8\u122d \u121b\u1205\u1260\u122b\u12ca \u12a5\u1293 \u1210\u12ed\u121b\u1296\u1273\u12ca \u1325\u12eb\u1244<\/div>\n
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\u12a0\u121d\u1260\u12f5\u12a8\u122d \u12a8\u1208\u1295\u12f0\u1295 \u1218\u120d\u1235 \u12e8\u1218\u1300\u1218\u122a\u12eb \u1275\u130d\u1209 \u12e8\u121b\u1285\u1260\u122b\u12ca \u12a5\u1293 \u1210\u12ed\u121b\u1296\u1273\u12ca \u12a5\u12a9\u120d\u1290\u1275\u1295 \u1208\u121b\u1235\u1348\u1295 \u1290\u1260\u122d\u1361\u1361 \u12601924 \u1240\u12f0\u121d \u1232\u120d \u1270\u1348\u1325\u122e \u1260\u12a8\u134d\u1270\u129b \u12ab\u1235\u1275 \u1202\u1295\u12f1 \u132b\u1293 \u12a5\u1293 \u1260\u1308\u1295\u12d8\u1265 \u12a5\u1326\u1275 \u12e8\u1348\u1228\u1230\u12c9\u1295 \u12e8\u1270\u1328\u1246\u1291 \u12e8\u1239\u12f5\u122b \u12a0\u1263\u120b\u1275\u1295 \u1325\u12eb\u1244 \u12ed\u12de \u12e8\u1270\u1290\u1233 \u121b\u1285\u1260\u122d \u1263\u1202\u123d\u12ad\u122a\u1275 \u1233\u1263\u1205<\/em> \u1295 \u1260\u12f5\u130b\u121a \u1260\u121b\u124b\u124b\u121d \u12a5\u1293 \u12e8\u121b\u1285\u1260\u1229 \u1218\u122a \u1260\u1218\u1206\u1295 educate, agitate and organize \u12e8\u121a\u120d \u1218\u1348\u12ad\u122d \u12ed\u12de \u12a5\u12c9\u1240\u1271\u1295 \u12a5\u1295\u12f0 \u1218\u1233\u122a\u12eb \u1218\u1230\u120e\u1279\u1295 \u12a5\u1295\u12f0 \u12c8\u1273\u12f0\u122d \u12ed\u12de \u1260\u1218\u1295\u1240\u1233\u1240\u1235 \u1236\u1235\u1275 \u12e8\u1273\u12c8\u1241 \u1230\u120b\u121b\u12ca \u1275\u130d\u120e\u127d\u1295 \u12a0\u12a8\u1293\u12c9\u1297\u120d\u1361\u1361<\/div>\n
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\u12a0\u1295\u12f0\u129b\u12c9 \u12601927 \u12e8\u1270\u12f0\u1228\u1308\u12c9 \u121b\u1200\u12f5 \u1233\u1275\u12eb\u130d\u122b\u1205 (\u1230\u120b\u121b\u12ca \u1275\u130d\u120d) \u1232\u1206\u1295 \u12a0\u120b\u121b\u12c9\u121d \u1208\u12d8\u1218\u1293\u1275 \u1208\u12a0\u12ed\u1290\u12ac\u12ce\u127d \u1270\u12a8\u120d\u12ad\u120e \u12e8\u1290\u1260\u1228\u12c9 \u12e8\u1205\u12dd\u1265 \u12c9\u1200 \u1273\u1295\u12a8\u122d\u1295 \u1218\u1320\u1240\u121d \u1290\u1260\u122d\u1361\u1361 \u12ed\u1205 \u1273\u1295\u12a8\u122d \u121d\u1295\u121d \u12a5\u1295\u12b3\u1295 \u12e8\u1205\u12dd\u1265 \u1262\u1206\u1295\u121d \u12a0\u12ed\u1290\u12ac\u12ce\u127d \u130d\u1295 \u12a5\u1295\u12f2\u1320\u1240\u1219 \u12a0\u12ed\u1348\u1240\u12f5\u120b\u1278\u12c9\u121d \u121d\u12ad\u1295\u12eb\u1271\u121d \u12a5\u1290\u1231 \u12a8\u1290\u12a9\u1275 \u12c9\u1200\u12c9 \u12ed\u1260\u12a8\u120b\u120d \u1270\u1265\u120e \u1235\u1208\u121a\u1273\u1230\u1265\u1361\u1361 \u1260\u1202\u12f0\u1275 \u1266\u121d\u1264 \u120c\u130d\u1235\u120c\u1272\u126d \u12ab\u12c9\u1295\u1235\u120d \u12c9\u1200\u12c9 \u1208\u1201\u1209\u121d \u12a0\u1308\u120d\u130d\u120e\u1275 \u12a5\u1295\u12f2\u12c9\u120d \u12e8\u121a\u120d \u1205\u130d \u12eb\u12c8\u1323\u120d\u1361\u1361 \u12ed\u1205\u1295\u1295 \u1270\u12a8\u1275\u120e \u1290\u12c9 \u12a5\u1295\u130d\u12f2\u1205 \u12a0\u1295\u1260\u122d\u12a8\u122d \u12a8 10\u123a\u1205 \u1260\u120b\u12ed \u12a0\u12ed\u1290\u12ac \u1205\u12dd\u1266\u127d\u1295 \u12a0\u1235\u12a8\u1275\u120e \u12c9\u1200\u12c9\u1295 \u1270\u1320\u1245\u1218\u12c9 \u1270\u1218\u1208\u1231\u1361\u1361 \u12a8\u1275\u1295\u123d \u1230\u12d3\u1273\u1275 \u1260\u128b\u120b \u12c8\u12f0 \u128b\u120b \u12d8\u130d\u12ed\u1270\u12c9 \u12e8\u1290\u1260\u1229 \u12e8\u1239\u12f5\u122b \u12ab\u1235\u1275  \u12a0\u1263\u120b\u1275 \u1270\u12d8\u130b\u1305\u1270\u12c9 \u1260\u1218\u1321 \u120c\u120b \u12ab\u1235\u1275 \u12a0\u1263\u120b\u1275 \u1270\u12f0\u1260\u12f0\u1261\u1361\u1361 \u1260\u1202\u12f0\u1275\u121d \u12e8\u1356\u1208\u1272\u12ab \u1235\u122d\u12d3\u1271 \u120b\u12ed \u12eb\u1209\u1275\u121d \u12a8\u12a0\u12ed\u1290\u12ac \u12c9\u132d \u12e8\u1290\u1260\u1229 \u12ab\u1235\u1276\u127d \u1235\u1208\u1290\u1260\u1229 \u132b\u1293 \u1348\u1325\u1228\u12c9 \u1205\u1309 \u12a5\u1295\u12f2\u1240\u12e8\u122d \u12a0\u12f5\u122d\u1308\u12cb\u120d\u1361\u1361 \u12ed\u1205\u121d \u12e8\u12a0\u12ed\u1290\u12ac \u12a0\u1263\u120b\u1275\u1295 \u12a0\u121d\u1260\u12f5\u12a8\u122d\u1295 \u1328\u121d\u122e \u1260\u1323\u121d \u12eb\u1233\u12d8\u1290 \u12f5\u122d\u130a\u1275 \u1290\u1260\u122d\u1361\u1361<\/div>\n
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\u1201\u1208\u1270\u129b\u12c9 \u12601930 \u12e8\u1270\u12a8\u1293\u12c8\u1290 \u12ab\u120b\u122b\u121d \u12e8\u1264\u1270-\u1210\u12ed\u121b\u1296\u1275 \u12e8\u1218\u130d\u1263\u1275 \u1230\u120b\u121b\u12ca \u1275\u130d\u120d \u1290\u1260\u122d\u1361\u1361 \u12a0\u12ed\u1290\u12ac\u12ce\u127d \u1260\u12a5\u121d\u1290\u1275 \u1202\u1295\u12f1 \u1262\u1206\u1291\u121d \u12c8\u12f0 \u1264\u1270-\u12a5\u121d\u1290\u1271 \u130d\u1295 \u1218\u130d\u1263\u1275 \u12a0\u12ed\u1348\u1240\u12f5\u120b\u1278\u12c9\u121d \u1290\u1260\u122d\u1361\u1361 \u1264\u1270-\u12a5\u121d\u1290\u1271\u1295 \u12a5\u1295\u12f3\u12ed\u1260\u12ad\u1209 \u1270\u1265\u120e \u1325\u120b\u1278\u12c9\u1295 \u1328\u121d\u122e \u1260\u130d\u121d\u1275 \u1275\u120d\u1245 \u12e8\u1230\u12c9 \u1241\u1218\u1275 \u1228\u1305\u121d \u1325\u120b \u12eb\u1205\u120d \u122d\u1240\u12c9 \u12ab\u120d\u1206\u1290 \u1260\u12a0\u1245\u122b\u1262\u12eb\u12c9 \u12a5\u1295\u12b3\u1295 \u121b\u1208\u134d \u12a0\u12ed\u1348\u1240\u12f5\u120b\u1278\u12c9\u121d \u1290\u1260\u122d\u1361\u1361 \u12ed\u1205 \u1260\u12e8\u1275\u121d \u1200\u12ed\u121b\u1296\u1275 \u12e8\u121b\u12ed\u1273\u12ed \u1270\u130d\u1263\u122d\u1295 \u1208\u1218\u1243\u12c8\u121d \u12a0\u121d\u1260\u12f5\u12a8\u122d \u12e8\u1218\u1228\u1320\u12c9 \u12c8\u12f0 \u1264\u1270-\u12a5\u121d\u1290\u1271 \u1260\u1261\u12f5\u1295 \u12e8\u1218\u130d\u1263\u1275 \u1235\u120d\u1275\u1295 \u1290\u1260\u122d\u1361\u1361  \u1260\u1293\u1232\u12ad \u12e8\u121a\u1308\u1298\u12c9 \u12ab\u122b\u120b\u121d \u1264\u1270-\u12a5\u121d\u1290\u1275 \u1208\u12da\u1205 \u1270\u130d\u1263\u122d \u1260\u12c8\u1245\u1271 \u12e8\u1270\u1218\u1228\u1320 \u1290\u1260\u122d\u1361\u1361 \u12ed\u1205 \u1275\u130d\u120d \u1208\u12a0\u1295\u12f5 \u12c8\u122d \u12e8\u1246\u12e8 \u1262\u1206\u1295\u121d \u12c9\u1324\u1273\u121b \u12a0\u120d\u1290\u1260\u1228\u121d\u1361\u1361 \u12e8\u12f0\u1205\u1295\u1290\u1275 \u1235\u130b\u1275 \u12a5\u1293 \u12e8\u12a5\u122d\u1235 \u1260\u122d\u1235 \u130d\u132d\u1275\u1295 \u1260\u1218\u134d\u122b\u1275 \u1245\u129d \u130d\u12e5 \u12e8\u1290\u1260\u1229\u1275 \u12a5\u1295\u130d\u120a\u12de\u127d \u1323\u120d\u1243 \u1260\u1218\u130d\u1263\u1275 \u12a0\u121d\u1260\u12f5\u12a8\u122d\u1295 \u1208\u121b\u1233\u1218\u1295 \u1262\u1325\u1229\u121d \u121b\u1235\u1246\u121d \u1235\u120b\u120d\u127b\u1209 \u130d\u132d\u1275 \u1270\u1348\u1325\u122e \u1265\u12d9 \u1230\u12ce\u127d \u12a8\u1270\u130e\u12f1 \u1260\u128b\u120b \u1246\u121f\u120d\u1361\u1361 \u1236\u1235\u1270\u129b\u12c9 \u1356\u1293 \u1350\u122d\u1268\u1272 \u1264\u1270-\u12a5\u121d\u1290\u1275 \u12e8\u1218\u130d\u1263\u1275 \u1235\u122d\u12d3\u1275 \u1232\u1206\u1295 \u1260\u12cb\u1293\u1290\u1275 \u1260\u120c\u120e\u127d \u1270\u12d8\u130b\u1305\u1276 \u12a0\u121d\u1260\u122d\u12a8\u122d \u12eb\u130d\u12d8\u12c9 \u12e8\u1290\u1260\u1228 \u1290\u12c9\u1361\u1361<\/p><\/div>\n

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—<\/div>\n
\u12ed\u1240\u1325\u120b\u120d\u1361\u1361<\/div>\n
— <\/div>\n
\u1338\u1210\u134a\u12cd\u1295 \u1208\u121b\u130d\u1298\u1275 bemanishe@gmail.com \u120b\u12ed \u12ed\u133b\u1349\u120b\u1278\u12cd\u1361\u1361<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

<\/span>በማናዬ በላይ<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n
II.        በእሳት የተፈተነ ብረት – ዶ\/ር ቢሂምራዎ ራምጂ አምበድከር<\/div>\n
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ዶ\/ር ቢሂምራዎ ራምጂ አምበድከር እ.ኤ.አ ሚያዚያ 1889 ዓ.ም ማሀራሽትራ ክልል በአሁኑ ማድያ ፕራዲሽ ዉስጥ በምትገኝ ራትናግሪ በምትባል ወረዳ የተወለደ የዚያኔዉ ህፃን ያንን ሁሉ ጭቆናና በደል ያስተናገደ በኋላ ለህንድም ይሁን ለሌላዉ አለም ለፍትህ እና እኩልነት ትግል አርአያ የሆነ ታላቅ ሰዉ ነበር፡፡ አምበድከር በመላዉ የሹድራ ወይም አይነኬ ማህበረሰብ አባላት ላይ ይፈፀም የነበረዉ ጭቆናና በደል ማሳያ ነዉ፡፡ በዚህ ጽሑፍ የመጀመርያ ክፍል በቅድመ ታሪክ ላይ የተገለፁት ይህ ታላቅ ሰዉ በልጅነቱ የደረሰበትን ግፍ ከከተበበት የግል ማስታዎሻዉ ላይ ከታተመዉ “Waiting for Visa” ላይ የተወሰደ ነዉ፡፡ በህንድ በዉልደት የሹድራ አባል ከሆኑ ትምህርት፤ ገንዘብ፣ ክብር፤ ስልጣን ማግኘት የማይታሰብ ነዉ፡፡ እርስዎ ሲወለዱ ጀምሮ የተፈጠሩት ለአገልጋይነት ነዉ ተብሎ ይታሰባል፡፡ በአጋጣሚ የሚደርስብዎን ጭቆና ተቋቁመዉ ቢማሩ፤ ሀብት ቢያፈሩ፤ ስራ ወይም ስልጣን ቢይዙ ማህበራዊ ህይወትዎን ሊቀይረዉ አይችልም፡፡<\/div>\n
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አምበድርከርም በህንድ በነበረዉ የእንግሊዝ ጦር ሰራዊት ዉስጥ ይሰራ የነበረዉ እና የሰላ እሳቤ የነበረዉ አባቱ ምስጋና ይግባዉና መጻሕፍትን እና እገዛን ከአባቱ እያገኘ እንደ ሹድራ አባልነቱ የሚደርስበትን ግፍ ተቋቁሞ በ1907 ወደ ዩኒቨርሲቲ የሚያስገባዉን ዉጤት ሲያመጣ በወቅቱ ለሚኖርበት ማኅበረሰብ አባል የመጀመሪያ ስለነበር ተራማጅ በነበሩ የማኅበረሰቡ አባላት ዝግጅት ተሰናድቶለት ተሞግሶ ነበር፡፡ ከዚያም በ1913 ከቦምቤ ዩኒቨርሲቲ በፐርሺያና እንግሊዝኛ፤ የጋይከዋር ስኮላር ተጠቃሚ በመሆንም ወደ አሜሪካ ተጉዞ ከኮለምቢያ ዩኒቨርሲቲ በሦስት አመት ቆይታ MA እና PhD በኢኮኖሚክስ ያገኘ ሲሆን ከዚህ በተጨማሪ የአንትሮፖሎጂ፣ ፖለቲካል ሳይንስ፣ ሶሾሎጂ አና ሌሎች ኮርሶችን ወስዶ ነበር፡፡ ከዚያም ከአሜሪካ ቆይታዉ በቀጥታ ያመራዉ ወደ ለንደን ስኩል ኦፍ ኢኮኖሚክስ ነበር፡፡ ይሁን እንጂ ስኮላርሺፑ አልቆ ስለነበር እና ተመልሶ የመስራት ግዴታ ስለነበረበት በ1917 ዶክትሬት ትምህርቱን አቋርጦ ወደ ህንድ በመመለስ በባሮዳ ማሃራጃ ስራ ቢጀምርም የማኅበረሰቡ ማግለል እና ህዝባዊ አገልግሎት መከልከል ሊያሰራዉ ባለመቻሉ ስራዉን ለቆ በወቅቱ ትንሽም  ቢሆን ይሻል ወደነበረዉ ቦምቤ ይመለሳል፡፡ በወቅቱ ዶ\/ር መሆኑ በማኅበራዊ ህይወቱ ላይ ምንም የፈየደለት ነገር አልነበረም፡፡<\/div>\n
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ከአመት ስራ መፍታት በኋላ በሲንድንሀም የኮሜርስ እና ኢኮኖሚክስ ኮሌጅ የፖለቲካል ኢኮኖሚ መምህር ሆኖ ይቀጠራል፡፡ በዚህም ወቅት አብረዉት ይሰሩ የነበረት የበላይ ካስት ሂንዱ ፕሮፌሰሮች የጋራ ዉሃ እንዳይነካ ይከለክሉት ነበር፡፤ በዚህ ጊዜ ነዉ እንግዲህ አመበርከር የፍትህ ትግሉን አንድ ብሎ የጀመረዉ፡፡ በዚህ ወቅት የሹድራ አባላትን ንቃተ ህሊና ያሳድጋል ብሎ ያሰበዉን ሙክንያክ (የጭቁኖች ጀግና) የሚል በማራቲ ቋንቋ የሚዘጋጅ መጽሔት መሰረተ፡፡<\/div>\n
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አምበርከር ለማንኛዉም ትግል እዉቀት ከምንም በላይ የላቀ መሳሪያ ነዉ የሚል ጠንካራ እምነት ስለነበረዉ ስራዉን ለቆ የጀመረዉን የዶክትሬት ድግሪ ለመጨረስ በ1920 ወደ ለንደን በድጋሚ አቀና፡፡ በለንደን የኢኮኖሚክስ ት\/ቤት የM.Sc እና D.Sc ትምህርቱን እንዲሁም በሌላ ኮሌጅ ሕግ ተምሮ በሕግ የሚሰራበትን ፍቃድ ጨምሮ በመያዝ በ1923 ወደ ህንድ ተመልሶ በሕግ ሙያ መስራት ጀመረ፡፡<\/div>\n
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አምበድከር በአሜሪካ ቆይታዉ በወቅቱ የነበረዉ የጥቁር አሜሪካዉያን ጥያቄ ያልበረደበት ጊዜ ከመሆኑ ባሻገር በአሜሪካ እና በለንደን ያየዉ የማኅበረሰብ ሁኔታ ለወደፊት ትግሉ አስተዋፅኦ እንደነበረዉ በጽሑፎቹ ላይ ገልጿል፡፡<\/div>\n
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III.        የአምበድከር ማህበራዊ እና ሐይማኖታዊ ጥያቄ<\/div>\n
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አምበድከር ከለንደን መልስ የመጀመሪያ ትግሉ የማኅበራዊ እና ሐይማኖታዊ እኩልነትን ለማስፈን ነበር፡፡ በ1924 ቀደም ሲል ተፈጥሮ በከፍተኛ ካስት ሂንዱ ጫና እና በገንዘብ እጦት የፈረሰዉን የተጨቆኑ የሹድራ አባላትን ጥያቄ ይዞ የተነሳ ማኅበር ባሂሽክሪት ሳባህ<\/em> ን በድጋሚ በማቋቋም እና የማኅበሩ መሪ በመሆን educate, agitate and organize የሚል መፈክር ይዞ እዉቀቱን እንደ መሳሪያ መሰሎቹን እንደ ወታደር ይዞ በመንቀሳቀስ ሶስት የታወቁ ሰላማዊ ትግሎችን አከናዉኗል፡፡<\/div>\n
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አንደኛዉ በ1927 የተደረገዉ ማሀድ ሳትያግራህ (ሰላማዊ ትግል) ሲሆን አላማዉም ለዘመናት ለአይነኬዎች ተከልክሎ የነበረዉ የህዝብ ዉሀ ታንከርን መጠቀም ነበር፡፡ ይህ ታንከር ምንም እንኳን የህዝብ ቢሆንም አይነኬዎች ግን እንዲጠቀሙ አይፈቀድላቸዉም ምክንያቱም እነሱ ከነኩት ዉሀዉ ይበከላል ተብሎ ስለሚታሰብ፡፡ በሂደት ቦምቤ ሌግስሌቲቭ ካዉንስል ዉሀዉ ለሁሉም አገልግሎት እንዲዉል የሚል ህግ ያወጣል፡፡ ይህንን ተከትሎ ነዉ እንግዲህ አንበርከር ከ 10ሺህ በላይ አይነኬ ህዝቦችን አስከትሎ ዉሀዉን ተጠቅመዉ ተመለሱ፡፡ ከትንሽ ሰዓታት በኋላ ወደ ኋላ ዘግይተዉ የነበሩ የሹድራ ካስት  አባላት ተዘጋጅተዉ በመጡ ሌላ ካስት አባላት ተደበደቡ፡፡ በሂደትም የፖለቲካ ስርዓቱ ላይ ያሉትም ከአይነኬ ዉጭ የነበሩ ካስቶች ስለነበሩ ጫና ፈጥረዉ ህጉ እንዲቀየር አድርገዋል፡፡ ይህም የአይነኬ አባላትን አምበድከርን ጨምሮ በጣም ያሳዘነ ድርጊት ነበር፡፡<\/div>\n
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ሁለተኛዉ በ1930 የተከናወነ ካላራም የቤተ-ሐይማኖት የመግባት ሰላማዊ ትግል ነበር፡፡ አይነኬዎች በእምነት ሂንዱ ቢሆኑም ወደ ቤተ-እምነቱ ግን መግባት አይፈቀድላቸዉም ነበር፡፡ ቤተ-እምነቱን እንዳይበክሉ ተብሎ ጥላቸዉን ጨምሮ በግምት ትልቅ የሰዉ ቁመት ረጅም ጥላ ያህል ርቀዉ ካልሆነ በአቅራቢያዉ እንኳን ማለፍ አይፈቀድላቸዉም ነበር፡፡ ይህ በየትም ሀይማኖት የማይታይ ተግባርን ለመቃወም አምበድከር የመረጠዉ ወደ ቤተ-እምነቱ በቡድን የመግባት ስልትን ነበር፡፡  በናሲክ የሚገኘዉ ካራላም ቤተ-እምነት ለዚህ ተግባር በወቅቱ የተመረጠ ነበር፡፡ ይህ ትግል ለአንድ ወር የቆየ ቢሆንም ዉጤታማ አልነበረም፡፡ የደህንነት ስጋት እና የእርስ በርስ ግጭትን በመፍራት ቅኝ ግዥ የነበሩት እንግሊዞች ጣልቃ በመግባት አምበድከርን ለማሳመን ቢጥሩም ማስቆም ስላልቻሉ ግጭት ተፈጥሮ ብዙ ሰዎች ከተጎዱ በኋላ ቆሟል፡፡ ሶስተኛዉ ፖና ፐርቨቲ ቤተ-እምነት የመግባት ስርዓት ሲሆን በዋናነት በሌሎች ተዘጋጅቶ አምበርከር ያግዘዉ የነበረ ነዉ፡፡<\/p><\/div>\n

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ይቀጥላል፡፡<\/div>\n
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ጸሐፊውን ለማግኘት bemanishe@gmail.com ላይ ይጻፉላቸው፡፡<\/div>\n
Read more ›<\/a><\/div>\n

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