{"id":315443,"date":"2015-01-05T23:17:00","date_gmt":"2015-01-06T04:17:00","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.mereja.com\/amharic\/?guid=1498f2a8f36ac454eed8eee25f142594"},"modified":"2015-01-05T23:17:00","modified_gmt":"2015-01-06T04:17:00","slug":"%e1%89%85%e1%8b%b1%e1%88%b5-%e1%89%81%e1%88%ad%e1%8a%a3%e1%8a%95-%e1%89%a0%e1%8a%a0%e1%88%9b%e1%88%ad%e1%8a%9b-%e1%88%b2%e1%89%b0%e1%88%a8%e1%8c%8e%e1%88%9d","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/mereja.net\/amharic\/315443","title":{"rendered":"\u1245\u12f1\u1235 \u1241\u122d\u12a3\u1295 \u1260\u12a0\u121b\u122d\u129b \u1232\u1270\u1228\u130e\u121d"},"content":{"rendered":"

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\u1338\u1210\u134a\u1361 \u12a0\u1348\u1295\u12f2 \u1219\u1270\u1242<\/span><\/span><\/div>\n
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\u1245\u12f1\u1235 \u1241\u122d\u12a3\u1295 \u1260\u12a0\u121b\u122d\u129b \u12a5\u1295\u12f2\u1270\u1228\u130e\u121d \u1275\u12d5\u12db\u12dd \u12eb\u1235\u1270\u120b\u1208\u1349\u1275 \u1240\u12f3\u121b\u12ca \u1283\u12ed\u1208 \u1225\u120b\u1224 \u1290\u1260\u1229\u1361\u1361 \u1240\u12f3\u121b\u12ca \u1283\u12ed\u1208 \u1225\u120b\u1224 \u1275\u12d5\u12db\u12d9\u1295 \u12e8\u1230\u1321\u1275 \u12c8\u12f3\u1306\u127b\u1278\u12cd \u12a8\u1290\u1260\u1229\u1275 \u12e8\u130d\u1265\u1339 \u1218\u122a \u1300\u121b\u120d \u12a0\u1265\u12f1\u1293\u1232\u122d \u12a5\u1293 \u12e8\u1233\u12d1\u12f2 \u12d0\u1228\u1262\u12eb\u12cd \u1295\u1309\u1225 \u1348\u12ed\u1230\u120d \u1262\u1295 \u12d0\u1265\u12f1\u120d \u12a0\u12da\u12dd \u201c\u12a2\u1275\u12ee\u1335\u12eb\u12ca\u12eb\u1295 \u1219\u1235\u120a\u121e\u127d \u12a5\u121d\u1290\u1273\u1278\u12cd\u1295 \u1260\u122b\u1233\u1278\u12cd \u124b\u1295\u124b \u12a5\u1295\u12f2\u121b\u1229 \u120a\u12f0\u1228\u130d \u12ed\u1308\u1263\u120d\u201d \u12e8\u121a\u120d \u132b\u1293 \u1235\u1208\u1218\u1323\u1263\u1278\u12cd \u12a5\u1295\u1302 \u1260\u122b\u1233\u1278\u12cd \u1270\u1290\u1233\u123d\u1290\u1275 \u12a0\u120d\u1290\u1260\u1228\u121d\u1361\u1361 \u1262\u1206\u1295\u121d \u1295\u1309\u1221 \u12a5\u1295\u12f2\u1205 \u12d3\u12ed\u1290\u1275 \u1235\u122b\u12ce\u127d \u1218\u1348\u1338\u121b\u1278\u12cd\u1295 \u1240\u122d\u1276 \u1218\u1273\u1230\u1263\u1278\u12cd\u1295 \u12a5\u1295\u12b3 \u12a5\u1295\u12f0 \u12f5\u134d\u1228\u1275 \u12ed\u1246\u1325\u1229 \u12e8\u1290\u1260\u1229\u1275\u1295 \u12e8\u12c8\u130d \u12a0\u1325\u1263\u1242 \u1218\u12b3\u1295\u1295\u1275\u1293 \u1218\u1233\u134d\u1295\u1275\u1295 \u1270\u1243\u12cd\u121e \u1233\u12ed\u1348\u1229 \u1235\u122b\u12cd \u12a5\u1295\u12f2\u1300\u1218\u122d \u1260\u1218\u12c8\u1230\u1293\u1278\u12cd \u120a\u1218\u1230\u1308\u1291 \u12ed\u1308\u1263\u120d\u1361\u1361<\/span><\/span><\/div>\n
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\u1240\u12f3\u121b\u12ca \u1283\u12ed\u1208 \u1225\u120b\u1224 \u1275\u12a5\u12db\u12d9\u1295 \u12eb\u1235\u1270\u120b\u1208\u1349\u1275 \u1210\u121d\u120c 18\/1958 \u1260\u1270\u133b\u1348 \u12f0\u1265\u12f3\u1264 \u1290\u1260\u122d\u1361\u1361 \u12e8\u1295\u1309\u1221\u1295 \u12f0\u1265\u12f3\u1264 \u1260\u1218\u1295\u1270\u122b\u1230\u1235 \u1235\u122b\u12cd \u12a5\u1295\u12f2\u1300\u1218\u122d \u12eb\u12f0\u1228\u1309\u1275 \u12f0\u130d\u121e \u1260\u12c8\u1245\u1271 \u12e8\u1275\u121d\u1205\u122d\u1275 \u121a\u1292\u1235\u1275\u122d \u12e8\u1290\u1260\u1229\u1275 \u12f6\/\u122d \u121d\u1293\u1234 \u1203\u12ed\u120c \u1293\u1278\u12cd\u1361\u1361 \u12f6\/\u122d \u121d\u1293\u1234 \u1260\u1270\u122d\u1313\u121a\u1290\u1275 \u12e8\u1218\u1228\u1321\u1275 \u12a8\u12a0\u120d-\u12a0\u12dd\u1203\u122d \u12e9\u1292\u1268\u122d\u1232\u1272 \u1270\u1218\u122d\u1240\u12cd \u1260\u121b\u1235\u1273\u12c8\u1242\u12eb \u121a\u1292\u1235\u1274\u122d \u1235\u122d \u12e8\u121a\u1273\u1270\u1218\u12cd \u12e8\u201c\u12a0\u120d-\u12d0\u1208\u121d\u201d \u130b\u12dc\u1323 \u121d\u12ad\u1275\u120d \u12cb\u1293 \u12a0\u12d8\u130b\u1305 \u1260\u1218\u1206\u1295 \u12ed\u1230\u1229 \u12e8\u1290\u1260\u1229\u1275\u1295 \u1210\u1302 \u1260\u123a\u122d \u12f3\u12cd\u12f5\u1295 \u1290\u12cd (\u1210\u1302 \u1260\u123a\u122d \u12a5\u1235\u12a8 \u1245\u122d\u1265 \u130a\u12dc \u12f5\u1228\u1235 \u1260\u1348\u1228\u1295\u1233\u12ed \u1208\u130b\u1232\u12ee\u1295 \u12a0\u12ab\u1263\u1262 \u12e8\u1270\u1308\u1290\u1263\u12cd \u1275\u120d\u1245 \u1218\u1235\u1302\u12f5 \u12a2\u121b\u121d \u12a5\u1295\u12f0\u1290\u1260\u1229 \u12a0\u12cd\u1243\u1208\u1201\u1364 \u1260\u121a\u12f2\u12eb\u121d \u12a0\u1295\u12f5 \u1201\u1208\u1274 \u12a0\u12ed\u127c\u12a0\u1278\u128b\u1208\u1201\u1364 \u12a0\u1201\u1295 \u1260\u1205\u12ed\u12c8\u1275 \u12ed\u1296\u1229 \u12ed\u1206\u1295?\u2026 \u12a5\u1235\u1272 \u1218\u1228\u1303 \u12ab\u120b\u127d\u1201 \u12a0\u1240\u1265\u1209\u1295)\u1361\u1361<\/span><\/span><\/div>\n
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\u1210\u1302 \u1260\u123d\u122d \u12a8\u12f6\/\u122d \u121d\u1293\u1234 \u12e8\u1270\u1230\u1323\u1278\u12cd\u1295 \u12a0\u1218\u122b\u122d \u1260\u130d\u122d\u12f5\u1349 \u12a0\u120d\u1270\u1240\u1260\u1209\u1275\u121d\u1361\u1361 \u201c\u1241\u122d\u12a3\u1295\u1295 \u1218\u1270\u122d\u130e\u121d \u120c\u120e\u127d \u1218\u133d\u1210\u134d\u1275\u1295 \u12a5\u1295\u12f0 \u1218\u1270\u122d\u130e\u121d \u1270\u12f0\u122d\u130e \u120a\u1273\u12ed \u12a0\u12ed\u1308\u1263\u121d\u1364 \u1260\u1200\u1308\u122d \u12a0\u1240\u134d \u12f0\u1228\u1303 \u12ae\u121a\u1274 \u1270\u12cb\u1245\u122e \u12ae\u121a\u1274\u12cd \u1260\u121a\u1230\u1320\u12cd \u1218\u1218\u122a\u12eb \u1218\u1230\u1228\u1275 \u1290\u12cd \u1218\u1230\u122b\u1275 \u12eb\u1208\u1260\u1275\u201d \u12e8\u121a\u120d \u121d\u120b\u123d \u1290\u1260\u122d \u12e8\u1230\u1321\u1275\u1361\u1361 \u12a0\u1263\u1263\u120b\u1278\u12cd \u1270\u1240\u1263\u12ed\u1290\u1275 \u1260\u121b\u130d\u1298\u1271\u121d \u12e8\u1241\u122d\u12a3\u1295 \u1275\u122d\u1309\u121d \u12ae\u121a\u1274\u12cd \u1270\u12cb\u1240\u1228\u1361\u1361 \u12a8\u1200\u1308\u122d \u12a0\u1240\u1349 \u12ae\u121a\u1274 \u12a0\u1263\u120b\u1275 \u1218\u12ab\u12a8\u120d \u12a5\u1295\u12f0\u122d\u1233\u1278\u12cd \u12e8\u12a0\u120d-\u12a0\u12dd\u1203\u122d \u12e9\u1292\u1268\u122d\u1232\u1272 \u121d\u1229\u1245 \u12e8\u1290\u1260\u1229\u1275 \u123c\u12bd \u12d3\u1265\u12f1\u120d \u12a8\u122a\u121d \u1291\u122d\u1211\u1234\u1295 \u12a5\u1293 \u1219\u1234 \u1230\u120a\u121d \u1261\u123d\u1245\u122b \u12ed\u1320\u1240\u1233\u1209\u1361\u1361 <\/span><\/span><\/div>\n
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  <\/span>\u12ae\u121a\u1274\u12cd \u12e8\u1275\u122d\u1309\u1219\u1295 \u1235\u122b \u1260\u1265\u1243\u1275 \u121b\u12a8\u1293\u12c8\u1295 \u12e8\u121a\u127d\u1209 \u12d3\u120a\u121e\u127d\u1295 \u121b\u1348\u120b\u1208\u130d \u1300\u1218\u1228\u1361\u1361 \u1260\u12c8\u1245\u1271 \u1275\u120d\u1241 \u127d\u130d\u122d \u12e8\u1290\u1260\u1228\u12cd \u1260\u12a5\u1235\u120b\u121b\u12ca \u12a5\u12cd\u1240\u1275\u121d \u1206\u1290 \u1260\u12d3\u1208\u121b\u12ca \u1275\u121d\u1205\u122d\u1271 \u1265\u1241 \u12e8\u1206\u1290 \u12d3\u120a\u121d \u121b\u130d\u1298\u1275 \u1290\u1260\u122d\u1361\u1361 \u1260\u1270\u1208\u12ed\u121d \u12a0\u121b\u122d\u129b \u124b\u1295\u124b\u1295 \u12a0\u1235\u1270\u12ab\u12ad\u120e \u12a8\u1218\u133b\u134d \u1300\u121d\u122e \u12e8\u124b\u1295\u124b\u12cd\u1295 \u12e8\u1230\u12cb\u1235\u12cd \u12a5\u1293 \u12e8\u1235\u1290-\u120d\u1233\u1295 \u1205\u130d\u130b\u1275\u1295 \u1320\u1295\u1245\u1246 \u12e8\u121a\u12eb\u12cd\u1245 \u12d3\u120a\u121d \u121b\u130d\u1298\u1271 \u12a0\u1235\u1348\u120b\u130a \u1290\u1260\u122d\u1361\u1361 \u1265\u12d9\u12ce\u1279 \u12d3\u120a\u121e\u127b\u127d\u1295 \u12e8\u1218\u1300\u1218\u122a\u12eb\u12cd\u1295 \u1218\u1235\u1348\u122d\u1275 \u1262\u12eb\u121f\u1209\u121d \u12e8\u128b\u1208\u129b\u12cd \u12ed\u130e\u12f5\u120b\u1278\u12cd \u1290\u1260\u122d\u1361\u1361 \u1206\u1296\u121d \u12ae\u121a\u1274\u12cd \u1260\u1213\u1302 \u1260\u123a\u122d \u12f3\u12cd\u12f5 \u1320\u124b\u121a\u1290\u1275 \u1201\u1208\u1275 \u1230\u12ce\u127d\u1295 \u12a0\u1308\u1298\u1361\u1361 \u12a5\u1290\u122d\u1231\u121d \u1260\u130a\u12dc\u12cd \u1260\u12f0\u1234 \u12a8\u1270\u121b \u1260\u121a\u1308\u1298\u12cd \u12e8\u12c8\u12ed\u12d8\u122e \u1235\u1212\u1295 \u1275\u121d\u1205\u122d\u1275 \u1264\u1275 \u12e8\u121a\u12eb\u1235\u1270\u121d\u1229\u1275 \u1213\u1302 \u1219\u1210\u1218\u12f5 \u1223\u1292 \u1210\u1262\u1265 \u12a5\u1293 \u12e8\u1238\u122a\u12d3 \u134d\u122d\u12f5 \u1264\u1275 \u12f3\u129b \u12e8\u1290\u1260\u1229\u1275 \u123c\u12bd \u1230\u12ed\u12f5 \u1219\u1210\u1218\u12f5 \u1233\u12f2\u1245 \u1290\u1260\u1229\u1361\u1361 \u1260\u12da\u1205 \u1218\u1230\u1228\u1275 \u1201\u1208\u1271 \u12d3\u120a\u121e\u127d \u12cb\u1293 \u1270\u122d\u1313\u121a \u1206\u1290\u12cd \u1235\u122b\u1278\u12cd\u1295 \u1300\u1218\u1229\u1361\u1361 \u1213\u1302 \u1260\u123a\u122d \u12f3\u12cd\u12f5 \u12a5\u1293 \u123c\u12bd \u12d0\u1265\u12f1\u120d \u12a8\u122a\u121d \u1291\u122d\u1211\u1234\u1295 \u12f0\u130d\u121e \u1270\u1263\u1263\u122a \u12a4\u12f2\u1270\u122e\u127d \u1206\u1290\u12cd \u12a5\u1295\u12f2\u1230\u1229 \u1270\u1218\u12f0\u1261\u1361\u1361 <\/span><\/span><\/div>\n
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\u1270\u122d\u1313\u121a\u12ce\u1279 \u12a8\u12a4\u12f2\u1270\u122e\u1279 \u130b\u122d \u1260\u1245\u122d\u1260\u1275 \u12a5\u12e8\u1230\u1229 \u1260\u12a0\u1235\u122b \u12a0\u121d\u1235\u1275 \u12c8\u122b\u1275 \u12cd\u1235\u1325 \u1235\u122b\u1278\u12cd\u1295 \u12a0\u1320\u1293\u1240\u1241\u1275\u1361\u1361 \u1206\u1296\u121d \u12a8\u12e8\u12ad\u134d\u1208 \u1200\u1308\u1229 \u12e8\u1270\u1218\u1228\u1321 \u12d1\u1208\u121b \u12e8\u1275\u122d\u1309\u1219\u1295 \u1228\u1242\u1245 \u12a0\u1295\u1265\u1260\u12cd \u12e8\u12a5\u122d\u121b\u1275\u1293 \u12e8\u121b\u123b\u123b\u12eb \u1213\u1233\u1266\u127d\u1295 \u12a5\u1295\u12f2\u1230\u1321\u1260\u1275 \u12eb\u1235\u1348\u120d\u130b\u120d \u12e8\u121a\u120d \u1203\u1233\u1265 \u1270\u1230\u1290\u12d8\u1228\u1361\u1361 \u1260\u12da\u1201 \u1218\u1230\u1228\u1275 \u12e8\u121a\u12a8\u1270\u1209\u1275 \u1273\u120b\u120b\u1245 \u12d1\u1208\u121b \u12c8\u12f0 \u12ae\u121a\u1274\u12cd \u1240\u122d\u1260\u12cd \u1228\u1242\u1245 \u1235\u122b\u12cd\u1295 \u1260\u121b\u1295\u1260\u1265 \u1203\u1233\u1263\u1278\u12cd\u1295 \u12a5\u1295\u12f2\u1230\u1321\u1260\u1275 \u1270\u12f0\u1228\u1308\u1361\u1361<\/span><\/span><\/div>\n
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\u123c\u12bd \u1261\u123d\u1228\u120d \u12a8\u122a\u121d \u1219\u1235\u1320\u134b (\u12a8\u12c8\u120e)<\/span><\/span><\/div>\n
\u1213\u1302 \u12e9\u1231\u134d \u12d0\u1265\u12f1\u122b\u1215\u121b\u1295 \u1308\u122b\u12f5 (\u12a8\u1200\u1228\u122d\u130c)<\/span><\/span><\/div>\n
\u1243\u12f2 \u1219\u1210\u1218\u12f5 \u12d0\u1265\u12f1\u122b\u1215\u121b\u1295 (\u12a8\u1275\u130d\u122b\u12ed)<\/span><\/span><\/div>\n
\u1213\u1302 \u12a0\u1215\u1218\u12f5 \u12f3\u1208\u1272 (\u12a8\u1238\u12cb)<\/span><\/span><\/div>\n
\u1213\u1302 \u1218\u1295\u12db\u1228\u1201 \u12a8\u1262\u122d \u1211\u1234\u1295 (\u12a8\u12a0\u122d\u1232)<\/span><\/span><\/div>\n
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\u1260\u1218\u1328\u1228\u123b\u121d \u1270\u122d\u1313\u121a\u12ce\u1279 \u12a8\u12a0\u121d\u1235\u1271 \u12d1\u1208\u121b\u12ce\u127d \u12e8\u1270\u1230\u1321\u1275\u1295 \u12a0\u1235\u1270\u12eb\u12e8\u1276\u127d\u1293 \u120c\u120e\u127d \u12e8\u121b\u123b\u123b\u12eb \u1203\u1233\u1266\u127d\u1295 \u1260\u1218\u1240\u1260\u120d \u1228\u1242\u1241\u1295 \u12a0\u122d\u1218\u12cd \u12a0\u12d8\u130b\u1301\u1361\u1361 \u12a0\u1201\u1295 \u1260\u12a5\u1303\u127d\u1295 \u120b\u12ed \u12e8\u121a\u1308\u1298\u12cd \u12e8\u1245\u12f1\u1235 \u1241\u122d\u12a3\u1295 \u12e8\u12a0\u121b\u122d\u129b \u1275\u122d\u1309\u121d\u121d \u12601961 \u12e8\u1218\u1300\u1218\u122a\u12eb \u12c8\u122b\u1275 \u12cd\u1235\u1325 \u1208\u1205\u1275\u1218\u1275 \u1260\u1243\u1361\u1361<\/span><\/span><\/div>\n
—–<\/span><\/span><\/div>\n
\u1245\u12f1\u1235 \u1241\u122d\u12a3\u1295 \u1260\u12a0\u121b\u122d\u129b \u12e8\u1270\u1270\u1228\u130e\u1218\u1260\u1275 \u1202\u12f0\u1275 \u12a8\u1265\u12d9 \u1260\u1325\u1242\u1271 \u12ed\u1205\u1295\u1295 \u12ed\u1218\u1235\u120b\u120d\u1361\u1361 \u12ed\u1201\u1295\u1293 \u12a0\u1295\u12f3\u1295\u12f5 \u1338\u1210\u134a\u12ce\u127d\u1293 \u12f0\u122b\u1232\u12ce\u127d \u12ed\u1205\u1295\u1295 \u1273\u122a\u12ad \u12a5\u1295\u12f3\u123b\u1278\u12cd \u1232\u133d\u1349\u1275 \u1270\u1218\u120d\u12ad\u1270\u1293\u120d\u1361\u1361 \u1208\u121d\u1233\u120c \u1355\u122e\u134c\u1230\u122d \u1203\u130b\u12ed \u12a4\u120d\u122a\u127d\u1295 \u12e8\u1218\u1233\u1230\u1209 \u1340\u1210\u134d\u1275 \u12e8\u1275\u122d\u1309\u121d \u1235\u122b\u12cd \u1263\u1208\u1264\u1275\u1293 \u1218\u122a \u12a0\u12f5\u122d\u1308\u12cd \u12e8\u121a\u1320\u1245\u1231\u1275 \u1270\u122d\u1313\u121a\u12ce\u1279 \u1228\u1242\u1241\u1295 \u12a8\u1328\u1228\u1231 \u1260\u128b\u120b \u1260\u12ae\u121a\u1274\u12cd \u130b\u1263\u12e5\u1290\u1275 \u1203\u1233\u1263\u1278\u12cd\u1295 \u12a8\u1230\u1321\u1275 \u12a0\u121d\u1235\u1275 \u12d1\u1208\u121b \u1218\u12ab\u12a8\u120d \u12a0\u1295\u12f1 \u12e8\u1290\u1260\u1229\u1275\u1295  <\/span>\u1213\u1302 \u12e9\u1231\u134d \u12d0\u1265\u12f1\u122b\u1215\u121b\u1295\u1295 \u1290\u12cd\u1361\u1361 \u1355\u122e\u134c\u1230\u122d \u12a4\u120d\u122a\u127d \u12cb\u1290\u129e\u1279 \u1270\u122d\u1313\u121a\u12ce\u1279 \u1213\u1302 \u1219\u1210\u1218\u12f5 \u1223\u1292 \u12a5\u1293 \u123c\u12bd \u1230\u12ed\u12f5 \u1219\u1210\u1218\u12f5 \u1233\u12f2\u1245 \u1218\u1206\u1293\u1278\u12cd\u1295 \u12a0\u1325\u1270\u12cd\u1275 \u12a0\u12ed\u12f0\u1208\u121d \u12ed\u1205\u1295\u1295 \u12e8\u121a\u12eb\u12f0\u122d\u1309\u1275\u1361\u1361 \u12a5\u122d\u1233\u1278\u12cd \u12d8\u12c8\u1275\u122d \u201c\u12a0\u1215\u1263\u123d \u12a5\u1293 \u12c8\u1203\u1262\u12eb\u201d \u12a5\u12eb\u1209 \u1260\u121a\u12eb\u1240\u122d\u1267\u1278\u12cd \u1218\u1323\u1325\u134e\u127d  <\/span>\u12cd\u1235\u1325 \u12a8\u134d\u1270\u129b \u12e8\u12a0\u1275\u12a9\u122e\u1275 \u121b\u12d5\u12a8\u120d \u12a0\u12f5\u122d\u1308\u12cd \u12e8\u1240\u1228\u133f\u1278\u12cd\u1295 \u1213\u1302 \u12e9\u1231\u134d \u12d0\u1265\u12f1\u122b\u1215\u121b\u1295\u1295 \u1208\u121b\u1325\u1246\u122d \u1232\u1209 \u1290\u12cd \u12a5\u1295\u12f2\u1205 \u12d3\u12ed\u1290\u1275 \u1273\u122a\u12ad \u12e8\u121a\u133d\u1349\u1275\u1361\u1361 \u12e8\u121a\u1308\u122d\u1218\u12cd \u12f0\u130d\u121e \u120c\u120e\u127d \u121d\u1201\u122b\u1295 \u12ed\u1205\u1295\u1291 \u12e8\u1203\u130b\u12ed \u12a4\u120d\u122a\u127d\u1295 \u1275\u1228\u12ab \u12a5\u1295\u12f0 \u12c8\u1228\u12f0 \u1270\u1240\u1265\u1208\u12cd \u121b\u1235\u1270\u130b\u1263\u1273\u1278\u12cd \u1290\u12cd\u1361\u1361 \u1208\u121d\u1233\u120c \u1355\u122e\u134c\u1230\u122d \u1353\u1275\u122a\u12ad \u12f4\u1235\u1355\u120b\u1275 \u12e8\u121a\u1263\u1209\u1275 \u1300\u122d\u1218\u1293\u12ca \u121d\u1201\u122d \u1260\u12a0\u1295\u12f5 \u133d\u1211\u134b\u1278\u12cd \u12a5\u1295\u12f2\u1205 \u12ed\u1209\u1293\u120d\u1361\u1361<\/span><\/span><\/div>\n
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\u201cHadj Y<\/span>u<\/span>suf became closer to the Ethiopian government and supervised the <\/span>fi<\/span>rst o<\/span>ffi<\/span>cial translation of the Qur<\/span>\u2019<\/span>an into Amharic, published in 1961\u201d.<\/span> <\/span><\/span><\/div>\n
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(Patrick Desplat, <\/span><\/span>The Articulation of Religious Identities and their Boundaries in Ethiopia: A Case Study on Harar, Journal of Religions in Africa, Lieden, 2005, pp 497)<\/span><\/div>\n
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  <\/span>\u12a5\u122d\u130d\u1325 \u1213\u1302 \u12e9\u1231\u134d \u1245\u12f1\u1235 \u1241\u122d\u12a3\u1295\u1295 \u12e8\u1218\u1270\u122d\u130e\u121d \u1265\u1243\u1275 \u12eb\u120b\u1278\u12cd \u12d3\u120a\u121d \u1290\u1260\u1229\u1361\u1361 \u12a8\u12a5\u12c9\u1241 \u12e8\u1218\u12f2\u1293 \u12e9\u1292\u1268\u122d\u1232\u1272 \u12e8\u1270\u1218\u1228\u1241 \u12e8\u1218\u1300\u1218\u122a\u12eb\u12cd \u12a2\u1275\u12ee\u1335\u12eb\u12ca \u12a8\u1218\u1206\u1293\u1278\u12cd\u121d \u1263\u123b\u1308\u122d \u12e8\u12a0\u121b\u122d\u129b \u124b\u1295\u124b \u12a5\u12cd\u1240\u1273\u1278\u12cd\u121d \u12a8\u134d\u1270\u129b \u1290\u1260\u1228\u1361\u1361 \u1260\u1205\u12ed\u12c8\u1275 \u1233\u1209\u121d \u1208\u12a2\u1275\u12ee\u1335\u12eb\u1295 \u1219\u1235\u120a\u121e\u127d \u1265\u12d9 \u12cd\u1208\u1273\u12ce\u127d\u1295 \u12cd\u1208\u12cb\u120d (\u12a0\u1295\u12f3\u1295\u12f6\u1279\u1295 \u1260\u1245\u122d\u1261 \u12a5\u1293\u12eb\u1278\u12cb\u1208\u1295)\u1361\u1361 \u1355\u122e\u134c\u1230\u122d \u1203\u130b\u12ed \u12a4\u120d\u122a\u127d \u12ed\u1205\u1295\u1295 \u12e8\u1210\u1230\u1275 \u1275\u1228\u12ab \u12e8\u1348\u1320\u1229\u1275 \u130d\u1295 \u1218\u120d\u12ab\u121d \u1235\u122b\u1278\u12cd\u1295 \u1208\u121b\u12cd\u1233\u1275 \u12a0\u1235\u1260\u12cd \u1233\u12ed\u1206\u1295 \u201c\u1213\u1302 \u12e9\u1231\u134d \u12e8\u1295\u1309\u1221 \u1240\u129d \u12a5\u1305 \u1290\u1260\u1229\u201d \u12e8\u121a\u1208\u12cd\u1295 \u12e8\u1270\u1243\u12cb\u121a\u12ce\u127b\u1278\u12cd\u1295 \u12ad\u1235 \u1208\u121b\u1320\u1293\u12a8\u122d \u1260\u121a\u120d \u1290\u12cd\u1361\u1361 <\/span><\/span><\/div>\n
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\u121b\u1295\u121d \u12eb\u123b\u12cd\u1295 \u12ed\u1260\u120d\u1361\u1361 \u1245\u12f1\u1235 \u1241\u122d\u12a3\u1295 \u12c8\u12f0 \u12a0\u121b\u122d\u129b \u12e8\u1270\u1270\u1228\u130e\u1218\u1260\u1275 \u1275\u12ad\u12ad\u1208\u129b\u12cd \u1202\u12f0\u1275 \u12a8\u120b\u12ed \u12e8\u1308\u1208\u133d\u12a9\u1275 \u1290\u12cd\u1361\u1361 \u1260\u12a5\u129b \u1260\u12a9\u120d \u1260\u1275\u122d\u1309\u121d \u1235\u122b\u12cd \u120b\u12ed \u1260\u1270\u1233\u1270\u1349\u1275 \u12d1\u1208\u121b\u12ce\u127b\u127d\u1295 \u1218\u12ab\u12a8\u120d \u12a0\u1295\u12f3\u127d \u120d\u12e9\u1290\u1275 \u12a0\u1293\u12f0\u122d\u130d\u121d\u1361\u1361 \u1201\u1208\u1271 \u1270\u122d\u1313\u121a\u12ce\u127d\u1364 \u1201\u1208\u1271 \u12a4\u12f2\u1270\u122e\u127d\u1293 \u12a8\u12e8\u12ad\u134d\u1208 \u1200\u1308\u1229 \u12e8\u1270\u1218\u1228\u1321\u1275 \u12a0\u121d\u1235\u1271 \u12a0\u122b\u121a\u12ce\u127d \u1260\u1219\u1209 \u1263\u1208\u12cd\u1208\u1273\u12ce\u127b\u127d\u1295 \u1260\u1218\u1206\u1293\u1278\u12cd \u12d8\u12c8\u1275\u122d \u12a5\u1293\u1235\u1273\u12cd\u1233\u1278\u12cb\u1208\u1295\u1361\u1361 \u12a0\u120b\u1205 \u12e8\u1260\u130e \u1235\u122b\u1278\u12cd\u1295 \u121d\u1295\u12f3 \u1260\u1300\u1295\u1290\u1275 \u12ed\u12ad\u1348\u120b\u1278\u12cd\u1361\u1361 \u12a0\u121a\u1295!!<\/span><\/span><\/div>\n

——<\/span>
\u12a0\u1348\u1295\u12f2 \u1219\u1270\u1242<\/span>
\u1273\u1215\u1233\u1235 22\/2007<\/span>
\u1200\u1228\u122d-\u121d\u1225\u122b\u1245 \u12a2\u1275\u12ee\u1335\u12eb<\/span> <\/p>\n

——-<\/span><\/div>\n
\u121d\u1295\u132e\u127d<\/span><\/div>\n
1.      <\/span><\/span><\/span>\u1245\u12f1\u1235 \u1241\u122d\u12a3\u1295\u1361 \u12e8\u12a0\u121b\u122d\u129b \u1275\u122d\u1309\u121d \u1260\u1230\u12ed\u12f5 \u1219\u1210\u1218\u12f5 \u1233\u12f2\u1245 \u12a5\u1293 \u1210\u1302 \u1219\u1210\u1218\u12f5 \u1223\u1292 \u1210\u1262\u1265\u1363 1961\u1363 \u12a0\u12f2\u1235 \u12a0\u1260\u1263<\/span><\/div>\n
2.     <\/span><\/span><\/span>\u201c\u1262\u120b\u120d \u1218\u133d\u1214\u1275\u201d\u1361 \u1245\u133d 1\u1361 \u1241\u1325\u122d 9\u1361 \u130d\u1295\u1266\u1275 1985<\/span><\/div>\n
3.     <\/span><\/span><\/span>\u1262\u120b\u120d \u1218\u133d\u1214\u1275\u1361 \u1245\u133d 1\u1361 \u1241\u1325\u122d 11\u1361 \u1210\u121d\u120c 1985<\/span><\/div>\n
4.      <\/span><\/span><\/span>Patrick Desplat, <\/span><\/span>The Articulation of Religious Identities and their Boundaries in Ethiopia: A Case Study on Harar, Journal of Religions in Africa, Lieden, 2005<\/span><\/div>\n
5.     <\/span><\/span><\/span>Haggai Elrich: Islam and Christianity in the Horn of Africa, <\/span>Lynne Rienner Publishers, Inc, <\/span>Boulder, 2010<\/span><\/div>\n
6.    <\/span><\/span><\/span>Haggai Elrich: Saudi Arabia and Ethiopia, 2003, London <\/span><\/div>\n
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——<\/span><\/div>\n
Afendi Muteki is a researcher and author of the ethnography and history with special focus on the peoples of East Ethiopia. You may follow him on his blog and his facebook page by clicking the following links<\/span><\/span><\/div>\n
Facebook  <\/span><\/span>https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/afendimutekiharar<\/span><\/a><\/span><\/div>\n
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Blog:  <\/span><\/span>https:\/\/afendimutekiharar.blogspot.com<\/span><\/a><\/span><\/div>\n
<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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ጸሐፊ፡ አፈንዲ ሙተቂ<\/span><\/span><\/div>\n
—–<\/span><\/span><\/div>\n
ቅዱስ ቁርኣን በአማርኛ እንዲተረጎም ትዕዛዝ ያስተላለፉት ቀዳማዊ ኃይለ ሥላሤ ነበሩ፡፡ ቀዳማዊ ኃይለ ሥላሤ ትዕዛዙን የሰጡት ወዳጆቻቸው ከነበሩት የግብጹ መሪ ጀማል አብዱናሲር እና የሳዑዲ ዐረቢያው ንጉሥ ፈይሰል ቢን ዐብዱል አዚዝ “ኢትዮጵያዊያን ሙስሊሞች እምነታቸውን በራሳቸው ቋንቋ እንዲማሩ ሊደረግ ይገባል” የሚል ጫና ስለመጣባቸው እንጂ በራሳቸው ተነሳሽነት አልነበረም፡፡ ቢሆንም ንጉሡ እንዲህ ዓይነት ስራዎች መፈጸማቸውን ቀርቶ መታሰባቸውን እንኳ እንደ ድፍረት ይቆጥሩ የነበሩትን የወግ አጥባቂ መኳንንትና መሳፍንትን ተቃውሞ ሳይፈሩ ስራው እንዲጀመር በመወሰናቸው ሊመሰገኑ ይገባል፡፡<\/span><\/span><\/div>\n
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ቀዳማዊ ኃይለ ሥላሤ ትእዛዙን ያስተላለፉት ሐምሌ 18\/1958 በተጻፈ ደብዳቤ ነበር፡፡ የንጉሡን ደብዳቤ በመንተራሰስ ስራው እንዲጀመር ያደረጉት ደግሞ በወቅቱ የትምህርት ሚኒስትር የነበሩት ዶ\/ር ምናሴ ሃይሌ ናቸው፡፡ ዶ\/ር ምናሴ በተርጓሚነት የመረጡት ከአል-አዝሃር ዩኒቨርሲቲ ተመርቀው በማስታወቂያ ሚኒስቴር ስር የሚታተመው የ“አል-ዐለም” ጋዜጣ ምክትል ዋና አዘጋጅ በመሆን ይሰሩ የነበሩትን ሐጂ በሺር ዳውድን ነው (ሐጂ በሺር እስከ ቅርብ ጊዜ ድረስ በፈረንሳይ ለጋሲዮን አካባቢ የተገነባው ትልቅ መስጂድ ኢማም እንደነበሩ አውቃለሁ፤ በሚዲያም አንድ ሁለቴ አይቼአቸኋለሁ፤ አሁን በህይወት ይኖሩ ይሆን?… እስቲ መረጃ ካላችሁ አቀብሉን)፡፡<\/span><\/span><\/div>\n
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ሐጂ በሽር ከዶ\/ር ምናሴ የተሰጣቸውን አመራር በግርድፉ አልተቀበሉትም፡፡ “ቁርኣንን መተርጎም ሌሎች መጽሐፍትን እንደ መተርጎም ተደርጎ ሊታይ አይገባም፤ በሀገር አቀፍ ደረጃ ኮሚቴ ተዋቅሮ ኮሚቴው በሚሰጠው መመሪያ መሰረት ነው መሰራት ያለበት” የሚል ምላሽ ነበር የሰጡት፡፡ አባባላቸው ተቀባይነት በማግኘቱም የቁርኣን ትርጉም ኮሚቴው ተዋቀረ፡፡ ከሀገር አቀፉ ኮሚቴ አባላት መካከል እንደርሳቸው የአል-አዝሃር ዩኒቨርሲቲ ምሩቅ የነበሩት ሼኽ ዓብዱል ከሪም ኑርሑሴን እና ሙሴ ሰሊም ቡሽቅራ ይጠቀሳሉ፡፡ <\/span><\/span><\/div>\n
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  <\/span>ኮሚቴው የትርጉሙን ስራ በብቃት ማከናወን የሚችሉ ዓሊሞችን ማፈላለግ ጀመረ፡፡ በወቅቱ ትልቁ ችግር የነበረው በእስላማዊ እውቀትም ሆነ በዓለማዊ ትምህርቱ ብቁ የሆነ ዓሊም ማግኘት ነበር፡፡ በተለይም አማርኛ ቋንቋን አስተካክሎ ከመጻፍ ጀምሮ የቋንቋውን የሰዋስው እና የስነ-ልሳን ህግጋትን ጠንቅቆ የሚያውቅ ዓሊም ማግኘቱ አስፈላጊ ነበር፡፡ ብዙዎቹ ዓሊሞቻችን የመጀመሪያውን መስፈርት ቢያሟሉም የኋለኛው ይጎድላቸው ነበር፡፡ ሆኖም ኮሚቴው በሓጂ በሺር ዳውድ ጠቋሚነት ሁለት ሰዎችን አገኘ፡፡ እነርሱም በጊዜው በደሴ ከተማ በሚገኘው የወይዘሮ ስሒን ትምህርት ቤት የሚያስተምሩት ሓጂ ሙሐመድ ሣኒ ሐቢብ እና የሸሪዓ ፍርድ ቤት ዳኛ የነበሩት ሼኽ ሰይድ ሙሐመድ ሳዲቅ ነበሩ፡፡ በዚህ መሰረት ሁለቱ ዓሊሞች ዋና ተርጓሚ ሆነው ስራቸውን ጀመሩ፡፡ ሓጂ በሺር ዳውድ እና ሼኽ ዐብዱል ከሪም ኑርሑሴን ደግሞ ተባባሪ ኤዲተሮች ሆነው እንዲሰሩ ተመደቡ፡፡ <\/span><\/span><\/div>\n
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ተርጓሚዎቹ ከኤዲተሮቹ ጋር በቅርበት እየሰሩ በአስራ አምስት ወራት ውስጥ ስራቸውን አጠናቀቁት፡፡ ሆኖም ከየክፍለ ሀገሩ የተመረጡ ዑለማ የትርጉሙን ረቂቅ አንብበው የእርማትና የማሻሻያ ሓሳቦችን እንዲሰጡበት ያስፈልጋል የሚል ሃሳብ ተሰነዘረ፡፡ በዚሁ መሰረት የሚከተሉት ታላላቅ ዑለማ ወደ ኮሚቴው ቀርበው ረቂቅ ስራውን በማንበብ ሃሳባቸውን እንዲሰጡበት ተደረገ፡፡<\/span><\/span><\/div>\n
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ሼኽ ቡሽረል ከሪም ሙስጠፋ (ከወሎ)<\/span><\/span><\/div>\n
ሓጂ ዩሱፍ ዐብዱራሕማን ገራድ (ከሀረርጌ)<\/span><\/span><\/div>\n
ቃዲ ሙሐመድ ዐብዱራሕማን (ከትግራይ)<\/span><\/span><\/div>\n
ሓጂ አሕመድ ዳለቲ (ከሸዋ)<\/span><\/span><\/div>\n
ሓጂ መንዛረሁ ከቢር ሑሴን (ከአርሲ)<\/span><\/span><\/div>\n
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በመጨረሻም ተርጓሚዎቹ ከአምስቱ ዑለማዎች የተሰጡትን አስተያየቶችና ሌሎች የማሻሻያ ሃሳቦችን በመቀበል ረቂቁን አርመው አዘጋጁ፡፡ አሁን በእጃችን ላይ የሚገኘው የቅዱስ ቁርኣን የአማርኛ ትርጉምም በ1961 የመጀመሪያ ወራት ውስጥ ለህትመት በቃ፡፡<\/span><\/span><\/div>\n
—–<\/span><\/span><\/div>\n
ቅዱስ ቁርኣን በአማርኛ የተተረጎመበት ሂደት ከብዙ በጥቂቱ ይህንን ይመስላል፡፡ ይሁንና አንዳንድ ጸሐፊዎችና ደራሲዎች ይህንን ታሪክ እንዳሻቸው ሲጽፉት ተመልክተናል፡፡ ለምሳሌ ፕሮፌሰር ሃጋይ ኤልሪችን የመሳሰሉ ፀሐፍት የትርጉም ስራው ባለቤትና መሪ አድርገው የሚጠቅሱት ተርጓሚዎቹ ረቂቁን ከጨረሱ በኋላ በኮሚቴው ጋባዥነት ሃሳባቸውን ከሰጡት አምስት ዑለማ መካከል አንዱ የነበሩትን  <\/span>ሓጂ ዩሱፍ ዐብዱራሕማንን ነው፡፡ ፕሮፌሰር ኤልሪች ዋነኞቹ ተርጓሚዎቹ ሓጂ ሙሐመድ ሣኒ እና ሼኽ ሰይድ ሙሐመድ ሳዲቅ መሆናቸውን አጥተውት አይደለም ይህንን የሚያደርጉት፡፡ እርሳቸው ዘወትር “አሕባሽ እና ወሃቢያ” እያሉ በሚያቀርቧቸው መጣጥፎች  <\/span>ውስጥ ከፍተኛ የአትኩሮት ማዕከል አድርገው የቀረጿቸውን ሓጂ ዩሱፍ ዐብዱራሕማንን ለማጥቆር ሲሉ ነው እንዲህ ዓይነት ታሪክ የሚጽፉት፡፡ የሚገርመው ደግሞ ሌሎች ምሁራን ይህንኑ የሃጋይ ኤልሪችን ትረካ እንደ ወረደ ተቀብለው ማስተጋባታቸው ነው፡፡ ለምሳሌ ፕሮፌሰር ፓትሪክ ዴስፕላት የሚባሉት ጀርመናዊ ምሁር በአንድ ጽሑፋቸው እንዲህ ይሉናል፡፡<\/span><\/span><\/div>\n
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“Hadj Y<\/span>u<\/span>suf became closer to the Ethiopian government and supervised the <\/span>fi<\/span>rst o<\/span>ffi<\/span>cial translation of the Qur<\/span>’<\/span>an into Amharic, published in 1961”.<\/span> <\/span><\/span><\/div>\n
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(Patrick Desplat, <\/span><\/span>The Articulation of Religious Identities and their Boundaries in Ethiopia: A Case Study on Harar, Journal of Religions in Africa, Lieden, 2005, pp 497)<\/span><\/div>\n
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  <\/span>እርግጥ ሓጂ ዩሱፍ ቅዱስ ቁርኣንን የመተርጎም ብቃት ያላቸው ዓሊም ነበሩ፡፡ ከእዉቁ የመዲና ዩኒቨርሲቲ የተመረቁ የመጀመሪያው ኢትዮጵያዊ ከመሆናቸውም ባሻገር የአማርኛ ቋንቋ እውቀታቸውም ከፍተኛ ነበረ፡፡ በህይወት ሳሉም ለኢትዮጵያን ሙስሊሞች ብዙ ውለታዎችን ውለዋል (አንዳንዶቹን በቅርቡ እናያቸዋለን)፡፡ ፕሮፌሰር ሃጋይ ኤልሪች ይህንን የሐሰት ትረካ የፈጠሩት ግን መልካም ስራቸውን ለማውሳት አስበው ሳይሆን “ሓጂ ዩሱፍ የንጉሡ ቀኝ እጅ ነበሩ” የሚለውን የተቃዋሚዎቻቸውን ክስ ለማጠናከር በሚል ነው፡፡ <\/span><\/span><\/div>\n
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ማንም ያሻውን ይበል፡፡ ቅዱስ ቁርኣን ወደ አማርኛ የተተረጎመበት ትክክለኛው ሂደት ከላይ የገለጽኩት ነው፡፡ በእኛ በኩል በትርጉም ስራው ላይ በተሳተፉት ዑለማዎቻችን መካከል አንዳች ልዩነት አናደርግም፡፡ ሁለቱ ተርጓሚዎች፤ ሁለቱ ኤዲተሮችና ከየክፍለ ሀገሩ የተመረጡት አምስቱ አራሚዎች በሙሉ ባለውለታዎቻችን በመሆናቸው ዘወትር እናስታውሳቸዋለን፡፡ አላህ የበጎ ስራቸውን ምንዳ በጀንነት ይክፈላቸው፡፡ አሚን!!<\/span><\/span><\/div>\n

——<\/span>
አፈንዲ ሙተቂ<\/span>
ታሕሳስ 22\/2007<\/span>
ሀረር-ምሥራቅ ኢትዮጵያ<\/span><\/p>\n

——-<\/span><\/div>\n
ምንጮች<\/span><\/div>\n
1.      <\/span><\/span><\/span>ቅዱስ ቁርኣን፡ የአማርኛ ትርጉም በሰይድ ሙሐመድ ሳዲቅ እና ሐጂ ሙሐመድ ሣኒ ሐቢብ፣ 1961፣ አዲስ አበባ<\/span><\/div>\n
2.     <\/span><\/span><\/span>“ቢላል መጽሔት”፡ ቅጽ 1፡ ቁጥር 9፡ ግንቦት 1985<\/span><\/div>\n
3.     <\/span><\/span><\/span>ቢላል መጽሔት፡ ቅጽ 1፡ ቁጥር 11፡ ሐምሌ 1985<\/span><\/div>\n
4.      <\/span><\/span><\/span>Patrick Desplat, <\/span><\/span>The Articulation of Religious Identities and their Boundaries in Ethiopia: A Case Study on Harar, Journal of Religions in Africa, Lieden, 2005<\/span><\/div>\n
5.     <\/span><\/span><\/span>Haggai Elrich: Islam and Christianity in the Horn of Africa, <\/span>Lynne Rienner Publishers, Inc, <\/span>Boulder, 2010<\/span><\/div>\n
6.    <\/span><\/span><\/span>Haggai Elrich: Saudi Arabia and Ethiopia, 2003, London <\/span><\/div>\n
<\/div>\n
——<\/span><\/div>\n
Afendi Muteki is a researcher and author of the ethnography and history with special focus on the peoples of East Ethiopia. You may follow him on his blog and his facebook page by clicking the following links<\/span><\/span><\/div>\n
Facebook  <\/span><\/span>https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/afendimutekiharar<\/span><\/a><\/span><\/div>\n
<\/div>\n
Blog:  <\/span><\/span>https:\/\/afendimutekiharar.blogspot.com<\/span><\/a><\/span><\/div>\n
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