{"id":298416,"date":"2014-08-24T11:50:00","date_gmt":"2014-08-24T16:50:00","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.mereja.com\/amharic\/?guid=64c95e82987fef23c6ac814161f81fd4"},"modified":"2014-08-24T11:50:00","modified_gmt":"2014-08-24T16:50:00","slug":"%e1%8b%a8%e1%8b%90%e1%8c%80%e1%88%9d-%e1%8a%a0%e1%8c%bb%e1%8c%bb%e1%8d%8d-%e1%88%b5%e1%88%ad%e1%8b%93%e1%89%b3%e1%89%bd%e1%8a%95-%e1%89%a0%e1%8c%a8%e1%88%a8%e1%8d%8d%e1%89%b3","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/mereja.net\/amharic\/298416","title":{"rendered":"\u12e8\u201c\u12d0\u1300\u121d\u201d \u12a0\u133b\u133b\u134d \u1235\u122d\u12d3\u1273\u127d\u1295 \u1260\u1328\u1228\u134d\u1273 \u1232\u12f3\u1230\u1235"},"content":{"rendered":"
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\u1338\u1210\u134a\u1361 \u12a0\u1348\u1295\u12f2 \u1219\u1270\u1242<\/span><\/div>\n
—–<\/o:p><\/span><\/div>\n
\u201c\u12d0\u1300\u121d\u201d \u1260\u12d0\u1228\u1265\u129b \u201c\u1263\u12d5\u12f5 \u12e8\u1206\u1290\u201d \u121b\u1208\u1275 \u1290\u12cd\u1361\u1361 \u12ed\u1205\u121d \u1260\u1325\u1295\u1270 \u121b\u1295\u1290\u1271 \u12d0\u1228\u1263\u12ca \u12eb\u120d\u1206\u1290 \u1205\u12dd\u1265\u1293 \u1200\u1308\u122d \u1208\u121b\u1208\u1275 \u1290\u12cd\u1361\u1361 \u12ed\u1201\u1295\u1293 \u201c\u12d0\u1300\u121d\u201d \u12e8\u121a\u1208\u12cd \u1243\u120d \u1260\u12d0\u1228\u1265\u129b \u1235\u1290-\u133d\u1211\u134d \u12cd\u1235\u1325 \u1260\u1235\u134b\u1275 \u12e8\u121a\u12eb\u1308\u1208\u130d\u1208\u12cd \u12d0\u1228\u1265 \u12eb\u120d\u1206\u1291 \u1219\u1235\u120a\u121e\u127d\u1295 \u1208\u121b\u1218\u120d\u12a8\u1275 \u1290\u12cd\u1361\u1361 \u1260\u12da\u1205\u121d \u1218\u1230\u1228\u1275 \u12a2\u122b\u1295\u1363 \u1271\u122d\u12ad\u1363 \u12a2\u1295\u12f6\u1294\u12da\u12eb\u1363 \u121b\u120c\u12e5\u12eb\u1363 \u1353\u12aa\u1235\u1273\u1295\u1363 \u1263\u1295\u130d\u120b\u12f2\u123d \u12c8\u12d8\u1270\u2026. \u12d0\u1300\u121d \u1293\u1278\u12cd \u121b\u1208\u1275 \u1290\u12cd\u1361\u1361  <\/o:p><\/span><\/div>\n
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   \u12c8\u12f0 \u1200\u1308\u122b\u127d\u1295 \u1235\u1295\u1218\u1323 \u130d\u1295 \u201c\u12d0\u1300\u121d\u201d \u120c\u120b \u1270\u120d\u12d5\u12ae \u12eb\u1208\u12cd \u1243\u120d \u1206\u1296 \u12a5\u1293\u1308\u1298\u12cb\u1208\u1295\u1361\u1361 \u12ed\u1205\u121d \u12e8\u1200\u1308\u122b\u127d\u1295 \u124b\u1295\u124b\u12ce\u127d \u1260\u12d0\u1228\u1265\u129b \u1206\u1204\u12eb\u1275 \u12e8\u121a\u133b\u1349\u1260\u1275\u1295 \u1235\u122d\u12d3\u1270-\u134a\u12f0\u120b\u1275 \u1290\u12cd \u12e8\u121a\u12eb\u1218\u1208\u12ad\u1270\u12cd\u1361\u1361 \u12a6\u122e\u121d\u129b\u1363 \u12a0\u121b\u122d\u129b\u1363 \u12a0\u134b\u122d\u129b\u1293 \u1236\u121b\u120a\u129b \u1260\u12da\u1205 \u1235\u122d\u12d3\u1270 \u133d\u1211\u134d \u12ed\u133b\u1349 \u1290\u1260\u122d\u1361\u1361 \u12db\u122c\u121d \u1260\u122d\u12ab\u1273 \u12e8\u12a5\u1235\u120d\u121d\u1293 \u120a\u1243\u12cd\u1295\u1275 \u1260\u12d0\u1300\u121d \u12a0\u133b\u133b\u134d \u1235\u122d\u12d3\u1275 \u12ed\u1320\u1240\u121b\u1209\u1361\u1361 \u1273\u12f2\u12eb \u12a5\u1290\u12da\u1205 \u1201\u1209 \u124b\u1295\u124b\u12ce\u127d \u12e8\u121a\u133b\u1349\u1260\u1275 \u201c\u1235\u122d\u12d3\u1270 \u134a\u12f0\u120b\u1275\u201d \u1260\u12c8\u120d \u201c\u12d0\u1300\u121d\u201d \u1270\u1265\u1208\u12cd \u1262\u1320\u1229\u121d \u1260\u121a\u12ed\u12df\u1278\u12cd \u12e8\u1206\u1204\u12eb\u1275 \u1265\u12db\u1275 \u12ed\u1208\u12eb\u12eb\u1209\u1361\u1361 \u12ed\u1205\u121d \u12a8\u124b\u1295\u124b\u12ce\u1279 \u12e8\u1235\u1290-\u12f5\u121d\u133d \u1263\u1205\u122a \u130b\u122d \u1260\u1240\u1325\u1273 \u12ed\u12db\u1218\u12f3\u120d\u1361\u1361 \u1208\u121d\u1233\u120c \u12a6\u122e\u121d\u129b \u12e8\u121a\u133b\u134d\u1260\u1275 \u12e8\u201c\u12d0\u1300\u121d\u201d \u1235\u122d\u12d3\u1275 \u1236\u121b\u120a\u129b \u1260\u121a\u133b\u134d\u1260\u1275 \u201c\u12d0\u1300\u121d\u201d \u12cd\u1235\u1325 \u12e8\u120c\u1209 (\u201c\u1328\u201d\u1363 \u201c\u1298\u201d\u1363 \u1330 \u12e8\u1270\u1230\u1299\u1275\u1295 \u12f5\u121d\u133e\u127d \u12e8\u121a\u12c8\u12ad\u1209) \u1236\u1230\u1275 \u134a\u12f0\u120b\u1275 \u12a0\u1209\u1275\u1361\u1361 \u12e8\u12a0\u121b\u122d\u129b\u12cd \u12d0\u1300\u121d\u121d \u1260\u12a6\u122e\u121d\u129b\u12cd \u201c\u12d0\u1300\u121d\u201d \u12cd\u1235\u1325 \u12e8\u120c\u1209 \u1201\u1208\u1275 \u134a\u12f0\u120b\u1275 (\u201c\u12e0\u201d \u12a5\u1293 \u201c\u1338\u201d) \u12a0\u1209\u1275\u1361\u1361 <\/o:p><\/span><\/div>\n
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    \u1208\u1218\u1206\u1291 \u12e8\u12d0\u1300\u121d \u12a0\u133b\u133b\u134d \u1235\u122d\u12d3\u1275 \u1232\u1230\u122b\u1260\u1275 \u12e8\u1290\u1260\u1228\u12cd \u12a5\u1295\u12f4\u1275 \u1290\u12cd?\u2026.. \u1275\u121d\u1205\u122d\u1271\u1235 \u12a5\u1295\u12f4\u1275 \u1290\u1260\u122d \u12e8\u121a\u1230\u1320\u12cd? \u1260\u120d\u1305\u1290\u1274 \u12e8\u1270\u121b\u122d\u12a9\u1275\u1295 \u12e8\u12a6\u122e\u121d\u129b\u12cd\u1295 \u201c\u12d0\u1300\u121d\u201d \u12a5\u1295\u12f0\u121d\u1233\u120c \u120d\u12cd\u1230\u12f5\u1293 \u1208\u121b\u1235\u1228\u12f3\u1275 \u120d\u121e\u12ad\u122d\u1361\u1361<\/o:p><\/span><\/div>\n
 <\/span>*****<\/o:p><\/span><\/b><\/div>\n
   \u1260\u121d\u1235\u122b\u1241 \u12e8\u12a2\u1275\u12ee\u1335\u12eb \u12ad\u120d\u120d \u1208\u1228\u1305\u121d \u12d8\u1218\u1293\u1275 \u134a\u12f0\u120d \u12e8\u121b\u1235\u1320\u1293\u1275 \u1270\u130d\u1263\u122d \u1232\u1348\u133d\u1219 \u12e8\u1296\u1229\u1275 \u201c\u1241\u122d\u12a3\u1295 \u130c\u12ed\u201d \u12e8\u121a\u1263\u1209 \u12e8\u1275\u121d\u1205\u122d\u1275 \u121b\u12d5\u12a8\u120b\u1275 \u1293\u1278\u12cd\u1361\u1361 \u1260\u1290\u12da\u1205 \u121b\u12d5\u12a8\u120b\u1275 \u12e8\u121a\u1230\u1320\u12cd \u1275\u121d\u1205\u122d\u1275 \u12cb\u1290\u129b \u12d3\u120b\u121b \u1205\u133b\u1293\u1275 \u1245\u12f1\u1235 \u1241\u122d\u12a3\u1295\u1295 \u1260\u122b\u1233\u1278\u12cd \u1265\u127b ( \u12eb\u1208\u121d\u1295\u121d \u1228\u12f3\u1275) \u12e8\u121b\u1295\u1260\u1265 \u127d\u120e\u1273 \u12a5\u1295\u12f2\u1296\u122b\u1278\u12cd \u121b\u12f5\u1228\u130d \u1290\u12cd\u1361\u1361 \u1260\u1218\u1206\u1291\u121d \u12c8\u12f0 \u1241\u122d\u12a3\u1295 \u130c\u12ed \u1208\u1275\u121d\u1205\u122d\u1275 \u12e8\u1218\u1323 \u1270\u121b\u122a \u1260\u1245\u12f5\u121a\u12eb \u12e8\u12d0\u1228\u1265\u129b \u134a\u12f0\u120b\u1275\u1295 \u12a5\u1295\u12f2\u1208\u12ed \u12a5\u1293 \u12e8\u1270\u121b\u122b\u1278\u12cd\u1295 \u134a\u12f0\u120b\u1275 \u1218\u120d\u1236 \u12a5\u1295\u12f2\u133d\u134d \u12ed\u12f0\u1228\u130b\u120d\u1361\u1361 \u12a8\u12da\u12eb\u121d \u12c8\u12f0 \u1241\u122d\u12a3\u1295 \u121d\u1295\u1263\u1265 \u1275\u121d\u1205\u122d\u1275 \u12ed\u1238\u130b\u1308\u122b\u120d\u1361\u1361<\/o:p><\/span><\/div>\n
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   \u1273\u12f2\u12eb \u12e8\u1241\u122d\u12a3\u1295 \u130c\u12ed \u1270\u121b\u122a \u12e8\u121a\u121b\u1228\u12cd \u12e8\u1241\u122d\u12a0\u1295 \u121d\u1295\u1263\u1265 \u1275\u121d\u1205\u122d\u1275\u1295 \u1265\u127b \u12a0\u12ed\u12f0\u1208\u121d\u1361\u1361 \u12a8\u1241\u122d\u12a3\u1295 \u1275\u121d\u1205\u122d\u1275 \u1260\u1270\u1328\u121b\u122a \u12e8\u12d0\u1242\u12f3 (\u1235\u1290-\u1218\u1208\u12ae\u1275)\u1363 \u12e8\u134a\u1242\u1205 (\u12a5\u1235\u120b\u121b\u12ca \u12f5\u1295\u130b\u130c)\u1363 \u12e8\u1202\u1233\u1265 \u12a5\u1293 \u12e8\u12b8\u1325 (\u12e8\u12d0\u1228\u1265\u129b \u134a\u12f0\u120b\u1275 \u12a0\u1323\u1323\u120d) \u1275\u121d\u1205\u122d\u1276\u127d\u121d \u12ed\u1230\u1323\u1209\u1361\u1361 \u12a8\u12da\u1201 \u130e\u1295 \u1208\u130e\u1295 \u1260\u1275\u121d\u1205\u122d\u1273\u1278\u12cd \u130e\u1260\u12dd \u12e8\u1206\u1291 \u120d\u1306\u127d \u12a5\u12e8\u1270\u1218\u1228\u1321 \u12e8\u201c\u12d0\u1300\u121d\u201d \u1235\u122d\u12d3\u1270 \u133d\u1215\u1348\u1275\u1295 \u12a5\u1295\u12f2\u121b\u1229 \u12ed\u12f0\u1228\u130b\u120d\u1361\u1361 \u12e8\u12da\u1205 \u1235\u122d\u12d3\u1270 \u133d\u1215\u1348\u1275 \u12d3\u120b\u121b \u1270\u121b\u122a\u12cd \u12e8\u12a0\u134d \u1218\u134d\u127b \u124b\u1295\u124b\u12cd \u12e8\u1206\u1290\u12cd\u1295 \u12a6\u122e\u121d\u129b\u1295 \u1260\u12d0\u1228\u1265\u129b \u134a\u12f0\u120b\u1275 \u1218\u133b\u134d \u12a5\u1295\u12f2\u127d\u120d \u121b\u12f5\u1228\u130d \u1290\u12cd\u1361\u1361 <\/o:p><\/span><\/div>\n
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    \u12e8\u12d0\u1300\u121d \u1235\u122d\u12d3\u1270 \u134a\u12f0\u120b\u1275 \u1218\u1290\u123b \u12e8\u12d0\u1228\u1265\u129b\u12cd \u12e8\u134a\u12f0\u120d \u1308\u1260\u1273 \u1290\u12cd\u1361\u1361 \u1260\u12d0\u1228\u1265\u129b\u12cd \u12e8\u134a\u12f0\u120d \u1308\u1260\u1273 \u120b\u12ed \u12eb\u1209\u1275 \u1200\u12eb \u1235\u121d\u1295\u1275 \u134a\u12f0\u120b\u1275 \u1260\u1219\u1209 \u12e8\u12a6\u122e\u121d\u129b\u12cd \u201c\u12d0\u1300\u121d\u201d \u12a0\u12ab\u120b\u1275 \u1293\u1278\u12cd\u1361\u1361 \u1260\u1270\u1328\u121b\u122a\u121d \u1260\u12d0\u1228\u1265\u129b \u12cd\u1235\u1325 \u12e8\u121b\u12ed\u1308\u1299 \u1235\u12f5\u1235\u1275 \u12e8\u12a6\u122e\u121d\u129b \u12f5\u121d\u133e\u127d\u1295  \u12e8\u121a\u12c8\u12ad\u1209 \u201c\u12cd\u120d\u12f5\u201d \u134a\u12f0\u120b\u1275 \u1270\u1240\u122d\u1338\u12cd \u12e8\u1235\u122d\u12d3\u1270 \u133d\u1211\u1349 \u12a0\u12ab\u120b\u1275 \u1270\u12f0\u122d\u1308\u12cb\u120d\u1361\u1361 \u1260\u12d0\u1228\u1265\u129b \u12cd\u1235\u1325 \u12e8\u120c\u1209\u1275 \u1235\u12f5\u1235\u1275 \u12e8\u12a6\u122e\u121d\u129b \u12f5\u121d\u133e\u127d \u12a8\u12d0\u1228\u1265\u129b \u1206\u1204\u12eb\u1275 \u1260\u1270\u122b\u1261 \u201c\u12cd\u120d\u12f5\u201d \u134a\u12f0\u120b\u1275 \u1232\u12c8\u12a8\u1209 \u12e8\u121a\u12a8\u1270\u1208\u12cd\u1295 \u12ed\u1218\u1235\u120b\u1209\u1361\u1361<\/o:p><\/span><\/div>\n
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\u12f8\/Dh= <\/span>\u068e<\/span><\/o:p><\/span><\/div>\n
\u1308\/G= <\/span>\u075e<\/span><\/o:p><\/span><\/div>\n
\u1328\/C= <\/span>\u069f<\/span><\/o:p><\/span><\/div>\n
\u1330\/Ph= <\/span>\u067b<\/span><\/o:p><\/span><\/div>\n
\u1298\/Ny= <\/span>\u067f<\/span><\/o:p><\/span><\/div>\n
\u1278\/Ch= <\/span>\u075c<\/o:p><\/span><\/div>\n
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  \u12a5\u1290\u12da\u1205 \u12cd\u120d\u12f5 \u134a\u12f0\u120b\u1275 \u12e8\u1270\u1240\u1228\u1339\u1275 \u1260\u12f5\u121d\u133d \u12e8\u121a\u1240\u122d\u1267\u1278\u12cd\u1295 \u12e8\u12d0\u1228\u1265\u129b \u134a\u12f0\u120b\u1275 \u1218\u1290\u123b \u1260\u121b\u12f5\u1228\u130d \u1290\u12cd\u1361\u1361 \u1208\u121d\u1233\u120c \u201c\u1308\u201d \u1260\u12f5\u121d\u1339 \u1208\u12d0\u1228\u1265\u129b\u12cd \u201c<\/span>\ufecd<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u201d \u12ed\u1240\u122d\u1263\u120d\u1361\u1361 \u1260\u1218\u1206\u1291\u121d \u1260\u12da\u1201 \u134a\u12f0\u120d \u120b\u12ed \u1201\u1208\u1275 \u1290\u1325\u1266\u127d \u1270\u1328\u121d\u1228\u12cd \u12e8\u201c\u1308\u201d \u12c8\u12aa\u120d \u1206\u1296 \u12e8\u121a\u12eb\u1308\u1208\u130d\u120d <\/span>\u06a0 <\/span><\/span><\/span> <\/span>\u12e8\u121a\u1263\u120d \u12cd\u120d\u12f5 \u134a\u12f0\u120d \u1270\u1348\u1325\u122f\u120d\u1361\u1361<\/o:p><\/span><\/div>\n
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   \u12a8\u120b\u12ed \u12a5\u1295\u12f0\u1320\u1246\u121d\u12a9\u1275 \u12e8\u12a6\u122e\u121d\u129b\u12cd \u12e8\u201c\u12d0\u1300\u121d\u201d \u1235\u122d\u12d3\u1270 \u134a\u12f0\u120b\u1275 \u1260\u12d0\u1228\u1265\u129b\u12cd \u12e8\u134a\u12f0\u120d \u1308\u1260\u1273 \u120b\u12ed \u12e8\u120c\u1209\u1275\u1295\u1293 \u201c\u12f8<\/span>\u201d<\/span>\u1363 <\/span>\u201c<\/span>\u1308\u201d\u1363 \u201c\u1328\u201d\u1363 \u201c\u1330\u201d\u1363 \u201c\u1298\u201d \u12a5\u1293 \u201c\u1278\u201d \u12e8\u1270\u1230\u1299 \u1235\u12f5\u1235\u1275 \u12e8\u12a6\u122e\u121d\u129b \u12f5\u121d\u133e\u127d\u1295 \u12e8\u121a\u12c8\u12ad\u1209 \u12cd\u120d\u12f5 \u134a\u12f0\u120b\u1275\u1295 \u1260\u1218\u1245\u1228\u133d \u12e8\u1270\u1348\u1320\u1228 \u1290\u12cd\u1361\u1361 \u1273\u12f2\u12eb \u1270\u121b\u122a\u12ce\u127d \u12a5\u1290\u12da\u1205\u1295 \u134a\u12f0\u120b\u1275 \u1260\u1240\u120b\u1209 \u12a5\u1295\u12f2\u12eb\u1235\u1273\u12cd\u1237\u1278\u12cd \u1208\u1218\u122d\u12f3\u1275 \u1232\u1263\u120d \u12e8\u1200\u1228\u122d\u130c \u12d1\u1208\u121b \u201c\u12f8\u130b \u1328\u1333 \u129b\u1279\u201d<\/i> \u12e8\u121a\u120d \u12d0\u1228\u134d\u1270 \u1290\u1308\u122d \u1348\u1325\u1228\u12cb\u120d\u1361\u1361 \u1260\u12a0\u121b\u122d\u129b \u201c\u12e8\u1270\u1230\u1260\u1228 \u12f5\u1295\u130b\u12ed \u1218\u1265\u120b\u1275\u201d \u12a5\u1295\u12f0\u121b\u1208\u1275 \u1290\u12cd\u1361\u1361 \u1260\u12da\u1205 \u12d0\u1228\u134d\u1270 \u1290\u1308\u122d \u12cd\u1235\u1325 \u12eb\u1209\u1275 \u12f5\u121d\u133e\u127d \u1260\u1219\u1209 \u1260\u12d0\u1228\u1265\u129b \u12cd\u1235\u1325 \u12e8\u1209\u121d (\u1260\u12a0\u1295\u12f0\u129b \u12f0\u1228\u1303 \u1275\u121d\u1205\u122d\u1275 \u1264\u1275 \u1246\u12ed\u1273\u12ec \u201c\u1201\u1209\u1295\u121d \u12e8\u12a5\u1295\u130d\u120a\u12dd\u129b \u134a\u12f0\u120b\u1275 \u12e8\u12eb\u12d8\u12cd \u12d0\u1228\u134d\u1270 \u1290\u1308\u122d \u12e8\u1275\u129b\u12cd \u1290\u12cd\u201d \u12a5\u12e8\u1270\u1263\u120d\u1295 \u1235\u1295\u1320\u12e8\u1245 \u12a8\u1290\u1260\u1228\u12cd \u134e\u122d\u1219\u120b \u1260\u134a\u1275 \u201c\u12f8\u130b \u1328\u1333 \u129b\u1279\u201d\u1295 \u1290\u12cd \u12e8\u121b\u12cd\u1240\u12cd)\u1361\u1361 <\/o:p><\/span><\/div>\n
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     \u12e8\u12a6\u122e\u121d\u129b\u12cd \u12e8\u12d0\u1300\u121d \u1235\u122d\u12d3\u1270 \u134a\u12f0\u120b\u1275 \u12e8\u12a6\u122e\u121d\u129b \u1270\u1293\u130b\u122a \u1219\u1235\u120a\u121e\u127d \u1218\u1296\u122a\u12eb \u1260\u1206\u1291\u1275 \u1200\u1228\u122d\u130c\u1363 \u1263\u120c\u1363 \u12a0\u122d\u1232\u1363 \u1305\u121b\u1363 \u12f0\u1261\u1265 \u12c8\u120e (\u12a8\u121a\u1234 \u12d9\u122a\u12eb) \u12c8\u12d8\u1270\u2026 \u12ed\u1273\u12c8\u1243\u120d\u1361\u1361 \u12a0\u1295\u12f3\u1295\u12f5 \u121d\u1295\u132e\u127d \u201c\u12e8\u12a0\u122e\u121d\u129b\u12cd \u12d0\u1300\u121d \u12a0\u133b\u133b\u134d \u12e8\u1270\u1348\u1320\u1228\u12cd \u1260\u1200\u1228\u122d\u130c \u121d\u12f5\u122d \u1290\u12cd\u201d \u12ed\u120b\u1209\u1361\u1361 \u1208\u12da\u1205\u121d \u126019\u129b\u12cd \u12ad\u134d\u1208 \u12d8\u1218\u1295 \u12e8\u1270\u133b\u1349 \u120d\u12e9 \u120d\u12e9 \u12f5\u122d\u1233\u1293\u1275\u1295 \u12a5\u1295\u12f0 \u121b\u1235\u1228\u1303 \u12ed\u1320\u1245\u1233\u1209\u1361\u1361 \u12a0\u1295\u12f3\u1295\u12f6\u127d \u130d\u1295 \u201c\u12d0\u1300\u121d \u1260\u12c8\u120e \u12ad\u134d\u1208 \u1200\u1308\u122d \u12cd\u1235\u1325 \u1263\u1208\u12cd \u12e8\u201c\u12f0\u12cc\u201d \u12c8\u1228\u12f3 (\u12a8\u121a\u1234) \u12e8\u1270\u1348\u1320\u1228 \u1290\u12cd\u1364 \u1260\u12f0\u12cc \u12e8\u1270\u121b\u1229 \u1240\u12f0\u121d\u1275 \u12d1\u1208\u121b \u1293\u1278\u12cd \u12c8\u12f0 \u1200\u1228\u122d\u130c \u12eb\u1218\u1321\u1275\u201d \u12e8\u121a\u120d \u1210\u1233\u1265 \u12a0\u120b\u1278\u12cd\u1361\u1361 \u12a0\u1295\u12f3\u1295\u12f6\u127d \u12f0\u130d\u121e \u201c\u1260\u1263\u120c\u12cd \u12e8\u123c\u12bd \u1201\u1234\u1295 \u1218\u1235\u130a\u12f5 \u12d9\u122a\u12eb \u12e8\u121a\u12eb\u1235\u1270\u121d\u1229 \u12d1\u1208\u121b \u12eb\u1235\u1308\u1299\u1275 \u1290\u12cd\u201d \u12e8\u121a\u120d \u12ad\u122d\u12ad\u122d \u12eb\u1240\u122d\u1263\u1209\u1361\u1361 \u1260\u12da\u1205 \u1228\u1308\u12f5 \u12e8\u1270\u1328\u1260\u1320 \u121b\u1235\u1228\u1303 \u12e8\u1208\u129d\u121d\u1361\u1361 \u1235\u1208\u12da\u1205 \u1325\u1293\u1275\u1293 \u121d\u122d\u121d\u122d \u12eb\u123b\u12cb\u120d\u1361\u1361<\/o:p><\/span><\/div>\n
*****<\/o:p><\/span><\/b><\/div>\n
\u12a8\u1218\u130d\u1262\u12eb\u12ec \u12a5\u1295\u12f0\u1308\u1208\u133d\u12a9\u1275 \u12e8\u12d0\u1300\u121d \u1235\u122d\u12d3\u1270 \u134a\u12f0\u120b\u1275 \u1260\u120c\u120e\u127d \u12e8\u1200\u1308\u122b\u127d\u1295 \u124b\u1295\u124b\u12ce\u127d\u121d \u120d\u12e9 \u120d\u12e9 \u133d\u1211\u134e\u127d\u1295 \u1208\u1218\u133b\u134d \u12a0\u1308\u120d\u130d\u120f\u120d\u1361\u1361 \u1260\u12da\u1205 \u1228\u1308\u12f5 \u1260\u1240\u12f3\u121a\u1290\u1275 \u12e8\u121a\u1320\u1240\u1231\u1275 \u1200\u1228\u122a\u1293 \u12a0\u121b\u122d\u129b \u1293\u1278\u12cd\u1361\u1361 \u1325\u1293\u1276\u127d \u12a5\u1295\u12f0\u121a\u12eb\u1218\u1208\u12ad\u1271\u1275 \u12e8\u1200\u1228\u122a \u124b\u1295\u124b \u1260\u12d0\u1300\u121d \u12a0\u133b\u133b\u134d \u1218\u133b\u134d \u12e8\u1300\u1218\u1228\u12cd \u1260\u1218\u12ab\u12a8\u1208\u129b\u12cd \u12d8\u1218\u1295 \u1290\u12cd\u1361\u1361 \u1260\u1218\u1206\u1291\u121d \u12e8\u1200\u1228\u122a \u12e8\u12d0\u1300\u121d \u12a0\u133b\u133b\u134d \u1260\u120c\u120e\u127d \u124b\u1295\u124b\u12ce\u127d \u12a8\u121d\u1293\u12cd\u1243\u1278\u12cd \u12e8\u12d0\u1300\u121d \u1235\u1290-\u133d\u1211\u134e\u127d \u1260\u1219\u1209 \u12ed\u1240\u12f5\u121b\u120d \u121b\u1208\u1275 \u1290\u12cd\u1361\u1361 \u1208\u12da\u1205 \u121b\u1235\u1228\u1303 \u12e8\u121a\u123b \u1230\u12cd \u1260\u12f6\/\u122d \u12a4\u1295\u122a\u12ae \u127c\u1229\u120a \u12e8\u1273\u1270\u1219 \u12e8\u1325\u1295\u1275 \u12f5\u122d\u1233\u1293\u1275\u1295 \u1218\u1218\u120d\u12a8\u1275 \u12ed\u127d\u120b\u120d\u1364 \u12a81648-1875 \u1260\u1246\u12e8\u12cd \u12e8\u1200\u1228\u122d \u12a0\u121a\u122c\u1275 \u12d8\u1218\u1295 \u12e8\u1270\u1218\u12d8\u1308\u1261 \u12f5\u122d\u1233\u1293\u1275\u1295 \u1218\u1218\u120d\u12a8\u1275 \u12ed\u127b\u120b\u120d\u1364 \u120c\u120b\u12cd \u1240\u122d\u1276 \u1230\u122d \u122a\u127b\u122d\u12f5 \u1260\u122d\u1270\u1295 \u12601854 \u1200\u1228\u122d\u1295 \u1260\u130e\u1260\u1298\u1260\u1275 \u130a\u12dc\u121d \u12e8\u1200\u1228\u122a \u124b\u1295\u124b \u1260\u12d0\u1300\u121d \u12a0\u133b\u133b\u134d \u1232\u133b\u134d \u12a5\u1295\u12f0\u1270\u1218\u1208\u12a8\u1270 \u12e8\u1270\u1293\u1308\u1228\u12cd\u1295 \u1218\u1290\u123b \u1265\u1293\u12f0\u122d\u130d \u12e8\u1200\u1228\u122a \u124b\u1295\u124b \u12a8\u1265\u12d9 \u124b\u1295\u124b\u12ce\u127d \u1260\u134a\u1275 \u1260\u12d0\u1300\u121d \u12ed\u133b\u134d \u12a5\u1295\u12f0\u1290\u1260\u1228 \u1260\u1240\u120b\u1209 \u1218\u1228\u12f3\u1275 \u12ed\u127b\u120b\u120d\u1361\u1361  <\/o:p><\/span><\/div>\n
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   \u12a0\u121b\u122d\u129b \u1260\u12d0\u1300\u121d \u1218\u133b\u134d \u12e8\u1300\u1218\u1228\u1260\u1275\u1295 \u12d8\u1218\u1295 \u1260\u1275\u12ad\u12ad\u120d \u121b\u1218\u120d\u12a8\u1275 \u1263\u12ed\u127b\u120d\u121d \u1305\u121d\u1229 \u1260\u12c8\u120e \u12ad\u134d\u1208 \u1200\u1308\u122d \u12a5\u1295\u12f0\u1270\u1338\u1290\u1230 \u1260\u12f5\u134d\u1228\u1275 \u1218\u1293\u1308\u122d \u12ed\u127b\u120b\u120d\u1361\u1361 \u12ed\u1205 \u12e8\u12a0\u121b\u122d\u129b\u12cd \u12e8\u12d0\u1300\u121d \u12a0\u133b\u133b\u134d \u1260\u1235\u134b\u1275 \u1325\u1245\u121d \u120b\u12ed \u1232\u12cd\u120d \u12e8\u1290\u1260\u1228\u12cd\u121d \u1260\u12c8\u120e \u1290\u12cd\u1361\u1361 \u12a5\u1290 \u123c\u12bd \u12d1\u1218\u122d \u1261\u123d\u122b\u1295 \u12e8\u1218\u1233\u1230\u1209 \u12e8\u12c8\u120e \u1273\u12cb\u1242 \u12d1\u1208\u121b \u12e8\u1308\u1320\u121f\u1278\u12cd \u12e8\u1218\u1295\u12d9\u121b \u130d\u1325\u121e\u127d \u1219\u1209 \u1260\u1219\u1209 \u1260\u12d0\u1300\u121d \u12e8\u1270\u133b\u1349 \u1293\u1278\u12cd\u1361\u1361 \u12a8\u12da\u1205 \u1260\u1270\u1328\u121b\u122a\u121d \u12e8\u123c\u12bd \u1211\u1234\u1295 \u1302\u1265\u122a\u120d \u1275\u1295\u1262\u1273\u12ca \u130d\u1325\u121e\u127d \u1260\u1245\u12f5\u121a\u12eb \u12e8\u1270\u133b\u1349\u1275 \u1260\u12d0\u1300\u121d \u12a0\u133b\u133b\u134d \u1290\u12cd \u12ed\u1263\u120b\u120d\u1361\u1361<\/o:p><\/span><\/div>\n
*****<\/o:p><\/span><\/b><\/div>\n
  \u12a2\u1275\u12ee\u1335\u12eb\u127d\u1295 \u1260\u12d0\u1300\u121d \u1235\u122d\u12d3\u1270 \u133d\u1215\u1348\u1275 \u12e8\u1270\u133b\u1349 \u12e8\u1260\u122d\u12ab\u1273 \u12f5\u122d\u1233\u1293\u1275 \u1263\u1208\u1264\u1275 \u1293\u1275\u1361\u1361 \u12e8\u1325\u1295\u1271 \u1219\u1235\u120a\u121d \u12d1\u1208\u121b \u12e8\u1218\u1295\u12d9\u121b \u130d\u1325\u121e\u127d\u1295 \u12a8\u1218\u133b\u134d\u1293 \u12e8\u12d5\u1208\u1275 \u1270\u12d5\u1208\u1275 \u1201\u1294\u1273\u1295 \u12a8\u1218\u1218\u12dd\u1308\u1265 \u1260\u1270\u1328\u121b\u122a \u1260\u1273\u122a\u12ad\u1363 \u1260\u124b\u1295\u124b\u1363 \u1260\u130d\u1265\u122d\u1293\u1363 \u1260\u12a0\u1235\u1275\u122e\u1296\u121a\u1363 \u1260\u1205\u12ad\u121d\u1293\u1363 \u1260\u1235\u1290-\u121b\u12d5\u12f5\u1295\u1293 \u1260\u120c\u120e\u127d\u121d \u12e8\u1205\u12ed\u12c8\u1275 \u12d8\u122d\u134e\u127d \u120b\u12ed \u12eb\u1270\u12ae\u1229 \u12f5\u122d\u1233\u1293\u1275\u1295 \u1260\u12d0\u1300\u121d \u12e8\u12a0\u133b\u133b\u134d \u1235\u122d\u12d3\u1275 \u133d\u1348\u12cb\u120d\u1361\u1361 \u12ed\u1201\u1295\u1293 \u12a8\u1290\u12da\u1205 \u12f5\u122d\u1233\u1293\u1275 \u1218\u12ab\u12a8\u120d \u1260\u1323\u121d \u12e8\u121a\u1260\u12d9\u1275 \u1270\u1230\u1265\u1235\u1260\u12cd \u1260\u1205\u12dd\u1265 \u1200\u1265\u1275\u1290\u1275 \u12a0\u120d\u1270\u1218\u12d8\u1308\u1261\u121d\u1361\u1361 \u1260\u122d\u12ab\u1276\u1279 \u1260\u130d\u1208\u1230\u1266\u127d \u12a5\u1305 \u1270\u12ed\u12d8\u12cd \u1265\u120d\u1293 \u121d\u1235\u1325 \u12a5\u12e8\u1260\u120b\u1278\u12cd \u1290\u12cd\u1361\u1361 <\/o:p><\/span><\/div>\n
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    \u12e8\u201c\u12d0\u1300\u121d\u201d \u12a0\u133b\u133b\u134d \u12a8\u130a\u12dc \u12c8\u12f0 \u130a\u12dc \u12a5\u12e8\u12f0\u12a8\u1218 \u1218\u121d\u1323\u1271 \u12f0\u130d\u121e \u120c\u120b\u12cd \u1309\u12f3\u1275 \u1290\u12cd\u1361\u1361 \u12f5\u122d\u1233\u1293\u1271 \u1260\u1325\u1242\u1271 \u1270\u1230\u1265\u1230\u1260\u12cd \u1263\u1209\u1260\u1275 \u12a0\u12ab\u1263\u1262\u12ce\u127d \u12e8\u12d0\u1300\u121d \u12a0\u133b\u133b\u134d \u12a5\u12e8\u1270\u1228\u1233 \u1290\u12cd\u1361\u1361 \u12f5\u122d\u1233\u1293\u1271\u1295 \u121b\u1295\u1260\u1265 \u12e8\u121a\u127b\u120d\u1260\u1275 \u1235\u122d\u12d3\u1275 \u1270\u1320\u1265\u1246 \u12ab\u120d\u1246\u12e8 \u1240\u1323\u12e9 \u1275\u12cd\u120d\u12f5 \u12a5\u1290\u122d\u1231\u1295 \u12a0\u1295\u1265\u1266 \u1218\u1228\u12f3\u1275 \u120a\u12eb\u1245\u1270\u12cd \u12ed\u127d\u120b\u120d\u1361\u1361 \u1235\u1208\u12da\u1205 \u1201\u1208\u1271\u121d \u1309\u12f3\u12ee\u127d \u120a\u1270\u12ae\u122d\u1263\u1278\u12cd \u12ed\u1308\u1263\u120d\u1361\u1361 \u12a0\u1295\u12f0\u129b \u12e8\u12d0\u1300\u121d \u12f5\u122d\u1233\u1293\u1275 \u1270\u1230\u1265\u1235\u1260\u12cd \u12e8\u1270\u123b\u1208 \u12a5\u1295\u12ad\u1265\u12ab\u1264 \u1260\u121a\u12eb\u1308\u1299\u1263\u1278\u12cd \u1235\u134d\u122b\u12ce\u127d \u1218\u1240\u1218\u1325 \u12a0\u1208\u1263\u1278\u12cd\u1364 \u1201\u1208\u1270\u129b \u12e8\u12d0\u1300\u121d \u12a0\u133b\u133b\u134d \u1235\u122d\u12d3\u1273\u127d\u1295 \u1270\u1218\u12dd\u130d\u1266 \u1208\u1275\u12cd\u120d\u12f5 \u1218\u1270\u120b\u1208\u134d \u12a0\u1208\u1260\u1275\u1361\u1361 \u1260\u12da\u1205 \u1228\u1308\u12f5 \u1260\u12a0\u12f2\u1235 \u12a0\u1260\u1263 \u12e9\u1292\u1268\u122d\u1232\u1272 \u1235\u122d \u12eb\u1208\u12cd \u12e8\u134a\u120e\u120e\u1302 \u12f2\u1353\u122d\u1275\u1218\u1295\u1275 \u1240\u12f3\u121a \u1206\u1296 \u1218\u1295\u1240\u1233\u1240\u1235 \u12ed\u1296\u122d\u1260\u1273\u120d \u12a5\u120b\u1208\u1201\u1361\u1361<\/o:p><\/span><\/div>\n
—-<\/o:p><\/span><\/div>\n
\u12a0\u1348\u1295\u12f2 \u1219\u1270\u1242<\/o:p><\/span><\/div>\n
\u1200\u121d\u120c-2006<\/o:p><\/span><\/div>\n
——-<\/o:p><\/span><\/div>\n

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ጸሐፊ፡ አፈንዲ ሙተቂ<\/span><\/div>\n
—–<\/p>\n

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“ዐጀም” በዐረብኛ “ባዕድ የሆነ” ማለት ነው፡፡ ይህም በጥንተ ማንነቱ ዐረባዊ ያልሆነ ህዝብና ሀገር ለማለት ነው፡፡ ይሁንና “ዐጀም” የሚለው ቃል በዐረብኛ ስነ-ጽሑፍ ውስጥ በስፋት የሚያገለግለው ዐረብ ያልሆኑ ሙስሊሞችን ለማመልከት ነው፡፡ በዚህም መሰረት ኢራን፣ ቱርክ፣ ኢንዶኔዚያ፣ ማሌዥያ፣ ፓኪስታን፣ ባንግላዲሽ ወዘተ…. ዐጀም ናቸው ማለት ነው፡፡  <\/p>\n

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   ወደ ሀገራችን ስንመጣ ግን “ዐጀም” ሌላ ተልዕኮ ያለው ቃል ሆኖ እናገኘዋለን፡፡ ይህም የሀገራችን ቋንቋዎች በዐረብኛ ሆሄያት የሚጻፉበትን ስርዓተ-ፊደላት ነው የሚያመለክተው፡፡ ኦሮምኛ፣ አማርኛ፣ አፋርኛና ሶማሊኛ በዚህ ስርዓተ ጽሑፍ ይጻፉ ነበር፡፡ ዛሬም በርካታ የእስልምና ሊቃውንት በዐጀም አጻጻፍ ስርዓት ይጠቀማሉ፡፡ ታዲያ እነዚህ ሁሉ ቋንቋዎች የሚጻፉበት “ስርዓተ ፊደላት” በወል “ዐጀም” ተብለው ቢጠሩም በሚይዟቸው የሆሄያት ብዛት ይለያያሉ፡፡ ይህም ከቋንቋዎቹ የስነ-ድምጽ ባህሪ ጋር በቀጥታ ይዛመዳል፡፡ ለምሳሌ ኦሮምኛ የሚጻፍበት የ“ዐጀም” ስርዓት ሶማሊኛ በሚጻፍበት “ዐጀም” ውስጥ የሌሉ (“ጨ”፣ “ኘ”፣ ጰ የተሰኙትን ድምጾች የሚወክሉ) ሶሰት ፊደላት አሉት፡፡ የአማርኛው ዐጀምም በኦሮምኛው “ዐጀም” ውስጥ የሌሉ ሁለት ፊደላት (“ዠ” እና “ጸ”) አሉት፡፡ <\/p>\n

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    ለመሆኑ የዐጀም አጻጻፍ ስርዓት ሲሰራበት የነበረው እንዴት ነው?….. ትምህርቱስ እንዴት ነበር የሚሰጠው? በልጅነቴ የተማርኩትን የኦሮምኛውን “ዐጀም” እንደምሳሌ ልውሰድና ለማስረዳት ልሞክር፡፡<\/p>\n

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 <\/span>*****<\/p>\n

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   በምስራቁ የኢትዮጵያ ክልል ለረጅም ዘመናት ፊደል የማስጠናት ተግባር ሲፈጽሙ የኖሩት “ቁርኣን ጌይ” የሚባሉ የትምህርት ማዕከላት ናቸው፡፡ በነዚህ ማዕከላት የሚሰጠው ትምህርት ዋነኛ ዓላማ ህጻናት ቅዱስ ቁርኣንን በራሳቸው ብቻ ( ያለምንም ረዳት) የማንበብ ችሎታ እንዲኖራቸው ማድረግ ነው፡፡ በመሆኑም ወደ ቁርኣን ጌይ ለትምህርት የመጣ ተማሪ በቅድሚያ የዐረብኛ ፊደላትን እንዲለይ እና የተማራቸውን ፊደላት መልሶ እንዲጽፍ ይደረጋል፡፡ ከዚያም ወደ ቁርኣን ምንባብ ትምህርት ይሸጋገራል፡፡<\/p>\n

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   ታዲያ የቁርኣን ጌይ ተማሪ የሚማረው የቁርአን ምንባብ ትምህርትን ብቻ አይደለም፡፡ ከቁርኣን ትምህርት በተጨማሪ የዐቂዳ (ስነ-መለኮት)፣ የፊቂህ (እስላማዊ ድንጋጌ)፣ የሂሳብ እና የኸጥ (የዐረብኛ ፊደላት አጣጣል) ትምህርቶችም ይሰጣሉ፡፡ ከዚሁ ጎን ለጎን በትምህርታቸው ጎበዝ የሆኑ ልጆች እየተመረጡ የ“ዐጀም” ስርዓተ ጽሕፈትን እንዲማሩ ይደረጋል፡፡ የዚህ ስርዓተ ጽሕፈት ዓላማ ተማሪው የአፍ መፍቻ ቋንቋው የሆነውን ኦሮምኛን በዐረብኛ ፊደላት መጻፍ እንዲችል ማድረግ ነው፡፡ <\/p>\n

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    የዐጀም ስርዓተ ፊደላት መነሻ የዐረብኛው የፊደል ገበታ ነው፡፡ በዐረብኛው የፊደል ገበታ ላይ ያሉት ሀያ ስምንት ፊደላት በሙሉ የኦሮምኛው “ዐጀም” አካላት ናቸው፡፡ በተጨማሪም በዐረብኛ ውስጥ የማይገኙ ስድስት የኦሮምኛ ድምጾችን  የሚወክሉ “ውልድ” ፊደላት ተቀርጸው የስርዓተ ጽሑፉ አካላት ተደርገዋል፡፡ በዐረብኛ ውስጥ የሌሉት ስድስት የኦሮምኛ ድምጾች ከዐረብኛ ሆሄያት በተራቡ “ውልድ” ፊደላት ሲወከሉ የሚከተለውን ይመስላሉ፡፡<\/p>\n

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ዸ\/Dh= <\/span>ڎ<\/span><\/p>\n

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ገ\/G= <\/span>ݞ<\/span><\/p>\n

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ጨ\/C= <\/span>ڟ<\/span><\/p>\n

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ጰ\/Ph= <\/span>ٻ<\/span><\/p>\n

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ኘ\/Ny= <\/span>ٿ<\/span><\/p>\n

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ቸ\/Ch= <\/span>ݜ<\/p>\n

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  እነዚህ ውልድ ፊደላት የተቀረጹት በድምጽ የሚቀርቧቸውን የዐረብኛ ፊደላት መነሻ በማድረግ ነው፡፡ ለምሳሌ “ገ” በድምጹ ለዐረብኛው “<\/span>ﻍ<\/span><\/span><\/span>” ይቀርባል፡፡ በመሆኑም በዚሁ ፊደል ላይ ሁለት ነጥቦች ተጨምረው የ“ገ” ወኪል ሆኖ የሚያገለግል <\/span>ڠ <\/span><\/span><\/span> <\/span>የሚባል ውልድ ፊደል ተፈጥሯል፡፡<\/p>\n

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   ከላይ እንደጠቆምኩት የኦሮምኛው የ“ዐጀም” ስርዓተ ፊደላት በዐረብኛው የፊደል ገበታ ላይ የሌሉትንና “ዸ<\/span>”<\/span>፣ <\/span>“<\/span>ገ”፣ “ጨ”፣ “ጰ”፣ “ኘ” እና “ቸ” የተሰኙ ስድስት የኦሮምኛ ድምጾችን የሚወክሉ ውልድ ፊደላትን በመቅረጽ የተፈጠረ ነው፡፡ ታዲያ ተማሪዎች እነዚህን ፊደላት በቀላሉ እንዲያስታውሷቸው ለመርዳት ሲባል የሀረርጌ ዑለማ “ዸጋ ጨጳ ኛቹ”<\/i> የሚል ዐረፍተ ነገር ፈጥረዋል፡፡ በአማርኛ “የተሰበረ ድንጋይ መብላት” እንደማለት ነው፡፡ በዚህ ዐረፍተ ነገር ውስጥ ያሉት ድምጾች በሙሉ በዐረብኛ ውስጥ የሉም (በአንደኛ ደረጃ ትምህርት ቤት ቆይታዬ “ሁሉንም የእንግሊዝኛ ፊደላት የያዘው ዐረፍተ ነገር የትኛው ነው” እየተባልን ስንጠየቅ ከነበረው ፎርሙላ በፊት “ዸጋ ጨጳ ኛቹ”ን ነው የማውቀው)፡፡ <\/p>\n

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     የኦሮምኛው የዐጀም ስርዓተ ፊደላት የኦሮምኛ ተናጋሪ ሙስሊሞች መኖሪያ በሆኑት ሀረርጌ፣ ባሌ፣ አርሲ፣ ጅማ፣ ደቡብ ወሎ (ከሚሴ ዙሪያ) ወዘተ… ይታወቃል፡፡ አንዳንድ ምንጮች “የአሮምኛው ዐጀም አጻጻፍ የተፈጠረው በሀረርጌ ምድር ነው” ይላሉ፡፡ ለዚህም በ19ኛው ክፍለ ዘመን የተጻፉ ልዩ ልዩ ድርሳናትን እንደ ማስረጃ ይጠቅሳሉ፡፡ አንዳንዶች ግን “ዐጀም በወሎ ክፍለ ሀገር ውስጥ ባለው የ“ደዌ” ወረዳ (ከሚሴ) የተፈጠረ ነው፤ በደዌ የተማሩ ቀደምት ዑለማ ናቸው ወደ ሀረርጌ ያመጡት” የሚል ሐሳብ አላቸው፡፡ አንዳንዶች ደግሞ “በባሌው የሼኽ ሁሴን መስጊድ ዙሪያ የሚያስተምሩ ዑለማ ያስገኙት ነው” የሚል ክርክር ያቀርባሉ፡፡ በዚህ ረገድ የተጨበጠ ማስረጃ የለኝም፡፡ ስለዚህ ጥናትና ምርምር ያሻዋል፡፡<\/p>\n

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ከመግቢያዬ እንደገለጽኩት የዐጀም ስርዓተ ፊደላት በሌሎች የሀገራችን ቋንቋዎችም ልዩ ልዩ ጽሑፎችን ለመጻፍ አገልግሏል፡፡ በዚህ ረገድ በቀዳሚነት የሚጠቀሱት ሀረሪና አማርኛ ናቸው፡፡ ጥናቶች እንደሚያመለክቱት የሀረሪ ቋንቋ በዐጀም አጻጻፍ መጻፍ የጀመረው በመካከለኛው ዘመን ነው፡፡ በመሆኑም የሀረሪ የዐጀም አጻጻፍ በሌሎች ቋንቋዎች ከምናውቃቸው የዐጀም ስነ-ጽሑፎች በሙሉ ይቀድማል ማለት ነው፡፡ ለዚህ ማስረጃ የሚሻ ሰው በዶ\/ር ኤንሪኮ ቼሩሊ የታተሙ የጥንት ድርሳናትን መመልከት ይችላል፤ ከ1648-1875 በቆየው የሀረር አሚሬት ዘመን የተመዘገቡ ድርሳናትን መመልከት ይቻላል፤ ሌላው ቀርቶ ሰር ሪቻርድ በርተን በ1854 ሀረርን በጎበኘበት ጊዜም የሀረሪ ቋንቋ በዐጀም አጻጻፍ ሲጻፍ እንደተመለከተ የተናገረውን መነሻ ብናደርግ የሀረሪ ቋንቋ ከብዙ ቋንቋዎች በፊት በዐጀም ይጻፍ እንደነበረ በቀላሉ መረዳት ይቻላል፡፡  <\/p>\n

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   አማርኛ በዐጀም መጻፍ የጀመረበትን ዘመን በትክክል ማመልከት ባይቻልም ጅምሩ በወሎ ክፍለ ሀገር እንደተጸነሰ በድፍረት መናገር ይቻላል፡፡ ይህ የአማርኛው የዐጀም አጻጻፍ በስፋት ጥቅም ላይ ሲውል የነበረውም በወሎ ነው፡፡ እነ ሼኽ ዑመር ቡሽራን የመሳሰሉ የወሎ ታዋቂ ዑለማ የገጠሟቸው የመንዙማ ግጥሞች ሙሉ በሙሉ በዐጀም የተጻፉ ናቸው፡፡ ከዚህ በተጨማሪም የሼኽ ሑሴን ጂብሪል ትንቢታዊ ግጥሞች በቅድሚያ የተጻፉት በዐጀም አጻጻፍ ነው ይባላል፡፡<\/p>\n

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*****<\/p>\n

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  ኢትዮጵያችን በዐጀም ስርዓተ ጽሕፈት የተጻፉ የበርካታ ድርሳናት ባለቤት ናት፡፡ የጥንቱ ሙስሊም ዑለማ የመንዙማ ግጥሞችን ከመጻፍና የዕለት ተዕለት ሁኔታን ከመመዝገብ በተጨማሪ በታሪክ፣ በቋንቋ፣ በግብርና፣ በአስትሮኖሚ፣ በህክምና፣ በስነ-ማዕድንና በሌሎችም የህይወት ዘርፎች ላይ ያተኮሩ ድርሳናትን በዐጀም የአጻጻፍ ስርዓት ጽፈዋል፡፡ ይሁንና ከነዚህ ድርሳናት መካከል በጣም የሚበዙት ተሰብስበው በህዝብ ሀብትነት አልተመዘገቡም፡፡ በርካቶቹ በግለሰቦች እጅ ተይዘው ብልና ምስጥ እየበላቸው ነው፡፡ <\/p>\n

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    የ“ዐጀም” አጻጻፍ ከጊዜ ወደ ጊዜ እየደከመ መምጣቱ ደግሞ ሌላው ጉዳት ነው፡፡ ድርሳናቱ በጥቂቱ ተሰብሰበው ባሉበት አካባቢዎች የዐጀም አጻጻፍ እየተረሳ ነው፡፡ ድርሳናቱን ማንበብ የሚቻልበት ስርዓት ተጠብቆ ካልቆየ ቀጣዩ ትውልድ እነርሱን አንብቦ መረዳት ሊያቅተው ይችላል፡፡ ስለዚህ ሁለቱም ጉዳዮች ሊተኮርባቸው ይገባል፡፡ አንደኛ የዐጀም ድርሳናት ተሰብስበው የተሻለ እንክብካቤ በሚያገኙባቸው ስፍራዎች መቀመጥ አለባቸው፤ ሁለተኛ የዐጀም አጻጻፍ ስርዓታችን ተመዝግቦ ለትውልድ መተላለፍ አለበት፡፡ በዚህ ረገድ በአዲስ አበባ ዩኒቨርሲቲ ስር ያለው የፊሎሎጂ ዲፓርትመንት ቀዳሚ ሆኖ መንቀሳቀስ ይኖርበታል እላለሁ፡፡<\/p>\n

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—-<\/p>\n

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አፈንዲ ሙተቂ<\/p>\n

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ሀምሌ-2006<\/p>\n

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——-<\/p>\n

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