{"id":170250,"date":"2014-04-25T04:14:00","date_gmt":"2014-04-25T08:14:00","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.mereja.com\/amharic\/?guid=ef127c57724d37aaf35565aa3da0a0ef"},"modified":"2014-04-25T04:14:00","modified_gmt":"2014-04-25T08:14:00","slug":"%e1%8a%a0%e1%88%88%e1%88%9d-%e1%8a%a0%e1%89%80%e1%8d%8d-%e1%88%b0%e1%89%a5%e1%8a%a0%e1%8b%8a-%e1%88%98%e1%89%a5%e1%89%b5-%e1%88%98%e1%88%b3%e1%88%aa%e1%8b%ab%e1%8b%8e%e1%89%bd%e1%8a%93-%e1%8a%a2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/mereja.net\/amharic\/170250","title":{"rendered":"\u12a0\u1208\u121d \u12a0\u1240\u134d \u1230\u1265\u12a0\u12ca \u1218\u1265\u1275 \u1218\u1233\u122a\u12eb\u12ce\u127d\u1293 \u12a2\u1275\u12ee\u1335\u12eb"},"content":{"rendered":"
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\u12a0\u1208\u121b\u1240\u134d \u12e8\u1230\u1265\u12a0\u12ca \u1218\u1265\u1275 \u130d\u121d\u1308\u121b (United Nations Human Rights Council Universal Periodic Review)<\/strong><\/div>\n
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\u12e8\u1218\u1295\u130d\u1230\u1275\u121d \u1218\u1295\u130d\u1235\u1273\u12ca \u12eb\u120d\u1206\u1291 \u1270\u124b\u121b\u1275 \u122a\u1353\u122d\u1276\u127d\u121d \u1270\u1230\u1265\u1235\u1260\u12cd \u1208\u12a0\u1263\u120d \u12a0\u1308\u122b\u1275 \u12a0\u1295\u12f2\u12f0\u122d\u1231 \u12e8\u121b\u12f5\u1228\u130d \u1203\u120b\u134c\u1290\u1271\u1295 \u12e8\u1270\u1263\u1260\u1229\u1275 \u1218\u1295\u130d\u1235\u1273\u1275 \u12ed\u12c8\u1235\u12f3\u120d \u1361\u1361 \u12ed\u1205 \u12e8\u130d\u121d\u1308\u121b \u1202\u12f0\u1275 \u1260\u12a0\u1320\u1243\u120b\u12ed \u12083 \u1230\u12a0\u1275 \u12a8\u1230\u120b\u1233 \u12e8\u121a\u1246\u12ed \u1232\u1206\u1295 \u1270\u1308\u121d\u130b\u121a\u12cd \u12a0\u1308\u122d \u12e8\u122b\u1231\u1295 \u12e8\u1230\u1265\u12a0\u12ca \u1218\u1265\u1275 \u1201\u1294\u1273 \u12e8\u121a\u1308\u120d\u133d \u122a\u1353\u122d\u1275 \u12ab\u1240\u1228\u1260 \u1260\u1201\u12cb\u120b \u12e8\u1270\u1208\u12eb\u12e9 \u12a0\u1308\u122b\u1275 \u1325\u12eb\u1244 \u1208\u121b\u1245\u1228\u1265\u1293 \u12e8\u121b\u123b\u123b\u12eb \u1290\u1325\u1263\u1278\u12cd\u1295 ( recommandations) \u1208\u1218\u1293\u1308\u122d \u1266\u1273 \u12ed\u12ed\u12db\u1209 \u1361\u1361 \u1260\u12da\u1205 \u12e8\u130d\u121d\u1308\u121b \u1202\u12f0\u1275 \u1270\u1308\u121d\u130b\u121a \u12a0\u1308\u122d \u12a0\u1235\u1348\u120b\u130a \u1206\u1296 \u12ab\u1308\u1298\u12cd \u12e8\u121a\u1240\u1260\u1208\u12cd\u1295 \u12e8\u121b\u123b\u123b\u12eb \u1290\u1325\u1265 \u1270\u1240\u1265\u12eb\u1208\u12cd \u1232\u120d \u12e8\u121b\u12ed\u1240\u1260\u120b\u1278\u12cd\u1295 \u1290\u1325\u1266\u127d \u12a0\u120d\u1240\u1260\u120d\u121d \u1260\u121b\u1208\u1275 \u12a5\u12da\u12eb\u12cd \u1218\u120d\u1235 \u1218\u1235\u1320\u1275 \u12ed\u127d\u120b\u120d\u1361\u1361 \u12ed\u1205 \u12ab\u120d\u1206\u1290 \u130d\u1295 \u12a0\u1320\u1243\u120e \u12e8\u1270\u1240\u1260\u120b\u1278\u12cd\u1295\u1293 \u12eb\u120d\u1270\u1240\u1260\u120b\u1278\u12cd\u1295 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\u130d\u121d\u1308\u121b\u1293 \u1260\u1201\u1208\u1270\u129b\u12cd \u130d\u121d\u1308\u121b \u1218\u12ab\u12a8\u120d \u12eb\u1208\u12cd\u1295 \u12a0\u1348\u133b\u1338\u121d\u1293 \u1218\u123b\u123b\u120d \u12e8\u121b\u123b\u123b\u12eb \u1290\u1325\u1266\u1279 \u120b\u12ed \u12eb\u12f0\u1228\u1308\u12cd\u1295 \u1270\u130d\u1263\u122b\u12ca \u1208\u12cd\u1325 \u12a0\u1265\u122e \u12eb\u1240\u122d\u1263\u120d\u1361\u1361 \u1260\u12da\u1205 \u1218\u1230\u1228\u1275 \u12e8\u12a2\u1275\u12e8\u1335\u12eb \u1218\u1300\u1218\u122a\u12eb\u12cd \u130d\u121d\u1308\u121b \u12a5\u12a4\u12a0 \u12602009 \u12e8\u1270\u12ab\u1204\u12f0 \u1232\u1206\u1295 \u12a8\u1270\u1208\u12eb\u12e9 \u12a0\u1308\u122b\u1275 160 \u12e8\u121b\u123b\u123b\u12eb \u1290\u1325\u1266\u127d \u12a0\u1245\u122d\u1260\u12cd \u1290\u1260\u122d\u1361\u1361<\/div>\n
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\u12a0\u1208\u121d \u12a0\u1240\u134d \u12e8\u1230\u1265\u12a0\u12ca \u1218\u1265\u1275 \u130d\u121d\u1308\u121b\u1293 \u12a2\u1275\u12ee\u1332\u12eb<\/strong><\/div>\n
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\u1260\u1201\u1208\u1271 \u130d\u121d\u1308\u121b\u12ce\u127d \u1218\u1203\u120d<\/strong><\/div>\n
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በሶልያና ሽመልስ<\/div>\n
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በኢህአዴግ መንግስት የመሪነት ሰልጣኑን ከያዘ ከዛሬ 22 አመት ግድም ጀምሮ ቃል ገብቶ ተግባራዊ ባለማድረግ ከሚወቀስባቸው ጉዳየች አንዱ የአገሪትዋ የሰብአዊ መብት አያያዝ ነው፡፡ ሁሉንም አለም አቀፉን የመብቶችን አለማቀፋዊነት የሚያረጋግጡ ጠንካራ እና ግልጽ የሰብአዊ መብት ድንጋጌዎችን የያዘ ህገ መንግስት በመጀመሪያዎቹ የስልጣን አመታት መጽደቁም ይታወቃል፡፡<\/div>\n
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በመጀመሪያዎቹ አስር አመታት የነበረው የሰብአዊ መብት አያያዝ በጣም በአስጊ ሁኔታ ከፍተኛ ቅሬታ የቀረበበት ቢሆንም የቀጣዩ አስር አመታት አፈጻጸምም ከትችት አላመለጠም፡፡ በተለይ ከቅርብ ጊዜ ወዲህ የሰብአዊ መብት ሪፓርቶችን የሚያወጡ አገር በቀል የማህበረሰብ ድርጅቶች በበጎ አድራጎትና ማህበራት አዋጅ የተነሳ ሽባ በመሆናቸው የሰብአዊ መብት ሁኔታውን ለመገምገም አስቸጋሪ ስለሆነ የአገሪትዋ ሰብአዊ መብት ሁኔታ ” የውጪ ሃይሎች” ድምጽ ብቻ የሚሰማበት ምድረ በዳ ሆኗል፡፡ በአገሪትዋ የተለያዬ ክፍሎች የሚከናወኑ የመብት ጥሰቶችን ለእርምት የሚያቀርብ የአገር ውስጥ ተቋም በሌለበት ሁኔታ በቀጣዩ የፈረንጆች ወር መጀመሪያ የኢትዮጰያ የሰብአዊ መብት ግምገማ (universal periodic review ) ለሁለተኛ ጊዜ በተባበሩት መንግስታት የሰብአዊ መብቶች ጉባኤ ይካሄዳል፡፡<\/div>\n
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አለማቀፍ የሰብአዊ መብት ግምገማ (United Nations Human Rights Council Universal Periodic Review)<\/strong><\/div>\n
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አለም አቀፍ የሰብአዊ መብት ግምገማ ሁሉም የተባበሩት መንግስታት አገራት በየ4 አመት ተኩል የሚያደርጉት የሰብአዊ መብት ግምገማ ሂደት ነው፡፡ይህ የግምገማ ሂደት አገሮች ያላቸውን የሰብአዊ መብት ችግሮች ለመፍታት እና ችግሮቻቸውን በማስታወስ እነዲያሻሽሉ እንደያግዝ የታሰበ ስርአት ሲሆን እኤአ ከ20006 ጀምሮ ተግባራዊ መሆን ጀምሯል፡፡ በዚህ ግምገማ የተገምጋሚው አገር መንግስት የሰብአዊ መብት ስራውን አስመልክቶ ሪፓርት ያቀርባል፡፡ መንግሰታዊ ያልሆኑ ድርጅቶች እና የሰብአዊ መብት ተቋማትም በተመሳሳይ ተገምጋሚው አገር የሰብአዊ መብት ሁኔታ ላይ ሪፓርታቸውን ለተባበሩት መንግስታት የሰብአዊ መብቶች ጉባኤ ያስገባሉ፡፡ እነዚህ የመንግሰትም መንግስታዊ ያልሆኑ ተቋማት ሪፓርቶችም ተሰብስበው ለአባል አገራት አንዲደርሱ የማድረግ ሃላፌነቱን የተባበሩት መንግስታት ይወስዳል ፡፡ ይህ የግምገማ ሂደት በአጠቃላይ ለ3 ሰአት ከሰላሳ የሚቆይ ሲሆን ተገምጋሚው አገር የራሱን የሰብአዊ መብት ሁኔታ የሚገልጽ ሪፓርት ካቀረበ በሁዋላ የተለያዩ አገራት ጥያቄ ለማቅረብና የማሻሻያ ነጥባቸውን ( recommandations) ለመናገር ቦታ ይይዛሉ ፡፡ በዚህ የግምገማ ሂደት ተገምጋሚ አገር አስፈላጊ ሆኖ ካገኘው የሚቀበለውን የማሻሻያ ነጥብ ተቀብያለው ሲል የማይቀበላቸውን ነጥቦች አልቀበልም በማለት እዚያው መልስ መስጠት ይችላል፡፡ ይህ ካልሆነ ግን አጠቃሎ የተቀበላቸውንና ያልተቀበላቸውን ማሻሻያ ሃሳቦች በሶስት ወራት ገደማ ውስጥ በይፋ ያሳውቃል፡፡ ይህ ሂደት ከተጠናቀቀ በሁዋላ እነዚህን የማሻሻያ ሃሳቦች መተግበር የተገምጋሚው አገር ሃላፊነት ነው፡፡ይህ ሂደት የመጀመሪያው ከሆነ የሰብአዊ መብት ሪፓርትና ጥያቄዎችን የመመለስ ሂደት ሲሆን ለሁለተኛ ዙር ከሆነ ግን ተገምጋሚው አገር በመጀመሪያው ግምገማና በሁለተኛው ግምገማ መካከል ያለውን አፈጻጸምና መሻሻል የማሻሻያ ነጥቦቹ ላይ ያደረገውን ተግባራዊ ለውጥ አብሮ ያቀርባል፡፡ በዚህ መሰረት የኢትየጵያ መጀመሪያው ግምገማ እኤአ በ2009 የተካሄደ ሲሆን ከተለያዩ አገራት 160 የማሻሻያ ነጥቦች አቅርበው ነበር፡፡<\/div>\n
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አለም አቀፍ የሰብአዊ መብት ግምገማና ኢትዮጲያ<\/strong><\/div>\n
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ይህ በየ4 አመቱ የሚካሄድ ግምገማ ላይ አገራችን ከፍተኛ ቁጥር ያለው የማሻሻያ ነጥቦች ከተሰጣቸው አገራት አንዷ ስትሆን በ2009 አ.ም ከተሰጠት የማሻሻያ ነጥቦች መካከል አብዛኛውን ከሲቪክና ፓለቲካዊ መብቶች ጋር የተያያዙ ማሻሻያዎችን ባለመቀበል መንግስት ውድቅ አድርጎአቸዋል፡፡ በወቅቱ ገና በመጽደቅ ላይ የነበሩትን የበጎአድራጉት ድርጅቶች እና የጸረ ሽብር ህግ አዋጆች በተገቢው የአለም አቀፍ የሰብአዊ መብት ደረጃ መሰረት እንድታሻሽል የሚሉ ማሻሻዎች ቢገኘበትም ህጎቹ ምንም መሻሻል ሳይደረግባቸው ሁለተኛው ዙር ግምገማው ከሳምንት በሁዋላ ይደረጋል፡። በመጀመሪያው ግምገማ ወቅት ማሻሻያ ቀርቦባቸው መንግስት ያልተቀበላቸው ጉዳዩች በጥቂቱ የጸረ ሽብር ህጉን ማሻሻል ፣የበጎ አድራጎትና ማህበራት ህጉን መሰረዝ ፣የመንግሰት አስተዳደር አመራር ውስጥ የሚገኘውን የብሄር ተዋእጾ መገምገምና የፌደራሊዝም ስርአቱ መሰረት ሁሉንም ብሄሮች ያማከለ እነዲሆን ማሻሻል፣ኦጋዴን እና ሶማሊያ ክልልን ለሰብአዊ እርዳታ ስራዎች ክፍት ማድረግ፣ የታሰሩ የተቃዋሚ ፓርቲ አመራሮችን መፍታት ፣በሶማሌ ክልል የሚገኝ የሰብአዊ መብት ሁኔታን በገለልተኛ ወገን ማጣራትና የአለም አቀፉ የወንጀለኞች ፍርድ ቤት አባልነት የመሳሰሉት ሲገኙበት ተቀባይነት ካገኙት ማሻሻያ ዎች መካከል የ እኤአ 2010ምርጫን ነጻና ፍትሃዊ ማድረግ፣የገለልተኛ ሚዲያ እድገትን መደገፍ፣ የሴቶችና ህጻናት መብቶች አጠባበቅን ማገዝ የሴት ልጅ ግርዛትና አለእድሜ ጋብቻን ማስወገድ እነዲሁም አገር አቀፍ የሰብአዊ መብት እቅድ ማዘጋጀት ይጠቀሳሉ፡፡<\/div>\n
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በዚህ የመጀመሪያ ዙር ግምገማ የኢትዮጲያ መንግስት አንዳንድ ጠቅላላ ማሻሻያዎችን ሲቀበል ከነዚህም ውስጥ የሰብአዊ መብት ተሟጋች ግለሰቦችን ደህንነት መጠበቅ ጠቅላላ የሲቪል ማህበረሰቡ የስራ ከባቢን ምቹ ማድረግ፣ የሚዲያ እድገትን መደገፍ ደረጃውን የጠበቀ ምርጫ ማድረግ የመሳሰሉት ይገኙበታል፡፡<\/div>\n
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በሁለቱ ግምገማዎች መሃል<\/strong><\/div>\n
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ከአራት አመት በፌት የተሰጡ የማሻሻያ ሃሳቦች ያሉበትን ሁኔታ በማሳወቅ የሚጀምረው የአሁኑ የመንግስት ሪፓርት አገሪትዋ በሰብአዊ መብት ረገድ ከፍተኛ መሻሻል እያሳየች እነደሆነ ያትታል፡፡ በተጨማሪም የሰብአዊ መብት እቅድ መዘጋቱን እንደትልቅ ስኬት ያቀርበዋል ፡፡ በሌላ በኩል አገሪትዋ ውስጥ የቀሩት በጣት የሚቆጠሩ የሰብአዊ መብት ድርጅቶች የእቅዱ ዝግጅት ላይም ሆነ አገራዊ ሪፓርቱ ላይ የነበራቸው ተሳትፎ በጣም ውስን የነበረ ሲሆን ከአራት አመት በፌት የታሰበው የእቅድ ዝግጅት ትግበራው መጀመር ከነበረበት ከሁለት አመት በላይ ዘግይቷል ሲሉ የመንግስትን ሪፓርት ይተቻሉ፡፡ባለፉት አራት አመታት ውስጥ የመንግስታዊ ያልሆኑ ተቋማት በፓሊሲ እና በማህበረሰባዊ ንቃተ ህሊና ላይ የሚሰሩት ስራ ተገድቦ ሙከራ የሚያደርጉትም ድርጅቶች ድርጅታዊ ህልውናቸውን በማስጠበቅ ላይ ሲገኙ የሰብአዊ መብት ሁኔታን አስመልክቶ አገር ውስጥ የሚንቀሳቀሱ ተቋማትይህ ነው የሚባል ነገር ሲናገሩ አልተሰማም፡፡ይህ በህጉ የተነሳ በተግባር እየታየ ያለው የተቋማት በመብቶች ዙሪያ አለመስራት እግድ በሴቶች መብቶች፣ በህጻናት መብቶችና በአካል ጉዳተኝነት የሚሰሩ ድርጅቶችን ሳይቀር ስራቸውን እንዲቀይሩ አስገድዷቸዋል፡፡ በከፍተኛ ሁኔታ በአገሪቱ ብዙ ክፍሎች ይንቀሳቀሱ የነበሩ እንደ ህግ ባለሞያ ሴቶች ማህበር ያሉ ተቋማት ስራቸውን አዲስ አበባ ላይ ብቻ በማተኮር አንድ ቢሮ ውስጥ ካደረጉ ከራረሙ፡፡ በተጨማሪም ጸረ ሽብርተኛነት አዋጁ በተግባር በመዋል በመቶዎች የሚቆጠሩ የሽብር ክስ ሰለባዎች እነዲፈረድባቸው ያደረገ ሲሆን ጋዜጠኞች የመጀመሪያው ረድፍ ላይ ይገኛሉ፡፡<\/div>\n
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የጋዜጦች ቁጥርና ጥራት በወረደበት ፣ የእስረኞች አያያዝ ከቶርቸር ጋር መቀላቀሉን የተለያዩ የፓለቲካ ፓርቲ አመራር እና አራማጅ እስረኞች እየተናገሩ ባሉበት ፣ አሁንም አንድም የግል ቴሌቪዥን እና ገለልተኛ የሚዲያ ተቋም በሌለበት ፣ አሁንም ሰዎች በፓለቲካ አመለካከት ልዩነታቸው እስር ቤት እነደገቡ ብዙዎች እያመኑ፣ አፋኝ ህጎቹ ከስጋት በላይ በተግባር ተጽእኖአቸው በሚታይበትና መጪው ምርጫ አንድ አመት ሲቀረው ሁለተኛው ዙር የተባበሩት መንግስታት የሰብአዊ መብት ጉባኤ የኢትዮጲያ ግምገማ ይካሄዳል፡፡ መንግሰት ምን ያህሎቹን የማሻሻያ ሃሳቦች ይቀበል ይሆን ምን ያህሎቹንስ ይቃወም ይሆን ? በዝርዝር ለማየት ፍላጎት ላደረባችሁ ሚያዝያ 28 የተባበሩት መንግስታት የሰብአዊ መብት ጉባኤ ድረ ገጽ ላይ መመልከት በቀጥታ ሰርጭታቸው መመልከት ትችላላችሁ፡፡<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
Read more ›<\/a><\/div>\n

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