\u12a8\u1229\u1232\u12eb\u12cd\u12eb\u1291 \u1266\u120d\u123c\u126a\u12ad\u1293 \u121c\u1295\u123c\u126a\u12ad \u12a0\u1295\u1235\u1276\u1363 \u12e8\u12a5\u129b\u12ce\u1279 \u12a2\u1205\u12a0\u1353\u1293 \u1218\u12a2\u1236\u1295 \u1260\u134a\u1275-\u12a0\u12cd\u122b\u122a\u1290\u1275 \u12a5\u1235\u12a8 \u1270\u1233\u1270\u1349\u1260\u1275 \u12f5\u1228\u1235 \u12eb\u1209 \u1260\u12f0\u121d \u12e8\u1328\u1240\u12e9 \u12a0\u1265\u12ee\u1276\u127d \u1260\u1219\u1209 \u1260\u12a8\u1270\u121e\u127d \u12e8\u1270\u12ab\u1204\u12f1 \u1232\u1206\u1295\u1363 \u12a0\u1265\u12db\u129b\u12cd \u12a0\u130b\u134b\u122a\u12ce\u127b\u1278\u12cd
\u12f0\u130d\u121e \u120d\u1202\u1243\u1296\u127d \u12a5\u1295\u12f0\u1290\u1260\u1229 \u1260\u1309\u12f3\u12e9 \u12d9\u122a\u12eb \u12e8\u1270\u1343\u1349 \u12f5\u122d\u1233\u1293\u1275 \u12eb\u12c8\u1233\u1209\u1361\u1361 \u12ed\u1201\u1295\u1293 \u12a5\u1290\u12da\u1205 \u12a0\u1265\u12ee\u1276\u127d (\u12e8\u1270\u1233\u12a9\u1275\u121d \u1206\u1290 \u12e8\u12a8\u1238\u1349\u1275) \u1230\u120b\u121b\u12ca\u12cd\u1295\u1293 \u1205\u130b\u12ca\u12cd\u1295 \u1218\u1295\u1308\u12f5 \u12e8\u1270\u12a8\u1270\u1209 \u1263\u1208\u1218\u1206\u1293\u1278\u12cd \u12db\u122c\u121d \u12ed\u12d8\u1308\u1295\u1293\u1209\u1364 \u1208\u12c8\u12f0\u134a\u1271\u121d \u1263\u120d\u1270\u12f0\u1308\u1219 \u12eb\u1230\u129b\u1209\u1361\u1361 \u1235\u1208\u121d\u1295 \u1262\u1209? \u130d\u12f5\u130d\u12f3\u12cd \u120b\u12ed \u12e8\u1270\u1278\u12a8\u1278\u12a8\u12cd \u1345\u1201\u134d \u12a5\u1295\u12f2\u1205 \u12e8\u121a\u120d \u121d\u120b\u123d \u12eb\u1235\u1290\u1265\u1263\u120d\u1293\u1361- \u1260\u132d\u1241\u1295 \u1215\u12dd\u1265 \u1235\u121d \u12e8\u1265\u12d9\u1200\u1291\u1295 \u1264\u1275 \u12a0\u134d\u122d\u1230\u12cb\u120d\u1364 \u1200\u1308\u122d\u1293 \u1273\u122a\u12ad \u1208\u1218\u1240\u12e8\u122d \u12e8\u121b\u12ed\u1233\u1293\u1278\u12cd \u12a0\u134d\u120b \u12c8\u1323\u1276\u127d\u1295 \u12a5\u122d\u1235 \u1260\u12a5\u122d\u1235 \u12a0\u132b\u122d\u1230\u12cb\u120d\u1364 \u2039\u12a0\u1295\u1271\u203a \u120a\u1263\u1209 \u12e8\u121a\u127d\u1209 \u121d\u1201\u122b\u1295\u1295 \u1260\u12a0\u1295\u12f5 \u1300\u1295\u1260\u122d \u12c8\u12f0 \u1275\u1295\u1273\u130d \u1290\u134d\u1230-\u1308\u12f3\u12ed\u1290\u1275 \u1240\u12ed\u1228\u12cb\u120d\u1364 \u12ad\u1235\u1228\u1271\u121d \u12a8\u1275\u12cd\u120d\u12f5 \u1275\u12cd\u120d\u12f5 \u12e8\u121a\u1270\u120b\u1208\u134d \u1320\u1263\u1233 \u1206\u1296 \u12db\u122c \u120b\u12ed \u12f0\u122d\u1237\u120d\u2026<\/p>\n
\u1260\u122d\u130d\u1325\u121d \u12eb \u12c8\u1245\u1275 \u1218\u12f0\u121b\u1218\u1325\u1363 \u1218\u1290\u130b\u1308\u122d\u1363 \u1218\u12c8\u12eb\u12e8\u1275\u1363 \u1218\u127b\u127b\u120d\u1295\u2026 \u12e8\u1218\u1233\u1230\u1209 \u121d\u12ad\u1295\u12eb\u1273\u12ca \u12a5\u1234\u1276\u127d \u1205\u1261\u12d5 \u1308\u1265\u1270\u12cd\u1364 \u1218\u132f\u132f\u12bd\u1363 \u1218\u1290\u124b\u1246\u122d\u1363 \u1218\u1348\u122b\u1228\u1305\u1363 \u1218\u1308\u12f3\u12f0\u120d\u2026 \u12e8\u1308\u1290\u1291\u1260\u1275 \u1290\u1260\u122d\u1364 \u1208\u12da\u1205\u121d \u12ed\u1218\u1235\u1208\u129b\u120d \u1200\u1308\u122d \u120a\u1228\u12a8\u1265 \u12e8\u1270\u12d8\u130b\u1300 \u12a0\u1295\u12f5 \u1275\u12cd\u120d\u12f5\u1363 \u1260\u1270\u12ae\u1228\u1300 \u122d\u12d5\u12ee\u1270-\u12d3\u1208\u121d\u1363 \u1263\u120d\u1320\u122b \u1355\u122e\u130d\u122b\u121d \u12a5\u1245\u1209\u1295 \u1235\u1276 \u2039\u121b\u122d\u12ad\u1235 \u12a5\u1295\u12f0\u1343\u1348\u12cd\u203a\u1363 \u2039\u120c\u1292\u1295 \u12a5\u1295\u12f3\u1265\u122b\u122b\u12cd\u203a\u1363 \u2039\u121b\u12a6 \u12a5\u1295\u12f3\u1235\u1270\u121b\u1228\u12cd\u203a\u1363 \u2039\u1206\u1303 \u12a5\u1295\u12f0\u1218\u12a8\u1228\u12cd\u203a\u2026 \u1260\u121a\u120d \u1325\u122b\u12dd \u1290\u1320\u1245 \u12d5\u12cd\u1240\u1275 \u1235\u1276-\u1260\u121b\u1233\u1275\u1363 \u1200\u1308\u122d \u121d\u12f5\u1229\u1295 \u12e8\u1326\u122d \u12a0\u12cd\u12f5\u121b \u12a0\u12f5\u122d\u130e \u121b\u1208\u1349 \u12e8\u1275\u120b\u1295\u1275 \u12e8\u1241\u132d\u1275 \u1275\u12dd\u1273 \u12e8\u1206\u1290\u1265\u1295\u1361\u1361 \u1260\u12a0\u1293\u1271\u121d \u12db\u122c \u2039\u2039\u1290\u1343 \u12a0\u12c8\u1323\u1293\u127d\u1201\u203a\u203a \u12a5\u12eb\u1209 \u1303\u120e\u1273 \u12e8\u121a\u1218\u1271\u1275 \u12e8\u12a2\u1205\u12a0\u12f4\u130d \u1218\u122a\u12ce\u127d \u12a8\u12da\u1201 \u121d\u1295\u132d \u12e8\u1270\u1240\u12f1\u1363 \u130d\u1293 \u1260\u1243\u120b\u1275 \u1235\u1295\u1320\u1243\u1293 \u1260\u130e\u1233 \u1320\u1263\u1265 \u12a0\u1235\u1270\u1233\u1230\u1265 \u12e8\u1270\u1208\u12e9 \u12e8\u1275\u12cd\u120d\u12f1\u1293 \u12e8\u1218\u1295\u1348\u1231 \u1270\u130b\u122a \u1260\u1218\u1206\u1293\u1278\u12cd\u1363 \u12e8\u1201\u1290\u1271 \u2039\u1273\u122a\u12ad\u203a\u1290\u1275 \u1208\u1270\u1230\u12c9\u1275 \u12a5\u1295\u1302\u1363 \u1208\u12a5\u1290\u122d\u1231 \u2039\u1200\u1308\u122d \u12a5\u12e8\u1218\u122b\u1295\u1260\u1275 \u1290\u12cd\u203a \u12e8\u121a\u1209\u1260\u1275 \u2039\u1356\u1208\u1272\u12ab\u203a \u1290\u12cd\u1293\u1363 \u12e8\u1290\u1308\u12ed\u1277 \u12e8\u121d\u1295\u12c8\u12f3\u1275 \u12a2\u1275\u12ee\u1335\u12eb\u127d\u1295 \u1218\u1343\u12a2 \u12d5\u12f5\u120d \u1308\u1293 \u12a8\u12a5\u122d\u1235 \u1260\u12a5\u122d\u1235 \u130d\u132d\u1275 \u1235\u130b\u1275 \u12a0\u1208\u1218\u120b\u1240\u1241\u1295 \u12eb\u1218\u120b\u12ad\u1273\u120d\u1361\u1361 \u1260\u12da\u1205 \u1345\u1201\u134d\u121d \u12e8\u121d\u1295\u12d8\u1218\u122d\u1208\u1275 \u12e8\u2039\u12a0\u1275\u1290\u1233\u121d \u12c8\u12ed?\u203a \u12f5\u121d\u1345 \u12a0\u12f0\u1308\u129b\u12cd\u1295 \u1235\u122d\u12d3\u1275 \u12e8\u1218\u1240\u12e8\u122a\u12eb\u12cd \u130a\u12dc \u12a0\u1201\u1295 \u1260\u1218\u1206\u1291 \u1290\u12cd\u1361\u1361 \u12ed\u1205 \u130d\u1295 \u12a5\u1290\u12a2\u1205\u12a0\u1353 \u1270\u1278\u1295\u1348\u12cd \u12e8\u1270\u1230\u1293\u1260\u1271\u1260\u1275\u121d \u1206\u1290 \u12a2\u1205\u12a0\u12f4\u130d \u12f5\u120d \u12a0\u12f5\u122d\u130e \u12e8\u1218\u1323\u1260\u1275 \u1218\u1295\u1308\u12f5 \u1208\u12d8\u1218\u1291 \u1218\u120d\u12ab\u121d \u1270\u121e\u12ad\u122e \u120a\u1206\u1295 \u12ed\u127d\u120b\u120d \u12a5\u1295\u12f0\u121b\u1208\u1275 \u12a0\u12ed\u12f0\u1208\u121d\u1364 \u121d\u12ad\u1295\u12eb\u1271\u121d \u1260\u12a5\u1294 \u12a5\u121d\u1290\u1275 \u12e8\u12a5\u1290\u122d\u1231 \u2039\u134b\u1296\u1270\u1230\u121b\u122b\u2026\u203a \u130a\u12dc\u12cd \u1260\u1260\u12e8\u1290\u1260\u1275 \u1219\u12da\u12e8\u121d\u1293 \u12e8\u1273\u122a\u12ad \u1275\u121d\u1205\u122d\u1275 \u12ad\u134d\u120d \u12cd\u1235\u1325 \u1265\u127b \u12ab\u120d\u1270\u1308\u12f0\u1260 \u1309\u12f3\u1271 \u1260\u1240\u120b\u1209 \u12e8\u121a\u1320\u1308\u1295 \u12ab\u1208\u1218\u1206\u1291\u121d \u1263\u1208\u1348\u1363 \u12e8\u121d\u1295\u1218\u1298\u12cd\u1295 \u1208\u12cd\u1325 \u120a\u12eb\u1218\u1323 \u12a0\u12ed\u127d\u120d\u121d\u1293 \u1290\u12cd\u1361\u1361<\/p>\n
\u12e8\u1206\u1290\u12cd \u1206\u1296 \u1208\u1275\u12cd\u120d\u12f1 \u12ad\u1261\u12f5 \u1325\u12eb\u1244 \u1235\u12ac\u1273\u121b\u1290\u1275 \u1218\u1295\u1308\u12f5 \u1218\u122a \u12a0\u1265\u122d\u1206\u1275 \u1218\u1206\u1295 \u12e8\u121a\u127d\u1209 \u12e8\u12f0\u121d \u130d\u1265\u122d \u12eb\u120d\u1320\u12e8\u1241\u1363 \u134d\u1341\u121d \u1230\u120b\u121b\u12ca\u1293 \u1205\u130b\u12ca \u1260\u1206\u1290 \u1218\u1295\u1308\u12f5 \u1260\u12a8\u1270\u121e\u127d \u1270\u12ab\u1202\u12f0\u12cd \u1200\u1308\u122d\u1293 \u1205\u12dd\u1265 \u12eb\u1208 \u1265\u12d9 \u12aa\u1233\u122b \u1260\u12a0\u1238\u1293\u134a\u1290\u1275 \u12e8\u12c8\u1321\u1263\u1278\u12cd \u1260\u122d\u12ab\u1273 \u12a0\u1265\u1290\u1273\u12ca \u12a0\u1265\u12ee\u1276\u127d (\u12a5\u1295\u12f0 \u12a0\u1228\u1261 \u1340\u12f0\u12ed\u121d \u1206\u1290 \u12a5\u1295\u12f0 \u12a0\u12cd\u122e\u1353\u12cd\u12eb\u1291 \u1306\u122d\u1302\u12eb\u1293 \u12e9\u12ad\u122c\u1295 \u1265\u122d\u1271\u12ab\u1293\u121b-\u12a0\u1265\u12ee\u1276\u127d) \u1218\u1296\u122b\u1278\u12cd \u12a5\u12cd\u1290\u1275 \u1290\u12cd\u1364 \u12a5\u1295\u12f2\u1201\u121d \u1260\u12a5\u1290\u122d\u1231 \u1218\u1295\u1348\u1235 \u1218\u1240\u12f0\u1235\u1363 \u1260\u12a5\u1290\u122d\u1231 \u1340\u1260\u120d \u1218\u1320\u1218\u1245 \u12e8\u12a0\u121d\u1263\u1308\u1290\u1291\u1295\u1293 \u12e8\u1260\u12f0\u1208\u129b\u12cd\u1295 \u1225\u122d\u12d3\u1275 \u12a5\u12f5\u121c \u1208\u121b\u1233\u1320\u122d \u12e8\u121a\u12eb\u1260\u1228\u1273 \u1283\u12ed\u120d \u121b\u1235\u1228\u1341 \u12a5\u12cd\u1290\u1275 \u1290\u12cd\u1361\u1361<\/p>\n
\u12a8\u1270\u121b\u1295 \u12a5\u1295\u12f0 \u1320\u120b\u1275<\/p>\n
\u12e8\u2039\u12eb \u1275\u12cd\u120d\u12f5\u203a \u12e8\u1320\u1265-\u1218\u1295\u1303 \u1275\u1295\u1245\u1295\u1245\u1295 \u1260\u12f5\u120d \u12e8\u1270\u123b\u1308\u1228\u12cd \u12a2\u1205\u12a0\u12f4\u130d (\u12a8\u120d\u1261 \u12a0\u121d\u1296\u1260\u1275 \u1263\u12ed\u1206\u1295\u121d) \u12ed\u1205\u1295\u1295 \u1201\u1209 \u1218\u1235\u12cb\u12d5\u1275\u1290\u1275 \u12e8\u12a8\u1348\u1208\u12cd \u1260\u1270\u1208\u12ed\u121d \u1208\u12a0\u122d\u1236 \u12a0\u12f0\u1229 \u1325\u1245\u121d \u1218\u1206\u1291\u1295 \u1260\u12a0\u1308\u1298\u12cd \u12a0\u130b\u1323\u121a \u1233\u12ed\u1293\u1308\u122d \u12a0\u12eb\u120d\u134d\u121d\u1361\u1361 \u1260\u130d\u120d\u1263\u1329 \u12f0\u130d\u121e \u12e8\u12a8\u1270\u121b \u1290\u12cb\u122a\u12ce\u127d\u1295 \u2039\u1320\u120b\u1275\u203a \u12a0\u12f5\u122d\u130e \u1260\u1218\u1348\u1228\u1305 \u1232\u1308\u1290\u130d\u1295 \u1270\u12f0\u130b\u130d\u121e \u1270\u1235\u1270\u12cd\u120f\u120d\u1364 \u1260\u122d\u130d\u1325 \u12e8\u12da\u1205 \u1218\u130d\u134d\u12a4 \u1260\u1265\u1214\u122d \u12a5\u1293 \u1260\u1200\u12ed\u121b\u1296\u1275 \u12e8\u12a8\u134b\u1348\u1208\u12cd\u1295 \u1215\u12dd\u1265\u1363 \u1260\u1218\u12f0\u1265\u121d \u1208\u12eb\u12ed\u1276 \u12e8\u1225\u120d\u1323\u1295 \u12d5\u12f5\u121c \u121b\u122b\u12d8\u121a\u12eb \u1208\u121b\u12f5\u1228\u130d \u12a5\u1293 \u1260\u12e8\u12a0\u121d\u1235\u1275 \u12d3\u1218\u1271 \u1260\u121a\u12eb\u12ab\u1204\u12f0\u12cd \u12e8\u12ed\u1235\u1219\u120b \u2039\u121d\u122d\u132b\u203a \u12ae\u1228\u1306 \u1308\u120d\u1265\u1326 \u1232\u12eb\u1260\u1243 \u12e8\u1348\u1228\u12f0\u1260\u1275 \u121d\u1235\u12aa\u1295 \u12a0\u122d\u1236 \u12a0\u12f0\u122d \u2039\u1218\u122d\u1326\u129b\u120d\u203a \u1208\u121a\u1208\u12cd \u12e8\u1270\u1208\u1218\u12f0 \u1230\u1260\u1261 \u2039\u12ed\u1320\u1245\u1218\u129b\u120d\u203a \u1260\u121a\u120d \u1208\u121b\u1218\u127b\u1278\u1275 \u2039\u12a0\u12db\u129d \u1245\u1264\u2026\u203a \u1270\u1246\u122d\u124b\u122a \u1260\u1218\u1206\u1291 \u12ed\u1218\u1235\u1208\u129b\u120d\u1361\u1361 \u12ed\u1205\u121d \u1206\u1296 \u12f5\u122d\u1305\u1271 \u12ed\u1205\u1295\u1295 \u12e8\u121b\u132d\u1260\u122d\u1260\u122a\u12eb \u1235\u120d\u1275 \u1260\u12f0\u12f0\u1262\u1275 \u1260\u1228\u1203 \u122b\u1231 \u12e8\u1240\u1218\u1228\u12cd \u1290\u12cd \u1265\u120e \u1208\u1218\u12a8\u122b\u12a8\u122d \u12e8\u121a\u12eb\u1235\u127d\u120d \u1308\u134a \u132d\u1265\u1325 \u12ed\u1296\u122b\u120d \u1265\u12ec \u12a0\u120b\u1235\u1265\u121d\u1364 \u121d\u12ad\u1295\u12eb\u1271\u121d \u1260\u12a0\u1295\u12f3\u1295\u12f5 \u12e8\u12d3\u1208\u121b\u127d\u1295 \u1200\u1308\u122b\u1275 \u12e8\u1356\u1208\u1272\u12ab\u12cd\u1295 \u1283\u12ed\u120d \u12a8\u1328\u1260\u1321 \u1260\u128b\u120b \u1260\u1215\u12dd\u1263\u1278\u12cd \u120b\u12ed \u1290\u130b\u122a\u1275 \u130e\u1235\u1218\u12cd \u121e\u1275\u1295 \u12a8\u1290\u12d9\u1363 \u1235\u1243\u12ed\u1295 \u12a8\u1228\u1329 \u12a5\u122d\u12a9\u1233\u1295 \u1218\u122a\u12ce\u127d (\u1353\u122d\u1272\u12ce\u127d) \u12f5\u122d\u1233\u1293\u1275 \u1243\u120d-\u1260\u1243\u120d \u12e8\u1270\u1308\u1208\u1260\u1320 \u1218\u1206\u1291\u1295 \u12e8\u121a\u12eb\u1235\u1228\u130d\u1321 (\u1260\u1235\u1290-\u12a0\u1218\u12ad\u1295\u12ee) \u12e8\u1270\u1240\u1299 \u121b\u1233\u12eb\u12ce\u127d \u121b\u1245\u1228\u1265 \u12ed\u127b\u120b\u120d\u1293\u1364 \u12a5\u1295\u12f0\u121d\u1233\u120c\u121d \u12a0\u1295\u12f1\u1295 \u1260\u12a0\u12f2\u1235 \u1218\u1235\u1218\u122d \u12a5\u1295\u121d\u12d8\u12d8\u12cd\u1361-<\/p>\n
\u12e8\u2039\u12ac\u1218\u122d \u1229\u12e5\u203a \u1218\u1295\u1308\u12f5<\/p>\n
\u1260\u1270\u1208\u121d\u12f6 \u2039\u12ac\u1218\u122d \u1229\u12e5\u203a (Khmer Rouge) \u1260\u1218\u1263\u120d \u12e8\u121a\u1273\u12c8\u1240\u12cd\u1293 \u12a0\u12ad\u122b\u122a \u12ae\u121d\u1292\u1235\u1273\u12ca \u12e8\u1308\u1260\u122c\u12ce\u127d \u12f5\u122d\u1305\u1275 \u12a5\u1295\u12f0\u1206\u1290 \u12e8\u121a\u1290\u1308\u122d\u1208\u1275 \u2039\u2039Communist Party of Kampuchea \/CPK\/\u203a\u203a \u12a5.\u12a4.\u12a0 \u12a81975-1979 \u12d3.\u121d \u12f5\u1228\u1235\u1363 \u1260\u12c8\u1323\u1275 \u12e8\u1308\u1260\u122c \u1220\u122b\u12ca\u1275 \u1273\u130d\u12de \u1260\u12ab\u121d\u1266\u12f2\u12eb \u1218\u1295\u130d\u1235\u1273\u12ca \u1225\u120d\u1323\u1295 \u1270\u1246\u1293\u1325\u1326 \u12a5\u1295\u12f0\u1290\u1260\u1228 \u12ed\u1273\u12c8\u1233\u120d\u1361\u1361 \u1328\u12ab\u129d\u1293 \u12a0\u134d\u1243\u122a \u127b\u12ed\u1293 \u12e8\u1206\u1290\u12cd \u12e8\u1353\u122d\u1272\u12cd \u120a\u1240-\u1218\u1295\u1260\u122d \u1356\u120d \u1356\u1275\u121d (Pol Pot)\u1363 \u121b\u12a6 \u12dc\u12f1\u1295\u130d \u2039\u2039\u12e8\u1200\u1308\u122c\u1295 \u12a2\u12ae\u1296\u121a \u12eb\u1233\u12f5\u130d\u120d\u129b\u120d\u203a\u203a \u1260\u121b\u1208\u1275 \u12eb\u1228\u1240\u1240\u12cd\u1295\u1293 \u1260\u130d\u1265\u122d\u1293 \u120b\u12ed \u12e8\u121a\u12eb\u1270\u12a9\u1228\u12cd\u1295 \u2039\u2039Great Leap Forward\u203a\u203a \u1355\u122e\u130d\u122b\u121d\u1363 \u2039\u2039Super Great Leap Forward\u203a\u203a \u1260\u121a\u120d \u1270\u1240\u1325\u120b \u12a5\u1295\u12f0\u12c8\u1228\u12f0 \u1260\u1218\u12ae\u1228\u1305 \u2039\u2039\u1219\u1209 \u12e8\u12ab\u121d\u1266\u12f2\u12eb\u1295 \u1215\u12dd\u1265 \u12c8\u12f0 \u2039\u12a5\u122d\u123b \u1218\u122d-\u130b\u12dc\u1320\u129b \u1270\u1218\u1235\u1308\u1295 \u12f0\u1233\u1208\u129d \u12a2\u12ae\u1296\u121a \u121b\u1205\u1260\u1228\u1230\u1265\u203a (Agrarian Society) \u12a5\u1240\u12ed\u122b\u1208\u1201\u203a\u203a \u1265\u120e \u12eb\u12f0\u1228\u1308\u12cd \u1219\u12a8\u122b \u12c8\u132a-\u12aa\u1233\u122b\u1295 \u12eb\u12c8\u122b\u1228\u12f0\u12cd \u1201\u1208\u1275 \u121a\u120a\u12ee\u1295 \u12dc\u130e\u1279\u1295\u1208\u1205\u120d\u1348\u1275 \u1260\u1218\u12f3\u1228\u130d \u12a5\u1295\u12f0 \u1290\u1260\u122d \u12e8\u1273\u122a\u12ad \u1218\u1343\u1205\u134d\u1275 \u12eb\u1275\u1273\u1209\u1361\u1361<\/p>\n
\u12a8\u1201\u1209\u121d \u12e8\u12a8\u134b\u12cd \u130d\u1295 \u1356\u120d \u1356\u1275\u1293 \u1313\u12f6\u1279 \u2039\u2039\u12a5\u12cd\u1290\u1270\u129b \u12dc\u130b \u1308\u1260\u122c \u1265\u127b \u1290\u12cd\u203a\u203a \u1260\u121b\u1208\u1275 \u12e8\u12a8\u1270\u121b \u1290\u12cb\u122a\u12ce\u127d\u1295 \u1260\u1320\u120b\u1275\u1290\u1275 \u12a8\u1348\u1228\u1301 \u1260\u128b\u120b \u2039\u2039\u121b\u1205\u1260\u1228\u1230\u1263\u127d\u1295\u1295 \u1208\u121b\u1295\u1343\u1275\u203a\u203a \u1260\u121a\u120d \u12e8\u1241\u121d-\u1245\u12e0\u1275 \u121d\u12d5\u122b\u1263\u12ca \u12a0\u1235\u1270\u1233\u1230\u1265 \u12e8\u1270\u1295\u1340\u1263\u1228\u1240\u1260\u1275\u1295 \u121b\u1295\u129b\u12cd\u1295\u121d \u1309\u12f3\u12ed\u1363 \u12e8\u12a8\u1270\u121b \u1215\u12ed\u12c8\u1275\u1295\u1363 \u1283\u12ed\u121b\u1296\u1275\u1295\u1363 \u1275\u121d\u1205\u122d\u1275\u1295\u1363 \u12a0\u1295\u12f5 \u1265\u122d\u121d \u1262\u1206\u1295 \u1260\u130d\u120d \u1218\u12eb\u12dd\u1295\u2026 \u1260\u12a0\u12cb\u1305 \u121b\u1308\u12f3\u1278\u12cd \u1290\u1260\u122d\u1364 \u12a5\u1295\u12f2\u1201\u121d \u12a2\u121d\u1263\u1234\u12ce\u127d\u1295\u1363 \u130b\u12dc\u1323\u1293 \u1274\u120c\u126a\u12e5\u1295 \u1323\u1262\u12eb\u1295 \u12d8\u130d\u1270\u12cb\u120d\u1364 \u1260\u1201\u1209\u121d \u12e8\u1200\u1308\u122a\u1271 \u12a8\u1270\u121e\u127d \u12e8\u121a\u1296\u1229 \u12dc\u130e\u127d\u1295 \u1260\u121b\u1348\u1293\u1240\u120d \u12c8\u12f0 \u1308\u1320\u122d \u12a0\u130d\u12d8\u12cd\u1363 \u1260\u130d\u12f3\u1305 \u12e8\u12a5\u122d\u123b \u1225\u122b \u120b\u12ed \u12a0\u1230\u121b\u122d\u1270\u12cb\u120d\u1364 \u12a8\u12cb\u1293 \u12a8\u1270\u121b\u12cb \u2039\u1348\u1296\u121e \u1354\u1295\u1205\u203a (Phnom Penh) \u1265\u127b \u1201\u1208\u1275 \u121a\u120a\u12ee\u1295 \u12dc\u130e\u127d \u12c8\u12f0\u1308\u1320\u122d \u1260\u12a5\u130d\u122d \u12a5\u1295\u12f2\u1313\u12d9 \u1260\u1218\u1308\u12f0\u12f3\u1278\u12cd \u1203\u12eb \u123a\u1205 \u12e8\u121a\u1206\u1291\u1275 \u1260\u1309\u12de \u120b\u12ed \u12c8\u12f5\u1240\u12cd \u12a5\u1295\u12f0\u12c8\u1321 \u1240\u122d\u1270\u12cb\u120d\u1364 \u1308\u1320\u122d \u12e8\u12f0\u1228\u1231\u1275\u1295\u121d \u1262\u1206\u1295 \u2039\u12e8\u130d\u12f5\u12eb \u12c8\u1228\u12f3\u12ce\u127d\u203a \u12a5\u12eb\u1209 \u1260\u121a\u1320\u122f\u1278\u12cd \u12e8\u12a5\u122d\u123b \u1225\u122b \u120b\u12ed \u12a0\u1230\u121b\u122d\u1270\u12cd \u1208\u12a0\u1295\u12f5 \u1230\u12cd \u1260\u1290\u134d\u1235 \u12c8\u12a8\u134d \u1260\u12e8\u1201\u1208\u1275 \u1240\u1291 \u12a0\u1295\u12f4 180 \u130d\u122b\u121d \u1229\u12dd \u1265\u127b \u1260\u1218\u1235\u1320\u1275 \u1260\u1228\u1200\u1265\u1363 \u1260\u1260\u123d\u1273\u1363 \u1265\u1235\u1245\u12e8\u1275 \u12a5\u1293 \u1260\u130d\u12f5\u12eb \u12a5\u1295\u12f2\u12eb\u120d\u1241 \u12a0\u12f5\u122d\u1313\u120d\u1361\u1361 \u1260\u1218\u1328\u1228\u123b\u121d \u12a0\u1308\u12db\u12d9 \u1260\u126c\u1275\u1293\u121d \u1323\u120d\u1243 \u1308\u1265\u1290\u1275 \u12a5.\u12a4.\u12a0 \u12601979 \u12d3.\u121d \u1260\u1283\u12ed\u120d \u1260\u1218\u12c8\u1308\u12f1\u1363 \u1356\u120d \u1356\u1275 \u12a8\u12a5\u1290\u1270\u12a8\u1273\u12ee\u1279 \u1200\u1308\u1229 \u12a8\u1273\u12ed\u120b\u1295\u12f5 \u12c8\u12f0\u121d\u1275\u12cb\u1230\u1295\u1260\u1275 \u1320\u1228\u134d \u12a0\u12ab\u1263\u1262 \u1260\u1218\u1238\u123d\u1363 \u12e8\u1275\u1325\u1245 \u1275\u130d\u120d \u12a5\u1295\u12f0\u12a0\u12f2\u1235 \u1300\u121d\u122e \u1208\u1228\u12e5\u121d \u12d3\u1218\u1273\u1275 \u12a8\u1273\u1308\u1208 \u1260\u128b\u120b\u1363 \u12a5.\u12a4.\u12a0 \u12601997 \u12d3.\u121d \u12a5\u122d\u1305\u1293 \u1270\u132d\u1296\u1275 \u1260\u1205\u130d \u1241\u1325\u1325\u122d \u1235\u122d \u1260\u12cb\u1208\u1363 \u1260\u12d3\u1218\u1271 \u12a8\u120d\u1265 \u130b\u122d \u1260\u1270\u12eb\u12eb\u12d8 \u1205\u1218\u121d \u121d\u12ad\u1295\u12eb\u1275 \u1205\u12ed\u12c8\u1271 \u121b\u1208\u1349 \u12ed\u1273\u12c8\u1243\u120d (\u1260\u1290\u1308\u122b\u127d\u1295 \u120b\u12ed \u12ed\u1205 \u12f5\u122d\u1305\u1275 \u12e8\u123d\u121d\u1245 \u12cd\u130a\u12eb \u12a8\u1218\u1300\u1218\u1229 \u1260\u134a\u1275\u121d \u1206\u1290 \u1260\u128b\u120b \u12e8\u1270\u1320\u1293\u12a8\u1228\u1260\u1275\u1295 \u121d\u1235\u1322\u122b\u12ca \u1218\u1295\u1308\u12f5 \u1328\u121d\u122e \u12e8\u1270\u12a8\u1270\u1208\u12cd \u1235\u120d\u1275 \u12a8\u121e\u120b \u130e\u12f0\u120d \u12a8\u12a2\u1205\u12a0\u1353\u1293 \u1205\u12c8\u1213\u1275 \u12a0\u1348\u1323\u1320\u122d \u1275\u122d\u12ad\u1275 \u130b\u122d \u1270\u1218\u1233\u1233\u12ed\u1290\u1275 \u12a0\u1208\u12cd)<\/p>\n
\u12a2\u1205\u12a0\u12f4\u130d \u12a5\u1295\u12f0 \u2039\u12ac\u1218\u122d \u1229\u12e5\u203a<\/p>\n
\u12a8\u1201\u1208\u1275 \u12a0\u1235\u122d\u1270 \u12d3\u1218\u1273\u1275 \u12e8\u1225\u120d\u1323\u1295 \u1246\u12ed\u1273\u121d \u1260\u128b\u120b\u1363 \u12e8\u12a8\u1270\u121b \u1290\u12cb\u122a\u12ce\u127d\u1295 \u1260\u1320\u120b\u1275\u1290\u1275 \u12ab\u1230\u1348\u1228\u1260\u1275 \u1325\u1241\u122d \u1218\u12dd\u1308\u1261 \u120b\u12ed \u1218\u1230\u1228\u12d9 \u12eb\u120d\u1206\u1290\u1208\u1275 \u12a2\u1205\u12a0\u12f4\u130d \u2039\u12a5\u1295\u12f0 \u12ac\u1218\u122d \u1229\u12e5 \u1201\u1209\u1295\u121d \u12e8\u132d\u12ab\u1294 \u1270\u130d\u1263\u122b\u1275 \u1260\u12a0\u12f0\u1263\u1263\u12ed \u1348\u1345\u121f\u120d\u203a \u1270\u1265\u120e \u1263\u12ed\u12c8\u1290\u1300\u120d\u121d\u1363 \u1270\u1218\u1233\u1233\u12ed \u1235\u120d\u1276\u127d\u1295 \u1260\u1218\u12ae\u1228\u1305 \u1260\u1228\u1240\u1240 \u1218\u1295\u1308\u12f5 \u12a0\u1208\u12dd\u1266 \u1218\u1270\u130d\u1260\u1229\u1295 \u130d\u1295 \u1218\u12ab\u12f5 \u12a0\u12ed\u127b\u120d\u121d\u1361\u1361 \u12a5\u1295\u12f2\u1201\u121d \u12e8\u1201\u1208\u1271 \u12f5\u122d\u1305\u1276\u127d \u12cb\u1290\u129b \u120d\u12e9\u1290\u1275 \u12c8\u12f0 \u12a5\u1295\u12f2\u1205 \u12a0\u12ed\u1290\u1271 \u12e8\u1325\u120b\u127b \u1320\u122d\u12dd
\u12e8\u1270\u1308\u1349\u1260\u1275 \u121d\u12ad\u1295\u12eb\u1275 \u12ed\u1218\u1235\u1208\u129b\u120d\u1364 \u12ed\u12b8\u12cd\u121d \u1348\u120b\u132d \u1246\u122b\u1329 \u1356\u120d \u1356\u1275 \u1260\u12a8\u1270\u121c\u12cd \u120b\u12ed \u12e8\u12a8\u134b \u1242\u121d \u12e8\u124b\u1320\u1228\u1260\u1275 \u1218\u1290\u123e\u1363 \u12a8\u1308\u1260\u122c \u1264\u1270\u1230\u1265 \u1218\u1308\u1298\u1271\u1295 \u1328\u121d\u122e\u1363 \u12a8\u12a0\u1235\u1270\u12f3\u12f0\u1309 \u130b\u122d \u1260\u121a\u12eb\u12eb\u12d9 \u2039\u1205\u1218\u121b\u1278\u12cd-\u1205\u1218\u121c\u203a \u1260\u121a\u120d \u1232\u1263\u130e \u12e8\u1270\u124b\u1320\u1228 \u1232\u1206\u1295\u1363 \u1218\u1208\u1235\u1293 \u1313\u12f6\u1279 \u12f0\u130d\u121e \u12e8\u1225\u120d\u1323\u1295 \u12d5\u12f5\u121c\u12eb\u1278\u12cd\u1295 \u1208\u121b\u122b\u12d8\u121d \u1260\u121b\u1235\u120b\u1275 \u1265\u127b \u1218\u1206\u1291 \u1290\u12cd\u1364 \u1218\u127c\u121d \u1218\u122c\u1275 \u12e8\u1228\u1308\u1320\u12cd\u1295 \u12a5\u12cd\u1290\u1273 \u1270\u1218\u120d\u12ad\u1276 \u12e8\u1200\u1308\u122c \u12a0\u122d\u1236 \u12a0\u12f0\u122d \u12a8\u1355\u122e\u1353\u130b\u1295\u12f3 \u134d\u1306\u1273 \u1260\u12d8\u1208\u1208\u1363 \u12a8\u12a8\u1270\u121c\u12cd \u12e8\u1270\u1208\u12e8 \u12e8\u1218\u120d\u12ab\u121d \u12a0\u1235\u1270\u12f3\u12f0\u122d\u121d \u1206\u1290 \u12e8\u1218\u1230\u1228\u1270-\u120d\u121b\u1275 \u1270\u1320\u1243\u121a \u12a0\u1208\u1218\u1206\u1291\u1295 \u1218\u1228\u12f3\u1271 \u12a0\u12f3\u130b\u127d \u12a0\u12ed\u12f0\u1208\u121d\u1361\u1361 \u12e8\u1206\u1290\u12cd \u1206\u1296 \u12e8\u12a2\u1205\u12a0\u12f4\u130d \u2039\u1340\u1228-\u12a8\u1270\u121c\u1290\u1275\u203a \u12a5\u1295\u12f2\u1205 \u1260\u130d\u120b\u132d \u12a0\u134d\u1325\u1326 \u12e8\u12c8\u1323\u12cd \u12a8\u121d\u122d\u132b 97 \u1260\u128b\u120b \u1290\u12cd\u1364 \u1260\u12c8\u1245\u1271 \u1320\u1245\u120b\u12ed \u121a\u1295\u1235\u1275\u1229 \u1260\u1274\u120c\u126a\u12e5\u1295 \u1218\u1235\u12ae\u1275 \u1240\u122d\u1266\u1363 \u12f5\u122d\u1305\u1271 \u1260\u12a8\u1270\u121e\u127d \u1218\u1238\u1290\u1349\u1295 \u12a8\u1308\u1208\u1340 \u1260\u128b\u120b\u1363 \u1260\u1308\u1320\u122d \u1219\u1209 \u1260\u1219\u1209 \u1235\u1208\u1270\u1233\u12ab\u1208\u1275 \u1218\u1295\u130d\u1235\u1275 \u1208\u1218\u1218\u1235\u1228\u1275 \u12e8\u121a\u12eb\u1235\u127d\u120d \u12e8\u1218\u122b\u132d \u12f5\u121d\u1345 \u121b\u130d\u1298\u1271\u1295 \u12a0\u12cd\u1307\u120d\u1364 \u12ed\u1205\u1295\u1295\u121d \u1270\u12a8\u1275\u120e \u130d\u1295\u1263\u1229\u1295 \u12eb\u120d\u1218\u1228\u1321 \u12e8\u12a8\u1270\u121b \u1290\u12cb\u122a\u12ce\u127d \u1260\u1270\u1240\u1290\u1263\u1260\u1228 \u1234\u122b \u12e8\u1325\u1243\u1275 \u12d2\u120b\u121b \u1218\u1206\u1293\u1278\u12cd\u1295 \u12e8\u121a\u12eb\u1218\u120b\u12ad\u1271 \u1260\u122d\u12ab\u1273 \u12a5\u122d\u121d\u1303\u12ce\u127d\u1295 \u12c8\u1235\u12f7\u120d\u1361\u1361 \u1260\u1270\u1208\u12ed\u121d \u1260\u12f5\u1205\u1228-\u121d\u122d\u132b\u12cd \u12a8\u1270\u121c\u12cd\u1295 \u12d2\u120b\u121b \u12eb\u12f0\u1228\u1309 \u1260\u1235\u122b \u120b\u12ed \u12e8\u12cb\u1209 \u12a0\u134b\u129d \u1205\u130e\u127d \u12a5\u1293 \u1356\u120a\u1232\u12ce\u127d\u1295 \u1328\u121d\u122e \u1260\u12f0\u1263 \u12e8\u1270\u1348\u1340\u1219 \u1218\u1295\u130d\u1235\u1273\u12ca \u1325\u134b\u1276\u127d\u1295 \u12d8\u122d\u12d8\u122d \u12a0\u12f5\u122d\u1308\u1295 \u12a5\u1295\u12eb\u1278\u12cd\u1361\u1361<\/p>\n
\u1218\u122c\u1275\u1295 \u1260\u1270\u1218\u1208\u12a8\u1270 \u12e8\u12c8\u1323\u12cd\u1295 \u12e8\u120a\u12dd \u12a0\u12cb\u1305 \u1260\u1240\u12f3\u121a \u121d\u1233\u120c\u1290\u1275 \u12a5\u1293\u1295\u1233\u12cd\u1364 \u1353\u122d\u1272\u12cd \u12601987 \u12d3.\u121d \u1263\u1340\u12f0\u1240\u12cd \u1205\u1308-\u1218\u1295\u130d\u1235\u1275 \u12e8\u1218\u122c\u1275 \u1356\u120a\u1232\u12cd\u1295 \u12a0\u1295\u12f1 \u12d5\u121b\u12f5 \u12a0\u12f5\u122d\u130e \u1260\u121b\u12ab\u1270\u1271\u1363 \u12e8\u1218\u1295\u130d\u1235\u1275 \u132d\u1230\u129d\u1290\u1275\u1295 (Tenants of the state) \u1260\u1308\u1320\u1229 \u12ad\u134d\u120d \u1232\u12eb\u1230\u134d\u1295\u1363 \u12e8\u1218\u122c\u1275 \u12a8\u134a\u120d \u1263\u1208\u1264\u1275\u1290\u1275\u1295 \u12f0\u130d\u121e \u1208\u12a8\u1270\u121e\u127d \u12a5\u1295\u12f2\u1348\u1245\u12f5 \u12a0\u12f5\u122d\u130e\u1275 \u1290\u1260\u122d\u1361\u1361 \u12a5\u1293\u121d \u12e8\u130d\u120d \u12ed\u12de\u1273\u1295 \u1218\u1238\u1325 (\u1218\u1295\u130d\u1235\u1275 \u1208\u121a\u1348\u120d\u130b\u1278\u12cd \u2039\u2039\u120d\u121b\u1276\u127d\u203a\u203a\u121d \u1206\u1290
\u1260\u120a\u12dd \u1208\u1218\u1278\u1265\u1278\u1265 \u12dc\u130e\u127d\u1295 \u12e8\u121b\u1348\u1293\u1240\u120d \u1218\u1265\u1275 \u12a8\u121b\u130d\u1298\u1271 \u12cd\u132a) \u12a5\u1235\u12a8 97\u1271 \u12f5\u1205\u1228-\u121d\u122d\u132b \u12f5\u1228\u1235 \u1270\u1348\u1245\u12f6 \u12e8\u12d8\u1208\u1240\u1260\u1275 \u1202\u12f0\u1275\u1363 \u1260\u12da\u1205 \u12e8\u120a\u12dd \u12a0\u12cb\u1305 \u1260\u1218\u123b\u1229 \u12e8\u1270\u1290\u1233\u1363 \u1290\u12cb\u122a\u12cd \u1218\u122c\u1275 \u1260\u1218\u1238\u1325 \u120a\u12eb\u1308\u129d \u12ed\u127d\u120d \u12e8\u1290\u1260\u1228\u12cd \u1308\u1262 \u1270\u1328\u121d\u1246 \u12c8\u12f0 \u1218\u1295\u130d\u1235\u1275 \u12ab\u12dd\u1293 \u12a5\u1295\u12f2\u123b\u1308\u122d \u1206\u1297\u120d\u1361\u1361 \u12e8\u12da\u1205\u1295 \u12a0\u12cb\u1305 \u2039\u1356\u1208\u1272\u12ab\u12ca \u1295\u1263\u1265\u203a \u12cd\u1235\u1325 \u12e8\u121d\u1293\u1308\u1298\u12cd \u132d\u1265\u1325\u1363 \u1260\u12a8\u134a\u120d\u121d \u1262\u1206\u1295 \u1218\u122c\u1275 \u120b\u12ed \u12e8\u1246\u1218\u12cd\u1295 \u12e8\u1200\u1265\u1275 \u1218\u1230\u1228\u1275 \u1260\u1218\u1293\u12f5\u1363 \u12e8\u1270\u1243\u12cd\u121e \u1283\u12ed\u1209 \u12e8\u12f5\u130b\u134d \u1218\u12d5\u12a8\u120d \u12a5\u1295\u12f0\u1206\u1290 \u12eb\u1218\u1290\u12cd\u1295 \u12e8\u121b\u1205\u1260\u1228\u1230\u1265 \u12ad\u134d\u120d \u12ad\u1349\u129b \u121b\u12f5\u1240\u1241\u1295 \u1235\u1295\u1228\u12f3 \u1290\u12cd\u1361\u1361 \u12a0\u12cb\u1301\u1295 \u12a5\u1295\u1208\u1325\u1320\u12cd \u12ab\u120d\u1295 \u12f0\u130d\u121e \u130d\u1295\u1263\u1229 \u1260\u1308\u1320\u1229 \u12eb\u1290\u1260\u1228\u12cd\u1295 \u12e8\u12dc\u130e\u127d \u12e8\u1218\u1295\u130d\u1235\u1275 \u132d\u1230\u129d\u1290\u1275 \u1260\u1320\u1218\u12dd\u121b\u12db \u1218\u1295\u1308\u12f5\u1363 \u1260\u1270\u1208\u12ed\u121d \u1260\u12a0\u12f2\u1235 \u12a0\u1260\u1263 \u12e8\u1218\u1348\u1338\u121d \u12d5\u1245\u12f1 \u12a0\u12f5\u122d\u1308\u1295 \u120d\u1295\u12c8\u1235\u12f0\u12cd \u12a5\u1295\u127d\u120b\u1208\u1295\u1361\u1361<\/p>\n
\u12e8\u12a2\u1205\u12a0\u12f4\u130d \u12a8\u1270\u121b\u1295\u1293 \u12a8\u1270\u121c\u12ce\u127d\u1295 \u12e8\u1218\u134d\u122b\u1275 \u12a0\u1263\u12dc \u12a8\u132b\u12ab \u1275\u130d\u1209 \u130b\u122d\u121d \u1260\u1228\u12e5\u1219 \u12e8\u121a\u1270\u1233\u1230\u122d \u1290\u12cd\u1361\u1361 \u1260\u12c8\u1245\u1271 \u1260\u1325\u120b\u127b \u12a8\u1218\u1270\u12eb\u12e8\u1275 \u12a0\u120d\u134e \u12f0\u121d \u12e8\u1270\u1243\u1263\u1278\u12cd \u12a2\u1205\u12a0\u1353\u1295 \u1218\u1230\u120d \u1283\u12ed\u120e\u127d \u1218\u1230\u1228\u1273\u1278\u12cd \u12a8\u1270\u121e\u127d \u120b\u12ed \u12a5\u1295\u12f0\u1290\u1260\u1228 \u12ed\u1273\u12c8\u1243\u120d\u1364 \u1260\u12a0\u1293\u1271\u121d \u1260\u1275\u130d\u1209 \u1218\u1320\u1293\u1240\u1242\u12eb \u12cb\u12dc\u121b \u12a5\u1293 \u121b\u130d\u1235\u1275 \u120a\u1308\u12db\u1208\u1275 \u12eb\u120d\u127b\u1208\u12cd (\u121b\u121b\u1208\u1209 \u12eb\u120d\u1270\u1233\u12ab\u1208\u1275) \u120d\u1265 \u1260\u1270\u1208\u12ed \u12e8\u12a0\u12f2\u1235 \u12a0\u1260\u1264\u12ce\u127d\u1295 \u1290\u1260\u122d\u1364 \u12601980\u12ce\u1279 \u1218\u1300\u1218\u122a\u12eb\u121d \u1353\u122d\u1272\u12cd \u12a0\u1295\u1308\u1275 \u120b\u12ed \u1273\u1295\u1246 \u120a\u12f0\u134b\u12cd \u12e8\u1290\u1260\u1228\u12cd \u12cb\u1290\u129b \u1309\u12f3\u12ed\u1363 \u1265\u1214\u122d \u1270\u12ae\u122d \u1235\u122d\u12d3\u1271 \u1205\u1308-\u1218\u1295\u130d\u1235\u1273\u12ca \u12f5\u130b\u134d \u1232\u12eb\u1308\u129d\u1293 \u12e8\u1265\u1204\u122d \u1356\u1208\u1272\u12ab \u1265\u1278\u129b\u12cd \u12e8\u12f5\u130b\u134d\u121d \u12e8\u1270\u1243\u12cd\u121e\u121d \u1270\u12cb\u1235\u12a6 \u12a5\u1295\u12f2\u1206\u1295 \u1218\u12f0\u1228\u1309 \u1290\u1260\u122d\u1361\u1361 \u12ed\u1205\u1295\u1295\u121d \u1270\u12a8\u1275\u120e \u1260\u12a2\u1275\u12ee\u1335\u12eb\u12ca\u1265\u1214\u122d\u1270\u129d\u1290\u1275 \u1218\u1295\u1348\u1235 \u12a8\u1270\u1308\u122b\u12cd \u12e8\u12a0\u12f2\u1235 \u12a0\u1260\u1264 \u1265\u1214\u122d \u12d8\u1208\u120d \u121b\u1295\u1290\u1275 \u130b\u122d \u12a5\u1295\u12f2\u1205 \u1260\u134a\u1275 \u1208\u134a\u1275 \u1218\u130b\u1328\u1271\u1363 \u12a8\u1270\u121b\u12ed\u1271\u1295 \u1260\u12c8\u1228\u122b \u12e8\u12eb\u12db\u1275 \u12a5\u1235\u12aa\u1218\u1235\u120d \u12f5\u1228\u1235 \u1260\u1325\u120b\u127b \u12a5\u1295\u12f2\u12d8\u121d\u1271\u1260\u1275 \u12a0\u1290\u1233\u1235\u1277\u120d\u1361\u1361<\/p>\n
\u1201\u1208\u1270\u129b\u12cd \u121d\u12d5\u122b\u134d \u12e8\u12a2\u1275\u12ee-\u12a4\u122d\u1275\u122b \u1326\u122d\u1290\u1275\u1295 \u1270\u12a8\u1275\u120e \u12e8\u1218\u1323\u12cd \u12e8\u12a0\u1230\u1265 \u12c8\u12f0\u1265\u1295 \u12c8\u12f0 \u12a2\u1275\u12ee\u1335\u12eb \u130d\u12db\u1275 \u12a5\u1295\u12f2\u12ab\u1208\u120d \u12e8\u1218\u1348\u1208\u130d \u12e8\u12a8\u1270\u121c\u12ce\u1279 \u130d\u134a\u1275 \u1290\u12cd\u1361\u1361 \u1326\u122d\u1290\u1271 \u1232\u12eb\u1260\u1243\u1293 \u12e8\u12a2\u1275\u12ee\u1335\u12eb \u12c8\u1273\u12f0\u122e\u127d \u12c8\u12f0 \u128b\u120b \u12a5\u1295\u12f2\u12eb\u1348\u1308\u134d\u1309 \u1232\u1308\u12f0\u12f1 \u12e8\u1290\u12cb\u122a\u12cd \u1241\u1323 \u1265\u122d\u1271 \u12a5\u1295\u12f0\u1290\u1260\u122d \u12a5\u1293\u1235\u1273\u12cd\u1233\u1208\u1295\u1361\u1361 \u12ed\u1205 \u12a5\u12cd\u1290\u1275\u121d \u120c\u120b\u129b\u12cd \u1353\u122d\u1272\u12cd\u1295 \u1242\u121d \u12eb\u1235\u124b\u1320\u1228 \u12ad\u1235\u1270\u1275 \u1206\u1296 \u12a0\u120d\u134f\u120d\u1361\u1361 \u1260\u12f5\u1205\u1228-\u121d\u122d\u132b 97 \u12e8\u1340\u12f0\u1240\u12cd\u1293 \u12a0\u134b\u129d\u1290\u1271 \u1260\u1270\u130d\u1263\u122d \u12e8\u1270\u1228\u130b\u1308\u1320\u12cd \u12e8\u1232\u126a\u120d \u121b\u1205\u1260\u1228\u1230\u1261\u1295 \u12e8\u121a\u1218\u1208\u12a8\u1270\u12cd \u12a0\u12cb\u1305\u121d \u2039\u12e8\u1265\u12d9\u12ce\u127d \u1270\u124b\u121b\u1275 \u12cb\u1293\u1218\u1240\u1218\u132b \u12a0\u12f2\u1235 \u12a0\u1260\u1263 \u12a8\u1218\u1206\u1291 \u130b\u122d \u1270\u12eb\u12ed\u12de \u12e8\u12c8\u1323 \u1290\u12cd\u203a \u1260\u121b\u1208\u1275 \u12a8\u12e8\u12a0\u1245\u1323\u132b\u12cd \u12ed\u1290\u1233 \u12e8\u1290\u1260\u1228\u12cd\u1295 \u12e8\u1270\u1243\u12cd\u121e \u12cd\u130d\u12d8\u1275 \u12a0\u1323\u1325\u120e\u1363 \u1260\u1225\u122b\u120b\u12ed \u1263\u12cb\u1208\u1260\u1275 \u12d3\u1218\u1275 \u1260\u122d\u12ab\u1273 \u1270\u124b\u121b\u1275\u1295 \u12a8\u121b\u1348\u122b\u1228\u1231 \u12a0\u12b3\u12eb\u1363 \u1218\u1300\u1218\u122a\u12eb\u12cd\u1295\u121d \u1208\u12a5\u1295\u12f2\u1205 \u12a0\u12ed\u1290\u1271 \u12ad\u1349 \u12a5\u122d\u121d\u1303 \u1273\u1235\u1266 \u12e8\u1270\u12d8\u130b\u1300 \u1290\u12cd \u12c8\u12f0\u121a\u120d \u1325\u122d\u12dd \u12ed\u1308\u134b\u120d\u1361\u1361 \u1260\u1270\u1328\u121b\u122a\u121d \u12eb\u1208\u1349\u1275\u1295 \u1203\u12eb \u1201\u1208\u1275 \u12d3\u1218\u1273\u1275 \u1219\u1209 \u1260\u12a0\u12ed\u1291 \u1218\u12d3\u1275 \u12e8\u121a\u12eb\u12eb\u1278\u12cd \u121d\u1201\u122b\u1295\u1363 \u12e8\u1290\u1343\u12cd \u1355\u122c\u1235 \u12a0\u1263\u120b\u1275 \u12a5\u1293 \u1260\u12e8\u12d8\u1218\u1291 \u12a8\u1263\u12f5 \u1270\u130d\u12f3\u122e\u1275 \u12e8\u1348\u1320\u1229\u1260\u1275 \u12e8\u1270\u1243\u12cd\u121e \u1235\u1265\u1235\u1266\u127d \u1320\u1295\u12ab\u122b \u1218\u1230\u1228\u1275 \u1260\u12a8\u1270\u121b\u12ed\u1271 \u12cd\u1235\u1325 \u1218\u1206\u1291 \u1325\u120b\u127b \u12a5\u1293 \u12e8\u132d\u12ab\u1294 \u12a5\u122d\u121d\u1303\u12ce\u1279\u1295 \u12a0\u1265\u12dd\u1276\u1273\u120d\u1361\u1361<\/p>\n
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\u12e8\u121d\u130d\u1265 \u12cb\u130b \u1218\u1293\u122d \u1260\u12cb\u1290\u129d\u1290\u1275 \u124b\u121a \u12f0\u121e\u12dd \u1270\u12a8\u134b\u12e9 \u12e8\u12a8\u1270\u121b \u1290\u12cb\u122a\u12cd \u1270\u130e\u1302 \u1218\u1206\u1291\u1295 \u12e8\u1235\u122d\u12d3\u1271 \u1263\u1208\u1235\u120d\u1323\u1293\u1275\u121d \u12ed\u1240\u1260\u120b\u1209\u1361\u1361 \u1235\u1208\u12da\u1205 \u1309\u12f3\u12ed \u12a8\u1201\u1208\u1275 \u12c8\u122b\u1275 \u1260\u134a\u1275 \u1260\u2039\u2039\u12a0\u12f2\u1235 \u12d8\u1218\u1295\u203a\u203a \u1218\u1345\u1204\u1275 \u12e8\u1270\u1320\u12e8\u1240\u12cd \u12e8\u134b\u12ed\u1293\u1235\u1293 \u12a2\u12ae\u1296\u121a \u120d\u121b\u1275 \u121a\u1292\u1235\u1274\u122d \u121a\u1295\u1235\u1275\u122d \u12f4\u12a4\u1273 \u12f6\/\u122d \u12a0\u1265\u122d\u1203\u121d \u1270\u12a8\u1235\u1270 \u2039\u2039\u12602006 \u12d3.\u121d \u12e8\u121a\u1328\u1218\u122d \u12f0\u121e\u12dd \u12a0\u12ed\u1296\u122d\u121d\u203a\u203a \u12a8\u121b\u1208\u1271 \u1263\u1208\u1348 \u2039\u2039\u1290\u1308 \u12ed\u127d\u1295 \u12a0\u1308\u122d \u12c8\u12f0\u1270\u123b\u1208 \u12e8\u121a\u12eb\u12f0\u122d\u1235 \u1260\u130e \u1218\u1235\u12cb\u12d5\u1275\u1290\u1275 \u1290\u12cd\u203a\u203a \u1232\u120d \u1260\u12a8\u1270\u121c\u12cd \u1218\u12a8\u122b \u120b\u12ed \u12a0\u120b\u130d\u1327\u120d\u1361\u1361 \u1260\u122d\u130d\u1325 \u12ed\u1205 \u1201\u1209 \u1218\u12d3\u1275 \u12a8\u1218\u12cd\u1228\u12f1 \u1260\u134a\u1275 \u12601998 \u12d3.\u121d \u1218\u1328\u1228\u123b \u12a0\u12ab\u1263\u1262 \u122b\u1231 \u12a0\u1276 \u1218\u1208\u1235 \u1260\u12f0\u1261\u1265 \u12ad\u120d\u120d \u12c8\u12f0\u121d\u1275\u1308\u1298\u12cd \u12ed\u122d\u130b\u1208\u121d \u12a8\u1270\u121b \u12f5\u1228\u1235 \u1204\u12f6 \u12e8\u1219\u12dd \u12a0\u121d\u122b\u127d \u12a0\u122d\u1236 \u12a0\u12f0\u122e\u127d\u1295 \u1230\u1265\u1235\u1266 \u12ab\u1290\u130b\u1308\u1228 \u1260\u128b\u120b\u1363 \u12a5\u1295\u12f2\u1205 \u1208\u134d\u1270\u12cd \u12e8\u121a\u12eb\u1308\u1299\u1275\u1295 \u121d\u122d\u1275 \u1208\u12a8\u1270\u121c\u12cd \u1260\u122d\u12ab\u123d \u1218\u1238\u1323\u1278\u12cd \u12a0\u130d\u1263\u1265 \u12a0\u1208\u1218\u1206\u1291\u1295 \u1240\u1235\u1245\u1236 \u12cb\u130b\u12cd\u1295 \u1260\u12a0\u122b\u1275 \u12a5\u1325\u134d \u12a5\u1295\u12f2\u1328\u121d\u1229 \u1260\u121b\u12f5\u1228\u1309 \u12e8\u1270\u1348\u1320\u1228\u12cd \u12e8\u1308\u1260\u12eb \u12a5\u1325\u1228\u1275\u1363 \u121d\u1295\u121d \u12a5\u1295\u12b3 \u1218\u120d\u1236 \u12a0\u121d\u122b\u127e\u1279\u1295 \u1230\u1208\u1263 \u1262\u12eb\u12f0\u122d\u130d\u121d\u1363 \u12a9\u1290\u1271 \u12e8\u1320\u1245\u120b\u12ed \u121a\u1295\u1235\u1275\u1229\u1295 \u1240\u1323\u12ed \u12d5\u1245\u12f5 \u12e8\u121a\u12eb\u1218\u120b\u12a8\u1275 \u1290\u1260\u122d\u1361\u1361<\/p>\n
\u1260\u12a8\u1270\u121e\u127d \u12cd\u1235\u1325 \u12a5\u12e8\u1270\u12f0\u1228\u1308 \u12eb\u1208\u12cd \u2039\u2039\u12e8\u1230\u1348\u122b \u1355\u122e\u130d\u122b\u121d\u203a\u203a\u121d (Urban Resettlement) \u12a0\u1295\u12f1 \u120a\u1290\u1233 \u12e8\u121a\u1308\u1263\u12cd \u1290\u1325\u1265 \u1290\u12cd\u1361\u1361 \u1260\u12a5\u122d\u130d\u1325 \u1260\u12da\u1205 \u12d5\u1245\u12f5 \u12e8\u12a0\u12f2\u1235 \u12a0\u1260\u1263 \u1290\u12cb\u122a\u12ce\u127d \u12e8\u1270\u123b\u1208 \u12e8\u1218\u1296\u122a\u12eb \u1264\u1276\u127d \u1270\u1320\u1243\u121a \u12a5\u1295\u12f0\u1206\u1291 \u121b\u12e8\u1275 \u12a5\u1295\u127d\u120d \u12ed\u1206\u1293\u120d\u1361\u1361 \u1325\u12eb\u1244\u12cd \u12e8\u121a\u1290\u1233\u12cd \u130d\u1295\u1363 \u12e8\u12a0\u1295\u12f5 \u12a0\u12ab\u1263\u1262 \u1290\u12cb\u122a\u12ce\u127d\u1295 \u12a8\u120c\u120e\u127d \u12e8\u1348\u1228\u1231 \u12e8\u12a8\u1270\u121b\u12ce\u1279 \u12ad\u134d\u120e\u127d \u12a8\u121a\u1218\u1321\u1275 \u130b\u122d \u1260\u12a0\u1295\u12f5 \u12a0\u12f3\u1265\u120e \u1260\u12ae\u1295\u12f6\u1219\u1292\u12e8\u121d \u1264\u1276\u127d \u12a0\u1325\u122e \u12e8\u121b\u1235\u1240\u1218\u1321 \u12a0\u1295\u12f0\u121d\u1273 \u120b\u12ed \u1290\u12cd\u1361\u1361 \u12e8\u12da\u1205 \u12d5\u1245\u12f5 \u12ad\u1349 \u1308\u1345 \u12e8\u121a\u1308\u1263\u1295 \u1260\u1228\u12e5\u121d \u12e8\u12a0\u1265\u122e\u1290\u1275 \u1218\u1235\u1270\u130b\u1265\u122d (\u1236\u1235\u1275 \u1218\u1295\u130d\u1235\u1273\u1275\u1295 \u1218\u123b\u1308\u122d \u12e8\u127b\u1208 \u12e8\u12a0\u1295\u12f5 \u12a0\u12ab\u1263\u1262 \u1290\u12cb\u122a\u1290\u1275) \u12e8\u1270\u1308\u1290\u1263\u12cd \u12e8\u130b\u122d\u12ee\u123d \u1356\u1208\u1272\u12ab\u12cd \u12a0\u1228\u12f3\u12f5 \u12a5\u1293 \u12e8\u12a5\u122d\u1235 \u1260\u12a5\u122d\u1235 \u134d\u1341\u121d \u1218\u1270\u121b\u1218\u1295\u1363 97\u1295 \u1328\u121d\u122e \u1260\u1270\u1208\u12eb\u12e9 \u12c8\u1245\u1276\u127d \u1260\u1270\u1290\u1231 \u1270\u1243\u12cd\u121e\u12ce\u127d \u12c8\u1325 \u121d\u120b\u123d \u12a5\u1295\u12f2\u1230\u1321 \u121b\u12f0\u134b\u1348\u1229\u1295 (\u12a0\u122b\u1275 \u12aa\u120e\u1295 \u12e8\u1218\u1233\u1230\u1209 \u12a0\u12ab\u1263\u1262\u12ce\u127d) \u12a0\u1235\u1273\u12cd\u1230\u1295\u1363 \u1260\u1218\u120d\u1236 \u121b\u1235\u1348\u1229 \u12f0\u130d\u121e \u12e8\u12a0\u1295\u12f1\u1295 \u12a0\u12ab\u1263\u1262 \u1290\u12cb\u122a \u1260\u1273\u1275\u1296 \u12c8\u12f0\u1270\u1208\u12eb\u12e9 \u1233\u12ed\u1276\u127d \u1218\u12cd\u1230\u12f1\u1295 \u1235\u1295\u1218\u1208\u12a8\u1275 \u1290\u12cd\u1364 \u12ed\u1205 \u1218\u122b\u122b \u12a5\u12cd\u1290\u1273\u121d \u12e8\u1308\u12e5\u12ce\u127b\u127d\u1295 \u1325\u120b\u127b \u1235\u122d \u12e8\u1230\u12f0\u12f0 \u1218\u1206\u1291\u1295 \u12a5\u1293 \u12e8\u12a0\u121d\u1263\u1308\u1290\u1293\u12ca \u1235\u122d\u12d3\u1271\u1295 \u12d5\u12f5\u121c \u1208\u121b\u122b\u12d8\u121d \u12eb\u1208\u1218 \u12a5\u1295\u12f0\u1206\u1290 \u12ed\u1320\u1241\u1218\u1293\u120d\u1361\u1361<\/p>\n
(\u1235\u122d\u12d3\u1271 \u1260\u12a8\u1270\u121c\u12ce\u127d \u120b\u12ed \u12e8\u1230\u1228\u1340\u1260\u1275\u1295 \u1325\u120d\u1245 \u12e8\u1325\u120b\u127b \u1345\u1295\u134d \u12a5\u1295\u12f2\u1205 \u12a8\u1270\u1218\u1208\u12a8\u1275\u1295\u1363 \u12e8\u12a8\u1270\u121b \u12a0\u1265\u12ee\u1275\u1363 \u121b\u12a6\u12a2\u12dd\u121d \u12a8\u121a\u12eb\u12d8\u12cd \u12a8\u1308\u1320\u122d \u12a8\u121a\u1290\u1233\u12cd \u1265\u1228\u1273\u12ca \u1275\u130d\u120d \u130b\u122d \u12eb\u1208\u12cd\u1295 \u120d\u12e9\u1290\u1275\u1363 \u1260\u12a0\u1228\u1261 \u1340\u12f0\u12ed \u1270\u121e\u12ad\u122e \u1260\u1218\u1295\u1270\u122b\u1235 \u1218\u1348\u1270\u1239\u1295\u1364 \u12a5\u1295\u12f2\u1201\u121d \u12e8\u12a2\u1205\u12a0\u12f4\u130d \u130d\u12f5\u1348\u1276\u127d (Achilles\u2019 heel) \u12e8\u12a8\u1270\u121b \u12a0\u1265\u12ee\u1275\u1295 \u1208\u121b\u1235\u1290\u1233\u1275 \u12eb\u120b\u1278\u12cd\u1295 \u12a0\u1235\u1270\u12cb\u1345\u12a6\u1363 \u1260\u12a0\u12f0\u1263\u1263\u12ed \u120a\u12eb\u1230\u1263\u1235\u1261 \u12e8\u121a\u127d\u1209 \u1325\u12eb\u1244\u12ce\u127d \u121d\u1295 \u1262\u1206\u1291 \u12e8\u1270\u123b\u1208 \u1290\u1263\u122b\u12ca\u12cd\u1295 \u12a5\u12cd\u1290\u1275 \u12eb\u1295\u1340\u1263\u122d\u1243\u1209\u2026 \u12e8\u121a\u1209\u1275\u1295 \u1309\u12f3\u12ee\u127d \u12a5\u1293 \u1218\u1295\u1308\u12f1\u1295 \u1235\u1208\u121a\u1218\u1229 \u12e8\u121a\u127d\u1209\u1275\u1295 \u1218\u120d\u12a8\u12a0-\u1261\u12f5\u1296\u127d \u121b\u1295\u1290\u1275 \u1233\u121d\u1295\u1275 \u12a5\u1218\u1208\u1235\u1260\u1273\u1208\u1201)<\/p>\n
\u12a2\u1275\u12ee\u121a\u12f5\u12eb \u2013 Ethiomedia.com<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
ከሩሲያውያኑ ቦልሼቪክና ሜንሼቪክ አንስቶ፣ የእኛዎቹ ኢህአፓና መኢሶን በፊት-አውራሪነት እስከ ተሳተፉበት ድረስ ያሉ በደም የጨቀዩ አብዮቶች በሙሉ በከተሞች የተካሄዱ ሲሆን፣ አብዛኛው አጋፋሪዎቻቸው
ደግሞ ልሂቃኖች እንደነበሩ በጉዳዩ ዙሪያ የተፃፉ ድርሳናት ያወሳሉ፡፡ ይሁንና እነዚህ አብዮቶች (የተሳኩትም ሆነ የከሸፉት) ሰላማዊውንና ህጋዊውን መንገድ የተከተሉ ባለመሆናቸው ዛሬም ይዘገንናሉ፤ ለወደፊቱም ባልተደገሙ ያሰኛሉ፡፡ ስለምን ቢሉ? ግድግዳው ላይ የተቸከቸከው ፅሁፍ እንዲህ የሚል ምላሽ ያስነብባልና፡- በጭቁን ሕዝብ ስም የብዙሀኑን ቤት አፍርሰዋል፤ ሀገርና ታሪክ ለመቀየር የማይሳናቸው አፍላ ወጣቶችን እርስ በእርስ አጫርሰዋል፤ ‹አንቱ› ሊባሉ የሚችሉ ምሁራንን በአንድ ጀንበር ወደ ትንታግ ነፍሰ-ገዳይነት ቀይረዋል፤ ክስረቱም ከትውልድ ትውልድ የሚተላለፍ ጠባሳ ሆኖ ዛሬ ላይ ደርሷል…<\/p>\n
በርግጥም ያ ወቅት መደማመጥ፣ መነጋገር፣ መወያየት፣ መቻቻልን… የመሳሰሉ ምክንያታዊ እሴቶች ህቡዕ ገብተው፤ መጯጯኽ፣ መነቋቆር፣ መፈራረጅ፣ መገዳደል… የገነኑበት ነበር፤ ለዚህም ይመስለኛል ሀገር ሊረከብ የተዘጋጀ አንድ ትውልድ፣ በተኮረጀ ርዕዮተ-ዓለም፣ ባልጠራ ፕሮግራም እቅሉን ስቶ ‹ማርክስ እንደፃፈው›፣ ‹ሌኒን እንዳብራራው›፣ ‹ማኦ እንዳስተማረው›፣ ‹ሆጃ እንደመከረው›… በሚል ጥራዝ ነጠቅ ዕውቀት ስቶ-በማሳት፣ ሀገር ምድሩን የጦር አውድማ አድርጎ ማለፉ የትላንት የቁጭት ትዝታ የሆነብን፡፡ በአናቱም ዛሬ ‹‹ነፃ አወጣናችሁ›› እያሉ ጃሎታ የሚመቱት የኢህአዴግ መሪዎች ከዚሁ ምንጭ የተቀዱ፣ ግና በቃላት ስንጠቃና በጎሳ ጠባብ አስተሳሰብ የተለዩ የትውልዱና የመንፈሱ ተጋሪ በመሆናቸው፣ የሁነቱ ‹ታሪክ›ነት ለተሰዉት እንጂ፣ ለእነርሱ ‹ሀገር እየመራንበት ነው› የሚሉበት ‹ፖለቲካ› ነውና፣ የነገይቷ የምንወዳት ኢትዮጵያችን መፃኢ ዕድል ገና ከእርስ በእርስ ግጭት ስጋት አለመላቀቁን ያመላክታል፡፡ በዚህ ፅሁፍም የምንዘመርለት የ‹አትነሳም ወይ?› ድምፅ አደገኛውን ስርዓት የመቀየሪያው ጊዜ አሁን በመሆኑ ነው፡፡ ይህ ግን እነኢህአፓ ተቸንፈው የተሰናበቱበትም ሆነ ኢህአዴግ ድል አድርጎ የመጣበት መንገድ ለዘመኑ መልካም ተሞክሮ ሊሆን ይችላል እንደማለት አይደለም፤ ምክንያቱም በእኔ እምነት የእነርሱ ‹ፋኖተሰማራ…› ጊዜው በበየነበት ሙዚየምና የታሪክ ትምህርት ክፍል ውስጥ ብቻ ካልተገደበ ጉዳቱ በቀላሉ የሚጠገን ካለመሆኑም ባለፈ፣ የምንመኘውን ለውጥ ሊያመጣ አይችልምና ነው፡፡<\/p>\n
የሆነው ሆኖ ለትውልዱ ክቡድ ጥያቄ ስኬታማነት መንገድ መሪ አብርሆት መሆን የሚችሉ የደም ግብር ያልጠየቁ፣ ፍፁም ሰላማዊና ህጋዊ በሆነ መንገድ በከተሞች ተካሂደው ሀገርና ህዝብ ያለ ብዙ ኪሳራ በአሸናፊነት የወጡባቸው በርካታ አብነታዊ አብዮቶች (እንደ አረቡ ፀደይም ሆነ እንደ አውሮፓውያኑ ጆርጂያና ዩክሬን ብርቱካናማ-አብዮቶች) መኖራቸው እውነት ነው፤ እንዲሁም በእነርሱ መንፈስ መቀደስ፣ በእነርሱ ፀበል መጠመቅ የአምባገነኑንና የበደለኛውን ሥርዓት እድሜ ለማሳጠር የሚያበረታ ኃይል ማስረፁ እውነት ነው፡፡<\/p>\n
ከተማን እንደ ጠላት<\/p>\n
የ‹ያ ትውልድ› የጠብ-መንጃ ትንቅንቅን በድል የተሻገረው ኢህአዴግ (ከልቡ አምኖበት ባይሆንም) ይህንን ሁሉ መስዋዕትነት የከፈለው በተለይም ለአርሶ አደሩ ጥቅም መሆኑን በአገኘው አጋጣሚ ሳይናገር አያልፍም፡፡ በግልባጩ ደግሞ የከተማ ነዋሪዎችን ‹ጠላት› አድርጎ በመፈረጅ ሲገነግን ተደጋግሞ ተስተውሏል፤ በርግጥ የዚህ መግፍኤ በብሔር እና በሀይማኖት የከፋፈለውን ሕዝብ፣ በመደብም ለያይቶ የሥልጣን ዕድሜ ማራዘሚያ ለማድረግ እና በየአምስት ዓመቱ በሚያካሄደው የይስሙላ ‹ምርጫ› ኮረጆ ገልብጦ ሲያበቃ የፈረደበት ምስኪን አርሶ አደር ‹መርጦኛል› ለሚለው የተለመደ ሰበቡ ‹ይጠቅመኛል› በሚል ለማመቻቸት ‹አዛኝ ቅቤ…› ተቆርቋሪ በመሆኑ ይመስለኛል፡፡ ይህም ሆኖ ድርጅቱ ይህንን የማጭበርበሪያ ስልት በደደቢት በረሃ ራሱ የቀመረው ነው ብሎ ለመከራከር የሚያስችል ገፊ ጭብጥ ይኖራል ብዬ አላስብም፤ ምክንያቱም በአንዳንድ የዓለማችን ሀገራት የፖለቲካውን ኃይል ከጨበጡ በኋላ በሕዝባቸው ላይ ነጋሪት ጎስመው ሞትን ከነዙ፣ ስቃይን ከረጩ እርኩሳን መሪዎች (ፓርቲዎች) ድርሳናት ቃል-በቃል የተገለበጠ መሆኑን የሚያስረግጡ (በስነ-አመክንዮ) የተቀኙ ማሳያዎች ማቅረብ ይቻላልና፤ እንደምሳሌም አንዱን በአዲስ መስመር እንምዘዘው፡-<\/p>\n
የ‹ኬመር ሩዥ› መንገድ<\/p>\n
በተለምዶ ‹ኬመር ሩዥ› (Khmer Rouge) በመባል የሚታወቀውና አክራሪ ኮምኒስታዊ የገበሬዎች ድርጅት እንደሆነ የሚነገርለት ‹‹Communist Party of Kampuchea \/CPK\/›› እ.ኤ.አ ከ1975-1979 ዓ.ም ድረስ፣ በወጣት የገበሬ ሠራዊት ታግዞ በካምቦዲያ መንግስታዊ ሥልጣን ተቆናጥጦ እንደነበረ ይታወሳል፡፡ ጨካኝና አፍቃሪ ቻይና የሆነው የፓርቲው ሊቀ-መንበር ፖል ፖትም (Pol Pot)፣ ማኦ ዜዱንግ ‹‹የሀገሬን ኢኮኖሚ ያሳድግልኛል›› በማለት ያረቀቀውንና በግብርና ላይ የሚያተኩረውን ‹‹Great Leap Forward›› ፕሮግራም፣ ‹‹Super Great Leap Forward›› በሚል ተቀጥላ እንደወረደ በመኮረጅ ‹‹ሙሉ የካምቦዲያን ሕዝብ ወደ ‹እርሻ መር-ጋዜጠኛ ተመስገን ደሳለኝ ኢኮኖሚ ማህበረሰብ› (Agrarian Society) እቀይራለሁ›› ብሎ ያደረገው ሙከራ ወጪ-ኪሳራን ያወራረደው ሁለት ሚሊዮን ዜጎቹንለህልፈት በመዳረግ እንደ ነበር የታሪክ መፃህፍት ያትታሉ፡፡<\/p>\n
ከሁሉም የከፋው ግን ፖል ፖትና ጓዶቹ ‹‹እውነተኛ ዜጋ ገበሬ ብቻ ነው›› በማለት የከተማ ነዋሪዎችን በጠላትነት ከፈረጁ በኋላ ‹‹ማህበረሰባችንን ለማንፃት›› በሚል የቁም-ቅዠት ምዕራባዊ አስተሳሰብ የተንፀባረቀበትን ማንኛውንም ጉዳይ፣ የከተማ ሕይወትን፣ ኃይማኖትን፣ ትምህርትን፣ አንድ ብርም ቢሆን በግል መያዝን… በአዋጅ ማገዳቸው ነበር፤ እንዲሁም ኢምባሴዎችን፣ ጋዜጣና ቴሌቪዥን ጣቢያን ዘግተዋል፤ በሁሉም የሀገሪቱ ከተሞች የሚኖሩ ዜጎችን በማፈናቀል ወደ ገጠር አግዘው፣ በግዳጅ የእርሻ ሥራ ላይ አሰማርተዋል፤ ከዋና ከተማዋ ‹ፈኖሞ ፔንህ› (Phnom Penh) ብቻ ሁለት ሚሊዮን ዜጎች ወደገጠር በእግር እንዲጓዙ በመገደዳቸው ሃያ ሺህ የሚሆኑት በጉዞ ላይ ወድቀው እንደወጡ ቀርተዋል፤ ገጠር የደረሱትንም ቢሆን ‹የግድያ ወረዳዎች› እያሉ በሚጠሯቸው የእርሻ ሥራ ላይ አሰማርተው ለአንድ ሰው በነፍስ ወከፍ በየሁለት ቀኑ አንዴ 180 ግራም ሩዝ ብቻ በመስጠት በረሀብ፣ በበሽታ፣ ብስቅየት እና በግድያ እንዲያልቁ አድርጓል፡፡ በመጨረሻም አገዛዙ በቬትናም ጣልቃ ገብነት እ.ኤ.አ በ1979 ዓ.ም በኃይል በመወገዱ፣ ፖል ፖት ከእነተከታዮቹ ሀገሩ ከታይላንድ ወደምትዋሰንበት ጠረፍ አካባቢ በመሸሽ፣ የትጥቅ ትግል እንደአዲስ ጀምሮ ለረዥም ዓመታት ከታገለ በኋላ፣ እ.ኤ.አ በ1997 ዓ.ም እርጅና ተጭኖት በህግ ቁጥጥር ስር በዋለ፣ በዓመቱ ከልብ ጋር በተያያዘ ህመም ምክንያት ህይወቱ ማለፉ ይታወቃል (በነገራችን ላይ ይህ ድርጅት የሽምቅ ውጊያ ከመጀመሩ በፊትም ሆነ በኋላ የተጠናከረበትን ምስጢራዊ መንገድ ጨምሮ የተከተለው ስልት ከሞላ ጎደል ከኢህአፓና ህወሓት አፈጣጠር ትርክት ጋር ተመሳሳይነት አለው)<\/p>\n
ኢህአዴግ እንደ ‹ኬመር ሩዥ›<\/p>\n
ከሁለት አስርተ ዓመታት የሥልጣን ቆይታም በኋላ፣ የከተማ ነዋሪዎችን በጠላትነት ካሰፈረበት ጥቁር መዝገቡ ላይ መሰረዙ ያልሆነለት ኢህአዴግ ‹እንደ ኬመር ሩዥ ሁሉንም የጭካኔ ተግባራት በአደባባይ ፈፅሟል› ተብሎ ባይወነጀልም፣ ተመሳሳይ ስልቶችን በመኮረጅ በረቀቀ መንገድ አለዝቦ መተግበሩን ግን መካድ አይቻልም፡፡ እንዲሁም የሁለቱ ድርጅቶች ዋነኛ ልዩነት ወደ እንዲህ አይነቱ የጥላቻ ጠርዝ
የተገፉበት ምክንያት ይመስለኛል፤ ይኸውም ፈላጭ ቆራጩ ፖል ፖት በከተሜው ላይ የከፋ ቂም የቋጠረበት መነሾ፣ ከገበሬ ቤተሰብ መገኘቱን ጨምሮ፣ ከአስተዳደጉ ጋር በሚያያዙ ‹ህመማቸው-ህመሜ› በሚል ሲባጎ የተቋጠረ ሲሆን፣ መለስና ጓዶቹ ደግሞ የሥልጣን ዕድሜያቸውን ለማራዘም በማስላት ብቻ መሆኑ ነው፤ መቼም መሬት የረገጠውን እውነታ ተመልክቶ የሀገሬ አርሶ አደር ከፕሮፓጋንዳ ፍጆታ በዘለለ፣ ከከተሜው የተለየ የመልካም አስተዳደርም ሆነ የመሰረተ-ልማት ተጠቃሚ አለመሆኑን መረዳቱ አዳጋች አይደለም፡፡ የሆነው ሆኖ የኢህአዴግ ‹ፀረ-ከተሜነት› እንዲህ በግላጭ አፍጥጦ የወጣው ከምርጫ 97 በኋላ ነው፤ በወቅቱ ጠቅላይ ሚንስትሩ በቴሌቪዥን መስኮት ቀርቦ፣ ድርጅቱ በከተሞች መሸነፉን ከገለፀ በኋላ፣ በገጠር ሙሉ በሙሉ ስለተሳካለት መንግስት ለመመስረት የሚያስችል የመራጭ ድምፅ ማግኘቱን አውጇል፤ ይህንንም ተከትሎ ግንባሩን ያልመረጡ የከተማ ነዋሪዎች በተቀነባበረ ሴራ የጥቃት ዒላማ መሆናቸውን የሚያመላክቱ በርካታ እርምጃዎችን ወስዷል፡፡ በተለይም በድህረ-ምርጫው ከተሜውን ዒላማ ያደረጉ በስራ ላይ የዋሉ አፋኝ ህጎች እና ፖሊሲዎችን ጨምሮ በደባ የተፈፀሙ መንግስታዊ ጥፋቶችን ዘርዘር አድርገን እንያቸው፡፡<\/p>\n
መሬትን በተመለከተ የወጣውን የሊዝ አዋጅ በቀዳሚ ምሳሌነት እናንሳው፤ ፓርቲው በ1987 ዓ.ም ባፀደቀው ህገ-መንግስት የመሬት ፖሊሲውን አንዱ ዕማድ አድርጎ በማካተቱ፣ የመንግስት ጭሰኝነትን (Tenants of the state) በገጠሩ ክፍል ሲያሰፍን፣ የመሬት ከፊል ባለቤትነትን ደግሞ ለከተሞች እንዲፈቅድ አድርጎት ነበር፡፡ እናም የግል ይዞታን መሸጥ (መንግስት ለሚፈልጋቸው ‹‹ልማቶች››ም ሆነ
በሊዝ ለመቸብቸብ ዜጎችን የማፈናቀል መብት ከማግኘቱ ውጪ) እስከ 97ቱ ድህረ-ምርጫ ድረስ ተፈቅዶ የዘለቀበት ሂደት፣ በዚህ የሊዝ አዋጅ በመሻሩ የተነሳ፣ ነዋሪው መሬት በመሸጥ ሊያገኝ ይችል የነበረው ገቢ ተጨምቆ ወደ መንግስት ካዝና እንዲሻገር ሆኗል፡፡ የዚህን አዋጅ ‹ፖለቲካዊ ንባብ› ውስጥ የምናገኘው ጭብጥ፣ በከፊልም ቢሆን መሬት ላይ የቆመውን የሀብት መሰረት በመናድ፣ የተቃውሞ ኃይሉ የድጋፍ መዕከል እንደሆነ ያመነውን የማህበረሰብ ክፍል ክፉኛ ማድቀቁን ስንረዳ ነው፡፡ አዋጁን እንለጥጠው ካልን ደግሞ ግንባሩ በገጠሩ ያነበረውን የዜጎች የመንግስት ጭሰኝነት በጠመዝማዛ መንገድ፣ በተለይም በአዲስ አበባ የመፈጸም ዕቅዱ አድርገን ልንወስደው እንችላለን፡፡<\/p>\n
የኢህአዴግ ከተማንና ከተሜዎችን የመፍራት አባዜ ከጫካ ትግሉ ጋርም በረዥሙ የሚተሳሰር ነው፡፡ በወቅቱ በጥላቻ ከመተያየት አልፎ ደም የተቃባቸው ኢህአፓን መሰል ኃይሎች መሰረታቸው ከተሞች ላይ እንደነበረ ይታወቃል፤ በአናቱም በትግሉ መጠናቀቂያ ዋዜማ እና ማግስት ሊገዛለት ያልቻለው (ማማለሉ ያልተሳካለት) ልብ በተለይ የአዲስ አበቤዎችን ነበር፤ በ1980ዎቹ መጀመሪያም ፓርቲው አንገት ላይ ታንቆ ሊደፋው የነበረው ዋነኛ ጉዳይ፣ ብሔር ተኮር ስርዓቱ ህገ-መንግስታዊ ድጋፍ ሲያገኝና የብሄር ፖለቲካ ብቸኛው የድጋፍም የተቃውሞም ተዋስኦ እንዲሆን መደረጉ ነበር፡፡ ይህንንም ተከትሎ በኢትዮጵያዊብሔርተኝነት መንፈስ ከተገራው የአዲስ አበቤ ብሔር ዘለል ማንነት ጋር እንዲህ በፊት ለፊት መጋጨቱ፣ ከተማይቱን በወረራ የያዛት እስኪመስል ድረስ በጥላቻ እንዲዘምቱበት አነሳስቷል፡፡<\/p>\n
ሁለተኛው ምዕራፍ የኢትዮ-ኤርትራ ጦርነትን ተከትሎ የመጣው የአሰብ ወደብን ወደ ኢትዮጵያ ግዛት እንዲካለል የመፈለግ የከተሜዎቹ ግፊት ነው፡፡ ጦርነቱ ሲያበቃና የኢትዮጵያ ወታደሮች ወደ ኋላ እንዲያፈገፍጉ ሲገደዱ የነዋሪው ቁጣ ብርቱ እንደነበር እናስታውሳለን፡፡ ይህ እውነትም ሌላኛው ፓርቲውን ቂም ያስቋጠረ ክስተት ሆኖ አልፏል፡፡ በድህረ-ምርጫ 97 የፀደቀውና አፋኝነቱ በተግባር የተረጋገጠው የሲቪል ማህበረሰቡን የሚመለከተው አዋጅም ‹የብዙዎች ተቋማት ዋናመቀመጫ አዲስ አበባ ከመሆኑ ጋር ተያይዞ የወጣ ነው› በማለት ከየአቅጣጫው ይነሳ የነበረውን የተቃውሞ ውግዘት አጣጥሎ፣ በሥራላይ ባዋለበት ዓመት በርካታ ተቋማትን ከማፈራረሱ አኳያ፣ መጀመሪያውንም ለእንዲህ አይነቱ ክፉ እርምጃ ታስቦ የተዘጋጀ ነው ወደሚል ጥርዝ ይገፋል፡፡ በተጨማሪም ያለፉትን ሃያ ሁለት ዓመታት ሙሉ በአይኑ መዓት የሚያያቸው ምሁራን፣ የነፃው ፕሬስ አባላት እና በየዘመኑ ከባድ ተግዳሮት የፈጠሩበት የተቃውሞ ስብስቦች ጠንካራ መሰረት በከተማይቱ ውስጥ መሆኑ ጥላቻ እና የጭካኔ እርምጃዎቹን አብዝቶታል፡፡<\/p>\n
ሌላው አገዛዙ በከተሜዎች (በሸማቾች) ላይ ያለውን ስር የሰደደ ጥላቻ የሚያሳዩት፡- ከምርጫው በኋላ ጤናማ ያልሆነ የዋጋ ንረት በከፋ ደረጃ ማሻቀቡ፣ ፍትሃዊ ያልሆኑ የተለያዩ የግብር ህጎች በእንጀራ እና ሽንኩርት ቸርቻሪዎች ላይ ሳይቀር መተግበራቸው ነው፡፡ በተለይም ካለፉት ስምንት ዓመታት ወዲህ የተከሰተው ከፍተኛ የዋጋ ንረት ዋነኛ አባባሽ ኃይል የምግብ ዋጋ መናር እንደሆነ ይታወቃል፡፡ በዚህ
የምግብ ዋጋ መናር በዋነኝነት ቋሚ ደሞዝ ተከፋዩ የከተማ ነዋሪው ተጎጂ መሆኑን የስርዓቱ ባለስልጣናትም ይቀበላሉ፡፡ ስለዚህ ጉዳይ ከሁለት ወራት በፊት በ‹‹አዲስ ዘመን›› መፅሄት የተጠየቀው የፋይናስና ኢኮኖሚ ልማት ሚኒስቴር ሚንስትር ዴኤታ ዶ\/ር አብርሃም ተከስተ ‹‹በ2006 ዓ.ም የሚጨመር ደሞዝ አይኖርም›› ከማለቱ ባለፈ ‹‹ነገ ይችን አገር ወደተሻለ የሚያደርስ በጎ መስዋዕትነት ነው›› ሲል በከተሜው መከራ ላይ አላግጧል፡፡ በርግጥ ይህ ሁሉ መዓት ከመውረዱ በፊት በ1998 ዓ.ም መጨረሻ አካባቢ ራሱ አቶ መለስ በደቡብ ክልል ወደምትገኘው ይርጋለም ከተማ ድረስ ሄዶ የሙዝ አምራች አርሶ አደሮችን ሰብስቦ ካነጋገረ በኋላ፣ እንዲህ ለፍተው የሚያገኙትን ምርት ለከተሜው በርካሽ መሸጣቸው አግባብ አለመሆኑን ቀስቅሶ ዋጋውን በአራት እጥፍ እንዲጨምሩ በማድረጉ የተፈጠረው የገበያ እጥረት፣ ምንም እንኳ መልሶ አምራቾቹን ሰለባ ቢያደርግም፣ ኩነቱ የጠቅላይ ሚንስትሩን ቀጣይ ዕቅድ የሚያመላከት ነበር፡፡<\/p>\n
በከተሞች ውስጥ እየተደረገ ያለው ‹‹የሰፈራ ፕሮግራም››ም (Urban Resettlement) አንዱ ሊነሳ የሚገባው ነጥብ ነው፡፡ በእርግጥ በዚህ ዕቅድ የአዲስ አበባ ነዋሪዎች የተሻለ የመኖሪያ ቤቶች ተጠቃሚ እንደሆኑ ማየት እንችል ይሆናል፡፡ ጥያቄው የሚነሳው ግን፣ የአንድ አካባቢ ነዋሪዎችን ከሌሎች የፈረሱ የከተማዎቹ ክፍሎች ከሚመጡት ጋር በአንድ አዳብሎ በኮንዶሙኒየም ቤቶች አጥሮ የማስቀመጡ አንደምታ ላይ ነው፡፡ የዚህ ዕቅድ ክፉ ገፅ የሚገባን በረዥም የአብሮነት መስተጋብር (ሶስት መንግስታትን መሻገር የቻለ የአንድ አካባቢ ነዋሪነት) የተገነባው የጋርዮሽ ፖለቲካው አረዳድ እና የእርስ በእርስ ፍፁም መተማመን፣ 97ን ጨምሮ በተለያዩ ወቅቶች በተነሱ ተቃውሞዎች ወጥ ምላሽ እንዲሰጡ ማደፋፈሩን (አራት ኪሎን የመሳሰሉ አካባቢዎች) አስታውሰን፣ በመልሶ ማስፈሩ ደግሞ የአንዱን አካባቢ ነዋሪ በታትኖ ወደተለያዩ ሳይቶች መውሰዱን ስንመለከት ነው፤ ይህ መራራ እውነታም የገዥዎቻችን ጥላቻ ስር የሰደደ መሆኑን እና የአምባገነናዊ ስርዓቱን ዕድሜ ለማራዘም ያለመ እንደሆነ ይጠቁመናል፡፡<\/p>\n
(ስርዓቱ በከተሜዎች ላይ የሰረፀበትን ጥልቅ የጥላቻ ፅንፍ እንዲህ ከተመለከትን፣ የከተማ አብዮት፣ ማኦኢዝም ከሚያዘው ከገጠር ከሚነሳው ብረታዊ ትግል ጋር ያለውን ልዩነት፣ በአረቡ ፀደይ ተሞክሮ በመንተራስ መፈተሹን፤ እንዲሁም የኢህአዴግ ግድፈቶች (Achilles’ heel) የከተማ አብዮትን ለማስነሳት ያላቸውን አስተዋፅኦ፣ በአደባባይ ሊያሰባስቡ የሚችሉ ጥያቄዎች ምን ቢሆኑ የተሻለ ነባራዊውን እውነት ያንፀባርቃሉ… የሚሉትን ጉዳዮች እና መንገዱን ስለሚመሩ የሚችሉትን መልከአ-ቡድኖች ማንነት ሳምንት እመለስበታለሁ)<\/p>\n
ኢትዮሚድያ – Ethiomedia.com<\/p>\n