{"id":134109,"date":"2013-12-04T03:18:00","date_gmt":"2013-12-04T08:18:00","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.mereja.com\/amharic\/?guid=fc9d696200d7030e28a0479e03d186be"},"modified":"2013-12-04T03:18:00","modified_gmt":"2013-12-04T08:18:00","slug":"%e1%8b%a8%e1%8a%a0%e1%88%ab%e1%89%b1-%e1%8a%83%e1%8b%ab%e1%88%8b%e1%8a%95-%e1%89%85%e1%8a%9d%e1%89%b5","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/mereja.net\/amharic\/134109","title":{"rendered":"\u12e8\u12a0\u122b\u1271 \u1283\u12eb\u120b\u1295 \u1245\u129d\u1275"},"content":{"rendered":"
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 <\/span> <\/span><\/span><\/b> \u12f6\/\u122d \u12a0\u121d\u1233\u1209<\/span> <\/span>\u1270\u1348\u122b <\/span><\/b><\/div>\n
(\u12a0\u12f2\u1235 \u12a0\u1260\u1263 \u12e9\u1292\u1268\u122d\u1232\u1272\u1363 \u134a\u120e\u120e\u1302 \u1275\u121d\u1205\u122d\u1275 \u12ad\u134d\u120d)<\/span><\/b><\/div>\n
click here for pdf<\/a><\/span><\/b><\/div>\n
<\/o:p><\/span><\/b><\/div>\n
\u2022 <\/span><\/b>\u122d\u12a5\u1235<\/span><\/b> – <\/span>\u12a0\u122b\u1271<\/span> <\/span>\u1283\u12eb\u120b\u1295\u1366<\/span><\/span>\u12a0\u1261\u1290<\/span> <\/span>\u1260\u1338\u120e\u1270<\/span> <\/span>\u121a\u12ab\u12a4\u120d\u1363<\/span> <\/span>\u12a0\u1261\u1290<\/span> <\/span>\u134a\u120d\u1336\u1235\u1363<\/span><\/span>\u12a0\u1261\u1290<\/span> <\/span>\u12a0\u1296\u122c\u12ce\u1235\u1363<\/span> <\/span>\u12a0\u1261\u1290<\/span> <\/span>\u12a0\u122e\u1295<\/span><\/o:p><\/span><\/div>\n
\u2022 \u12a0\u12d8\u130b\u1305<\/b><\/span> – <\/span>\u12f2<\/span>\/<\/span>\u12f3\u1295\u12a4\u120d<\/span> <\/span>\u12ad\u1265\u1228\u1275<\/span><\/o:p><\/span><\/div>\n
\u2022 \u12e8\u1308\u133d \u1265\u12db\u1275<\/b><\/span> – 460 (<\/span>\u1218\u130d\u1262\u12eb\u12cd\u1295\u1363<\/span><\/span>\u12cb\u1264<\/span> <\/span>\u1218\u133b\u1215\u134d\u1275\u1295<\/span> <\/span>\u12a5\u1293<\/span> <\/span>\u1218\u12d8\u122d\u12dd\u1229\u1295<\/span><\/span>\u1328\u121d\u122e<\/span>)<\/o:p><\/span><\/div>\n
\u2022 \u12a0\u1233\u1273\u121a<\/b><\/span> – <\/span>\u12a0\u130d\u12ee\u1235<\/span><\/span>\u1285\u1275\u1218\u1275\u1293<\/span> <\/span>\u1320\u1245\u120b\u120b<\/span> <\/span>\u1295\u130d\u12f5<\/span> <\/span>\u1225\u122b<\/span><\/span>\u1283\u120b<\/span>. <\/span>\u12e8\u1270<\/span>. <\/span>\u12e8\u130d\u120d<\/span><\/span>\u121b\u1285\u1260\u122d<\/span><\/o:p><\/span><\/div>\n
\u2022 \u121b\u1270\u121a\u12eb \u1264\u1275<\/b><\/span> – <\/span>\u12a0\u121b\u1291\u12a4\u120d<\/span><\/span>\u121b<\/span>\/<\/span>\u1264\u1275<\/span><\/o:p><\/span><\/div>\n
\u2022 \u121d\u1228\u1243\u12cd \u12e8\u1270\u12ab\u1204\u12f0\u1260\u1275 \u1266\u1273<\/span><\/b> – <\/span>\u1218\u1295\u1260\u1228<\/span><\/span>\u1340\u1263\u12d6\u1275<\/span> <\/span>\u1245<\/span>\/<\/span>\u1225\u120b\u1234<\/span><\/span>\u12ab\u1274\u12f5\u122b\u120d<\/span> <\/span>\u1201\u1208\u1308\u1265<\/span> <\/span>\u12a0\u12f3\u122b\u123d<\/span><\/o:p><\/span><\/div>\n
\u2022 \u1240\u1295<\/b><\/span>– <\/span>\u1285\u12f3\u122d<\/span> 15\/2006 <\/span>\u12d3<\/span>.<\/span>\u121d<\/span>.<\/o:p><\/span><\/div>\n
\u2022 \u12a0\u1235\u1270\u12eb\u12e8\u1275 \u1230\u132a<\/b><\/span> – <\/span>\u12a0\u121d\u1233\u1209<\/span><\/span>\u1270\u1348\u122b<\/o:p><\/span><\/div>\n
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\u12e8\u1218\u133d\u1210\u1349<\/span><\/b> <\/span><\/b>\u1225\u1290<\/span><\/b> <\/span><\/b>\u12f5\u122d\u1233\u1293\u12ca<\/span><\/b> (<\/span><\/b>\u134a\u120e\u120e\u1302\u12ab\u120d<\/span>(1)<\/span><\/span><\/b>) <\/span><\/b>\u1320\u1240\u121c\u1273<\/span><\/b><\/o:p><\/span><\/b><\/div>\n
\u1369<\/span><\/b>. <\/span><\/b>\u1218\u130d\u1262\u12eb<\/o:p><\/span><\/b><\/div>\n
\u1218\u133d\u1210\u1349<\/span><\/span>\u1260\u1323\u121d<\/span> <\/span>\u1265\u12d9<\/span> <\/span>\u12a5\u1293<\/span><\/span>\u12a0\u12f3\u12f2\u1235<\/span> <\/span>\u1290\u1308\u122e\u127d\u1295<\/span> <\/span>\u12ed\u12df\u120d\u1362<\/span> <\/span>\u1273\u122a\u12ad\u1363<\/span> <\/span>\u1203\u12ed\u121b\u1296\u1275\u1363<\/span> <\/span>\u1263\u1205\u120d\u1363<\/span> <\/span>\u12e8\u12d3\u120b\u121b<\/span> <\/span>\u133d\u1293\u1275\u1363<\/span> <\/span>\u1260\u12d8\u1218\u1291<\/span> <\/span>\u12e8\u1290\u1260\u1228\u12cd \u1245\u1323\u1275\u1293<\/span> <\/span>\u134d\u122d\u12f5<\/span> <\/span>\u12a0\u1230\u1323\u1325<\/span><\/span>\u12c8\u12d8\u1270<\/span>2 <\/span>… <\/span>\u12a8\u12eb\u12db\u1278\u12cd<\/span> <\/span>\u12cd\u1235\u1325<\/span> <\/span>\u12cb\u1293<\/span><\/span>\u12cb\u1293\u12ce\u1279<\/span> <\/span>\u1293\u1278\u12cd\u1362<\/span> <\/span>\u12e8\u1273\u122a\u12ad<\/span> <\/span>\u12a0\u1230\u1293\u1230\u1209\u1363<\/span> <\/span>\u12e8\u124b\u1295\u124b<\/span> <\/span>\u12a0\u1320\u1243\u1240\u1219\u1363 \u12e8\u121b\u1235\u1228\u1303\u12ce\u1279<\/span> <\/span>\u1270\u12a0\u121b\u1292\u1290\u1275<\/span> (<\/span>\u1263\u1265\u12db\u129b\u12cd<\/span> <\/span>\u1325\u122c<\/span> <\/span>\u1218\u1228\u1303\u12ce\u127d\u1295\u1293<\/span><\/span>\u12e8\u1218\u1300\u1218\u122a\u12eb<\/span> <\/span>\u121d\u1295\u132e\u127d\u1295<\/span> <\/span>\u121b\u1245\u1228\u1261<\/span>) <\/span>\u12c8\u12d8\u1270<\/span>… <\/span>\u1208\u12e8\u1275<\/span><\/span>\u12eb\u12f0\u122d\u1308\u12cb\u120d\u1362<\/span><\/o:p><\/span><\/div>\n
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\u12ed\u1205<\/span><\/span>\u12f0\u130d\u121e<\/span> <\/span>\u12a5\u1235\u12ab\u1201\u1295<\/span> <\/span>\u12f5\u1228\u1235<\/span> <\/span>\u12eb\u120d\u1270\u121f\u120b\u12cd\u1295<\/span><\/span>\u12e8\u1200\u1308\u122b\u127d\u1295\u1295<\/span> <\/span>\u1218\u12ab\u12a8\u1208\u129b<\/span> <\/span>\u12d8\u1218\u1295<\/span> <\/span>\u1273\u122a\u12ad<\/span><\/span>\u12a5\u1295\u12f2\u121f\u120b<\/span> <\/span>\u1265\u12d9<\/span> <\/span>\u12f5\u122d\u123b\u1295<\/span><\/span>\u12ed\u12c8\u1235\u12f3\u120d\u1362 \u1260\u12cb\u1293\u1290\u1275<\/span> <\/span>\u12f0\u130d\u121e<\/span> <\/span>\u12e8\u1264<\/span>\u1270 <\/span>\u12ad\u122d\u1235\u1272\u12eb\u1295<\/span> <\/span>\u1273\u122a\u12ab\u127d\u1295\u1295<\/span> <\/span>\u12e8\u12da\u12eb\u1295<\/span> <\/span>\u12d8\u1218\u1295<\/span> <\/span>\u1308\u133d\u1273\u1293<\/span><\/span>\u12e8\u12a0\u1260\u12cd<\/span> <\/span>\u1245\u12f1\u1233\u1295\u1295<\/span> <\/span>\u1273\u122a\u12ad<\/span> <\/span>\u1260\u1235\u134b\u1275<\/span><\/span>\u1235\u1208\u121a\u12eb\u1233\u12ed<\/span> <\/span>\u134b\u12ed\u12f3\u12cd<\/span> <\/span>\u12e8\u130e\u120b \u1290\u12cd(2)<\/b>\u1362<\/span><\/o:p><\/span><\/div>\n
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\u1308\u12f5\u120b\u1278\u12cd<\/span><\/span>\u1270\u1270\u122d\u1309\u121e<\/span> <\/span>\u12e8\u1240\u1228\u1260\u12cd<\/span> <\/span>\u12a0\u122b\u1271\u121d<\/span> <\/span>\u12a0\u1263\u1276\u127d<\/span> – <\/span>\u12a0\u1261\u1290<\/span> <\/span>\u1260\u1338\u120e\u1270<\/span><\/span>\u121a\u12ab\u12a4\u120d\u1363<\/span> <\/span>\u12a0\u1261\u1290<\/span> <\/span>\u134a\u120d\u1336\u1235\u1363<\/span><\/span>\u12a0\u1261\u1290<\/span> <\/span>\u12a0\u1296\u122c\u12ce\u1235\u1363<\/span> <\/span>\u12a0\u1261\u1290 \u12a0\u122e\u1295<\/span> – <\/span>\u1260\u1270\u1218\u1233\u1233\u12ed<\/span> <\/span>\u12d8\u1218\u1295<\/span> <\/span>\u12e8\u1296\u1229<\/span><\/span>\u1235\u1208\u1290\u1260\u122d<\/span> <\/span>\u1260\u12a0\u1295\u12f1<\/span> <\/span>\u1308\u12f5\u120d<\/span> <\/span>\u12cd\u1235\u1325<\/span><\/span>\u12e8\u120c\u120b\u12cd\u1295\u121d<\/span> <\/span>\u1273\u122a\u12ad<\/span> <\/span>\u12a5\u1293\u1308\u129b\u1208\u1295\u1362<\/span><\/span>\u12ed\u1205\u121d<\/span> <\/span>\u1273\u122a\u12a9\u1295<\/span> <\/span>\u12ed\u1260\u120d\u1325 \u1270\u12a0\u121b\u1292\u1293<\/span> <\/span>\u1270\u12eb\u12eb\u12e5<\/span> <\/span>\u12eb\u12f0\u122d\u1308\u12cb\u120d\u1362<\/span> <\/span>\u1308\u12f5\u120b\u1271<\/span> <\/span>\u12e8\u1245\u12f1\u1233\u1291\u1295<\/span> <\/span>\u12e8\u1270\u130b\u12f5\u120e<\/span> <\/span>\u12dc\u1293\u1363<\/span> <\/span>\u1210\u12cb\u122d\u12eb\u12ca<\/span><\/span>\u12a0\u1308\u120d\u130d\u120e\u1275\u1293<\/span> <\/span>\u12eb\u12f0\u1228\u1313\u1278\u12cd\u1295<\/span> <\/span>\u1270\u12a0\u121d\u122b\u1275 \u12a0\u12ab\u1270\u12cb\u120d\u1362<\/span> <\/span>\u12a5\u1290\u12da\u1205\u1295<\/span> <\/span>\u1308\u12f5\u120b\u1275<\/span> <\/span>\u1208\u1218\u1300\u1218\u122a\u12eb<\/span> <\/span>\u130a\u12dc<\/span> <\/span>\u12eb\u1320\u1297\u1278\u12cd<\/span><\/span>\u12a8<\/span>100 <\/span>\u12d3\u1218\u1275<\/span> <\/span>\u1260\u134a\u1275<\/span><\/span>\u12e8\u12cd\u132d<\/span> <\/span>\u12a0\u1308\u122d<\/span> <\/span>\u120a\u1243\u12cd\u1295\u1275<\/span><\/span>\u1232\u1206\u1291\u1364 \u12a0\u122b\u1271\u1295\u121d<\/span> <\/span>\u1308\u12f5\u120b\u1275<\/span> <\/span>\u1260\u130d\u12a5\u12dd<\/span> <\/span>\u12a0\u1275\u1218\u12cd<\/span> <\/span>\u12c8\u12f0<\/span> <\/span>\u12a0\u12cd\u122e\u1353<\/span><\/span>\u124b\u1295\u124b\u12ce\u127d<\/span> <\/span>\u1270\u122d\u1309\u1218\u12cb\u1278\u12cb\u120d(3)<\/b><\/span>3<\/span>\u1362<\/span> <\/span>\u12a5\u1294<\/span><\/span>\u12a5\u1235\u12a8\u121b\u12cd\u1240\u12cd<\/span> <\/span>\u12a0\u122b\u1271\u121d<\/span> <\/span>\u1308\u12f5\u120b\u1275 \u12a5\u1235\u12ab\u1201\u1295<\/span> <\/span>\u1260\u12a0\u121b\u122d\u129b<\/span> <\/span>\u12eb\u120d\u1270\u1270\u1228\u130e\u1219<\/span> <\/span>\u1232\u1206\u1295<\/span> <\/span>\u12e8\u12a0\u1263<\/span><\/span>\u1260\u1338\u120e\u1270<\/span> <\/span>\u121a\u12ab\u12a4\u120d<\/span> <\/span>\u1308\u12f5\u120d<\/span>4 <\/span>\u130d\u1295<\/span><\/span>\u1260\u1245\u122d\u1261<\/span> (<\/span>\u1260<\/span>2004 <\/span>\u12d3<\/span>.<\/span>\u121d<\/span>.) <\/span>\u1270\u1270\u122d\u1309\u121e<\/span>(4)<\/b>\u12a8\u12a0\u1263 \u130a\u12ee\u122d\u130a\u1235<\/span> <\/span>\u12d8\u130b\u1235\u132b<\/span> <\/span>\u1308\u12f5\u120d<\/span> <\/span>\u130b\u122d<\/span> <\/span>\u1260\u12a0\u1295\u12f5<\/span> <\/span>\u120b\u12ed<\/span> <\/span>\u1260\u121b\u1285\u1260\u1228<\/span><\/span>\u1245\u12f1\u1233\u1295<\/span> <\/span>\u1273\u1275\u121f\u120d(5)<\/b><\/span>5<\/span>\u1362<\/span> <\/span>\u1235\u1208\u12da\u1205<\/span> <\/span>\u12ed\u1205<\/span> <\/span>\u12e8\u12f2<\/span>\/<\/span>\u1295<\/span> <\/span>\u12f3\u1295\u12a4\u120d<\/span> <\/span>\u12dd\u130d\u1305\u1275 \u1260\u1270\u1348\u120b\u130a\u12cd<\/span> <\/span>\u1230\u12d3\u1275<\/span> <\/span>\u12e8\u1240\u1228\u1260\u1293<\/span><\/span>\u1270\u1348\u120b\u130a\u1290\u1271\u121d<\/span> <\/span>\u12a5\u1305\u130d<\/span> <\/span>\u12e8\u130e\u120b<\/span><\/span>\u1290\u12cd<\/span> <\/span>\u12e8\u121a\u120d<\/span> <\/span>\u12a5\u121d\u1290\u1275<\/span><\/span>\u12a0\u1208\u129d\u1362<\/span><\/div>\n
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\u12e8\u12a2\u1275\u12ee\u1335\u12eb<\/span><\/span>\u12a6\u122d\u1276\u12f6\u12ad\u1235<\/span> <\/span>\u1270\u12cb\u1215\u12f6<\/span> <\/span>\u1264\u1270<\/span> <\/span>\u12ad\u122d\u1235\u1272\u12eb\u1295<\/span><\/span>\u12e8\u121d\u1275\u1240\u1260\u120b\u1278\u12cd\u1295\u1293<\/span> <\/span>\u12e8\u121d\u1275\u1308\u1208\u1308\u120d\u1263\u1278\u12cd\u1295<\/span> <\/span>\u1245\u12f1\u1233\u1275<\/span> <\/span>\u1218\u133b\u1215\u134d\u1275\u1363 \u12f5\u122d\u1233\u1293\u1275\u1363<\/span> <\/span>\u1308\u12f5\u120b\u1275<\/span> <\/span>\u12a5\u1295\u12f2\u1201\u121d<\/span> <\/span>\u120d\u12e9<\/span> <\/span>\u120d\u12e9<\/span><\/span>\u1218\u133b\u1215\u134d\u1275\u1295<\/span> <\/span>\u1235\u1293\u1320\u1293<\/span> <\/span>\u121d\u1295\u132b\u1278\u12cd\u1295<\/span> <\/span>\u1260\u1270\u1218\u1208\u12a8\u1270<\/span> <\/span>\u1260<\/span>2 <\/span>\u12a5\u1295\u12a8\u134d\u120b\u1278\u12cb\u1208\u1295\u1362<\/span><\/o:p><\/span><\/div>\n

<\/span><\/div>\n
\u12e8\u1218\u1300\u1218\u122a\u12eb\u12ce\u1279<\/span> <\/span>\u1218\u1220\u1228\u1273\u1278\u12cd<\/span><\/span>\u12e8\u12cd\u132d<\/span> <\/span>\u124b\u1295\u124b<\/span> <\/span>\u1206\u1296<\/span><\/span>\u1260\u128b\u120b<\/span> <\/span>\u12c8\u12f0<\/span> <\/span>\u12a2\u1275\u12ee\u1335\u12eb<\/span><\/span>\u124b\u1295\u124b<\/span> (<\/span>\u130d\u12d5\u12dd<\/span>) <\/span>\u12e8\u1270\u1218\u1208\u1231<\/span><\/span>\u12a5\u1293<\/span> <\/span>\u1201\u1208\u1270\u129b\u12ce\u1279 \u12f0\u130d\u121e<\/span> <\/span>\u1200\u1308\u122d<\/span> <\/span>\u1260\u1240\u120d<\/span><\/span>\u1206\u1290\u12cd<\/span> <\/span>\u12a8\u1218\u1300\u1218\u122a\u12eb\u12cd<\/span> <\/span>\u1260\u130d\u12d5\u12dd<\/span> <\/span>\u12e8\u1270\u133b\u1349<\/span> <\/span>\u1293\u1278\u12cd\u1362<\/span> <\/span>\u1260\u12cd\u132d<\/span> <\/span>\u124b\u1295\u124b<\/span><\/span>\u121b\u1208\u1275\u121d<\/span> <\/span>\u1260\u130d\u122a\u12ad\u1363<\/span> <\/span>\u1260\u1231\u122d\u1235\u1275\u1363 \u1260\u12d0\u1228\u1265\u129b<\/span> <\/span>\u1270\u133d\u1348\u12cd<\/span> <\/span>\u12c8\u12f0\u130d\u12d5\u12dd<\/span> <\/span>\u12e8\u1270\u1270\u1228\u130e\u1219<\/span> <\/span>\u1260\u122d\u12ab\u1273<\/span> <\/span>\u1293\u1278\u12cd\u1362<\/span> <\/span>\u12a0\u1295\u12f3\u1295\u12f5<\/span> <\/span>\u12a0\u1325\u129a\u12ce\u127d<\/span> <\/span>\u12ed\u1205\u1295<\/span> <\/span>\u12d8\u1218\u1295<\/span><\/span>\u12a8\u12a0\u12ad\u1231\u121d<\/span> (<\/span>\u1260\u1270\u1208\u12ed\u121d \u12a8<\/span>5<\/span>\u129b\u12cd<\/span> <\/span>\u1218<\/span>.<\/span>\u12ad<\/span>.<\/span>\u12d8<\/span>.) <\/span>\u12a5\u1235\u12a8<\/span>15<\/span>\u129b\u12cd<\/span> <\/span>\u1218<\/span>.<\/span>\u12ad<\/span>.<\/span>\u12d8<\/span>. <\/span>\u12eb\u12f0\u122d\u1231\u1273\u120d\u1362<\/span> <\/span>\u1260\u120c\u120b<\/span> <\/span>\u1260\u12a9\u120d<\/span><\/span>\u12f0\u130d\u121e<\/span> <\/span>\u1200\u1308\u122d\u129b<\/span> <\/span>\u1225\u122b\u12ce\u127d<\/span> <\/span>\u12ed\u1260\u120d\u1325<\/span> <\/span>\u12e8\u1270\u1235\u134b\u1349\u1275 \u12a8<\/span>15<\/span>\u129b\u12cd<\/span> <\/span>\u1218<\/span>.<\/span>\u12ad<\/span>.<\/span>\u12d8<\/span>. <\/span>\u1260\u128b\u120b<\/span><\/span>\u1232\u1206\u1295<\/span> <\/span>\u12a8\u12da\u12eb<\/span> <\/span>\u1260\u134a\u1275\u121d<\/span><\/span>\u130d\u1295<\/span> <\/span>\u12a5\u1295\u12f0\u1290\u1260\u1229<\/span> <\/span>\u1208\u12a0\u1265\u1290\u1275<\/span> <\/span>\u12eb\u1205\u120d\u121d<\/span> <\/span>\u12e8\u1245\u12f1\u1235<\/span> <\/span>\u12eb\u122c\u12f5\u1295<\/span> <\/span>\u12f5\u122d\u1230\u1276\u127d<\/span> <\/span>\u1218\u1325\u1240\u1235 \u12a5\u1295\u12f0\u121a\u127b\u120d<\/span> <\/span>\u1263\u121b\u1235\u1228\u12f3\u1275<\/span> <\/span>\u12e8\u121a\u121e\u130d\u1271<\/span> <\/span>\u1265\u12d9\u12ce\u127d<\/span> <\/span>\u1293\u1278\u12cd\u1362<\/span><\/o:p><\/span><\/div>\n
<\/div>\n
\u1270\u130b\u12f5\u120f\u1278\u12cd\u1293<\/span><\/span>\u1275\u121d\u1205\u122d\u1273\u1278\u12cd<\/span> <\/span>\u12a5\u1295\u12f2\u1201\u121d<\/span> <\/span>\u1273\u122a\u12ab\u1278\u12cd<\/span> <\/span>\u1270\u1270\u122d\u1309\u121e<\/span> <\/span>\u12e8\u1240\u1228\u1260\u12cd<\/span> <\/span>\u12a5\u1293<\/span> <\/span>\u12a0\u12d8\u130b\u1301<\/span><\/span>\u12a0\u122b\u1271<\/span> <\/span>\u1283\u12eb\u120b\u1295<\/span> <\/span>\u1265\u120e<\/span> <\/span>\u12e8\u1220\u12e8\u121b\u1278\u12cd<\/span><\/o:p><\/span><\/div>\n
\u12a0\u1260\u12cd<\/span><\/span>\u1308\u12f5\u120b\u1278\u12cd<\/span> <\/span>\u1200\u1308\u122d<\/span> <\/span>\u1260\u1240\u120d\u1363<\/span><\/span>\u121d\u1295\u1329\u121d<\/span> <\/span>\u130d\u12d5\u12dd<\/span> <\/span>\u1290\u12cd\u1362<\/span><\/span>\u12c8\u12f0<\/span> <\/span>\u12a0\u121b\u122d\u129b<\/span> <\/span>\u124b\u1295\u124b<\/span> <\/span>\u1218\u1218\u1208\u1231\u121d<\/span><\/span>\u12e8\u12a0\u1295\u1263\u1262\u12cd\u1295<\/span> <\/span>\u1241\u1325\u122d<\/span> <\/span>\u1260\u12a5\u1305\u1309 \u12a5\u1295\u12f2\u1328\u121d\u122d\u1293<\/span> <\/span>\u1245\u12f1\u1233\u1291\u121d<\/span><\/span>\u12e8\u1270\u130b\u12f0\u1209\u1208\u1275\u1295<\/span> <\/span>\u12d3\u120b\u121b<\/span> <\/span>\u1201\u1209\u121d<\/span><\/span>\u1260\u12cd\u120d<\/span> <\/span>\u12a5\u1295\u12f2\u1228\u12f3\u12cd<\/span> <\/span>\u1260\u12a5\u1305\u1309<\/span> <\/span>\u12eb\u130d\u12db\u120d\u1362<\/span> <\/span>\u12a8\u12da\u1205\u121d<\/span> <\/span>\u130b\u122d<\/span> <\/span>\u12a5\u12eb\u1295\u12f3\u1295\u12f1 \u1208\u1265\u127b<\/span> <\/span>\u1262\u12d8\u130b\u1305<\/span>4 <\/span>\u1273\u120b\u120b\u1245<\/span> <\/span>\u1218\u133b\u1215\u134d\u1275<\/span> <\/span>\u120a\u12c8\u1323\u12cd<\/span> <\/span>\u12e8\u121a\u127d\u1208\u12cd\u1295<\/span> <\/span>\u12a5\u1293<\/span> <\/span>\u12a5\u1295\u12f0<\/span><\/span>\u1218\u1245\u12f5\u121d<\/span> <\/span>\u12e8\u1240\u1228\u1260\u12cd<\/span> <\/span>\u1273\u122a\u12ab\u12ca<\/span> <\/span>\u1275\u1295\u1273\u1294<\/span> <\/span>\u12f0\u130d\u121e \u122b\u1231\u1295<\/span> <\/span>\u12e8\u127b\u1208<\/span> 5<\/span>\u129b<\/span> <\/span>\u1218\u133d\u1210\u134d<\/span> <\/span>\u1206\u1296<\/span> <\/span>\u120a\u12c8\u1230\u12f5<\/span><\/span>\u12e8\u121a\u1308\u1263\u12cd<\/span> <\/span>\u1232\u1206\u1295<\/span> <\/span>\u1201\u1209\u1295\u121d<\/span><\/span>\u1260\u12a0\u1295\u12f5<\/span> <\/span>\u120b\u12ed<\/span> <\/span>\u1260\u121b\u1245\u1228\u1261<\/span><\/span>\u12f2<\/span>\/<\/span>\u12f3\u1295\u12a4\u120d<\/span> <\/span>\u1208\u12a0\u1295\u1263\u1262 \u12a0\u1233\u1262\u1290\u1271\u1295<\/span> <\/span>\u12eb\u1233\u12eb\u120d<\/span> <\/span>\u12e8\u121a\u120d<\/span> <\/span>\u12a5\u121d\u1290\u1275<\/span><\/span>\u12a0\u1208\u129d\u1362<\/span><\/o:p><\/span><\/div>\n
<\/div>\n
\u136a<\/span><\/b>. <\/span><\/b>\u1218\u133d\u1210\u1349<\/span><\/b> <\/span><\/b>\u12a8\u1225\u1290<\/span><\/b> <\/span><\/b>\u12f5\u122d\u1223\u1293\u12ca<\/span><\/b> <\/span><\/b>\u1219\u12eb<\/span><\/b> <\/span><\/b>\u12a0\u1295\u133b\u122d<\/span><\/b> <\/span><\/b>\u1232\u1273\u12ed<\/o:p><\/span><\/b><\/div>\n
\u1228\u1305\u121d<\/span><\/span>\u12d8\u1218\u1295<\/span> <\/span>\u1263\u1235\u1246\u1320\u1228\u12cd<\/span> <\/span>\u12e8\u1325\u1295\u1273\u12ca<\/span> <\/span>\u133d\u1211\u134e\u127d<\/span> <\/span>\u1325\u1293\u1275<\/span> <\/span>\u1218\u1235\u12ad<\/span><\/span>\u12e8\u1325\u1293\u1271<\/span> <\/span>\u121b\u12d5\u12a8\u120d<\/span> <\/span>\u1206\u1290\u12cd<\/span> <\/span>\u12e8\u121a\u12c8\u1230\u12f1\u1275<\/span><\/span>\u1325\u1295\u1273\u12ca\u1363<\/span> <\/span>\u1273\u122a\u12ab\u12ca\u1293 \u1203\u12ed\u121b\u1296\u1273\u12ca<\/span> <\/span>\u12ed\u12d8\u1275<\/span> <\/span>\u12eb\u120b\u1278\u12cd<\/span><\/span>\u12e8\u1265\u122b\u1293<\/span> <\/span>\u133d\u1211\u134e\u127d\u1363<\/span> <\/span>\u12e8\u12f5\u1295\u130b\u12ed<\/span> <\/span>\u120b\u12ed<\/span> <\/span>\u133d\u1211\u134e\u127d\u1363<\/span><\/span>\u120d\u12e9<\/span> <\/span>\u120d\u12e9<\/span> <\/span>\u1218\u12db\u130d\u1265\u1275\u1363<\/span><\/span>\u12f0\u1265\u12f3\u1264\u12ce\u127d\u1293<\/span> <\/span>\u1260\u1218\u133d\u1210\u134d <\/span>\u1218\u120d\u12ad\u121d<\/span><\/span>\u12ed\u1201\u1295<\/span> <\/span>\u1260\u1325\u1245\u120d\u120d<\/span> <\/span>\u1218\u120d\u12ad<\/span> <\/span>\u12e8\u1270\u12d8\u130b\u1301<\/span><\/span>\u1220\u1290\u12f6\u127d<\/span> <\/span>\u1293\u1278\u12cd\u1362<\/span> <\/span>\u12a8\u12d8\u1218\u1295<\/span> <\/span>\u12a0\u1295\u133b\u122d\u121d<\/span> <\/span>\u1235\u1293\u12eb\u1278\u12cd<\/span> <\/span>\u12a8\u12d8\u1218\u1290<\/span> <\/span>\u12a0\u12ad\u1231\u121d<\/span> (<\/span>\u12a0\u1295\u12f3\u1295\u12f4\u121d \u12a8\u12da\u12eb<\/span> <\/span>\u12e8\u121a\u1240\u12f5\u1219<\/span> <\/span>\u1270\u1308\u129d\u1270\u12cb\u120d<\/span>) <\/span>\u12a5\u1235\u12a8<\/span> <\/span>\u1218\u12ab\u12a8\u1208\u129b\u12cd<\/span><\/span>\u12d8\u1218\u1295<\/span> <\/span>\u1308\u134b<\/span> <\/span>\u12ab\u1208\u121d<\/span><\/span>\u12a5\u1235\u12a8<\/span> <\/span>\u1245\u12f5\u1218<\/span> <\/span>\u12d8\u1218\u1293\u12ca<\/span><\/span>\u12e8\u12a2\u1275\u12ee\u1335\u12eb<\/span> <\/span>\u1273\u122a\u12ad<\/span> (19<\/span>\u129b\u12cd \u1218<\/span>.<\/span>\u12ad<\/span>.<\/span>\u12d8<\/span>.) <\/span>\u12eb\u1209\u1275<\/span><\/span>\u1293\u1278\u12cd\u1362<\/span> <\/span>\u12e8\u1325\u1295\u1273\u12ca<\/span> <\/span>\u1230\u1290\u12f6\u1279<\/span> <\/span>\u124b\u1295\u124b<\/span> <\/span>\u1263\u1265\u12db\u129b\u12cd<\/span><\/span>\u130d\u12d5\u12dd<\/span> <\/span>\u1232\u1206\u1295<\/span> <\/span>\u12e8\u12f5\u1295\u130b\u12ed<\/span><\/span>\u120b\u12ed<\/span> <\/span>\u133d\u1211\u134e\u1279\u1295<\/span> <\/span>\u124b\u1295\u124b<\/span> <\/span>\u1235\u1295\u1218\u1208\u12a8\u1275 \u12e8\u1233\u1263<\/span> <\/span>\u124b\u1295\u124b\u1363<\/span><\/span>\u12a0\u1293\u1263\u1262<\/span> <\/span>\u12e8\u120c\u1208\u12cd<\/span> <\/span>\u130d\u12d5\u12dd<\/span> <\/span>\u12a5\u1293<\/span><\/span>\u130d\u122a\u12ad\u129b\u121d<\/span> <\/span>\u12ed\u1308\u129d\u1260\u1273\u120d\u1362<\/span> <\/span>\u12a8\u12da\u1205\u121d<\/span> <\/span>\u1260\u1270\u1328\u121b\u122a<\/span> <\/span>\u1260\u1325\u1295\u1273\u12ca<\/span> <\/span>\u12a0\u121b\u122d\u129b\u1293<\/span> <\/span>\u1210\u1228\u122a(6)<\/i><\/b><\/span>  <\/span>\u124b\u1295\u124b\u1363 \u12a5\u1295\u12f2\u1201\u121d<\/span> <\/span>\u1260\u12ad\u122d\u1235\u1272\u12eb\u1293\u12ca<\/span> <\/span>\u12d0\u1228\u1265\u129b<\/span> <\/span>\u12e8\u1270\u133b\u1349<\/span> <\/span>\u1230\u1290\u12f6\u127d<\/span> <\/span>\u1260\u12a2\u1275\u12ee\u1335\u12eb<\/span> <\/span>\u1270\u1308\u129d\u1270\u12cb\u120d\u1362<\/span> <\/span>\u12a5\u1290\u12da\u1205<\/span> <\/span>\u1201\u1209<\/span> <\/span>\u1260\u12c8\u1309<\/span><\/span>\u120a\u1320\u1291\u1363<\/span> <\/span>\u120a\u1270\u1228\u130e\u1219<\/span> <\/span>\u12a5\u1293 \u12e8\u12eb\u12d9\u1275<\/span> <\/span>\u1218\u120d\u12a5\u12ad\u1275\u121d<\/span> <\/span>\u1208\u1215\u12dd\u1265<\/span> <\/span>\u120a\u12f3\u1228\u1235<\/span> <\/span>\u12ed\u1308\u1263\u12cb\u120d\u1362<\/span> <\/span>\u12a8\u12da\u1205\u121d<\/span> <\/span>\u1263\u123b\u1308\u122d<\/span> <\/span>\u12e8\u1270\u1208\u12eb\u12e8<\/span> <\/span>\u1245\u1305<\/span> <\/span>\u12ab\u120b\u1278\u12cd<\/span><\/span>\u12a0\u1348\u120b\u120d\u130e<\/span> <\/span>\u121b\u1235\u1270\u12eb\u12e8\u1275\u1293 \u12e8\u130e\u12f0\u1208\u12cd\u1295<\/span> <\/span>\u121b\u1243\u1293\u1275<\/span> <\/span>\u1270\u1308\u1262<\/span> <\/span>\u1290\u12cd\u1362<\/span><\/div>\n
<\/a><\/div>\n

<\/span><\/div>\n
\u12a8\u1290\u12da\u1205<\/span><\/span>\u12a5\u12cd\u1290\u1273\u12ce\u127d<\/span> <\/span>\u12a0\u1295\u133b\u122d<\/span> <\/span>\u1260\u12db\u122c\u12cd<\/span> <\/span>\u12d5\u1208\u1275<\/span> <\/span>\u12a5\u12e8\u1218\u1228\u1245\u1290\u12cd<\/span><\/span>\u12e8\u121a\u1308\u1298\u12cd\u1295<\/span> <\/span>\u12e8\u12f2<\/span>\/<\/span>\u12f3\u1295\u12a4\u120d<\/span><\/span>\u1218\u133d\u1210\u134d<\/span> <\/span>\u1235\u1295\u1243\u1298\u12cd<\/span>:-<\/o:p><\/span><\/div>\n
1. <\/span>\u12a8\u124b\u1295\u124b\u12cd<\/span> <\/span>\u12a0\u1295\u133b\u122d<\/span> <\/span>\u12a8\u130d\u12d5\u12dd<\/span> <\/span>\u12c8\u12f0\u12a0\u121b\u122d\u129b<\/span> <\/span>\u1218\u1270\u122d\u130e\u1219\u1363<\/span> <\/span>\u12a8\u12d8\u1218\u1295<\/span> <\/span>\u12a0\u1295\u133b\u122d<\/span> <\/span>\u12e8\u1200\u1308\u122b\u127d\u1295\u1295<\/span> <\/span>\u1218\u12ab\u12a8\u1208\u129b<\/span> <\/span>\u12d8\u1218\u1295<\/span> <\/span>\u1273\u122a\u12ad \u1260\u1270\u1208\u12ed\u121d<\/span> <\/span>\u1260\u12d3\u121d\u12f0<\/span><\/span>\u133d\u12ee\u1295<\/span> <\/span>\u12a5\u1293<\/span> <\/span>\u1295\u1309\u1225<\/span><\/span>\u1230\u12ed\u1348<\/span> <\/span>\u12a0\u122d\u12d5\u12f5<\/span> <\/span>\u12e8\u1290\u1260\u1228\u12cd\u1295<\/span> <\/span>\u1273\u122a\u12ad<\/span> <\/span>\u1260\u1235\u134b\u1275<\/span><\/span>\u1260\u1218\u12eb\u12d9<\/span> <\/span>\u134d\u12ed\u12f3\u12cd<\/span> <\/span>\u1265\u12d9<\/span> <\/span>\u1290\u12cd\u1362<\/span><\/o:p><\/span><\/div>\n
2. <\/span>\u12e8\u1270\u1208\u12eb\u12e9<\/span> <\/span>\u1245\u1302\u12ce\u127d<\/span> <\/span>\u12ed\u1296\u1229<\/span> <\/span>\u12a5\u1295\u12f0\u1201<\/span><\/span>\u1265\u120e<\/span> <\/span>\u121b\u1230\u1261\u1293<\/span> <\/span>\u12ed\u1205\u1295\u1295\u121d<\/span> <\/span>\u1208\u121b\u1233\u12ab\u1275<\/span> <\/span>\u12e8\u1270\u1208\u12eb\u12e9<\/span> <\/span>\u1308\u12f3\u121b\u1275\u1293<\/span> <\/span>\u12a0\u12f5\u1263\u122b\u1275\u1295\u1363<\/span> <\/span>\u1260\u1200\u1308\u122d \u12cd\u1235\u1325\u1293<\/span> <\/span>\u1260\u12cd\u132d<\/span> <\/span>\u1200\u1308\u122d<\/span><\/span>\u12e8\u121a\u1308\u1299<\/span> <\/span>\u12a0\u1265\u12eb\u1270<\/span> <\/span>\u1218\u133b\u1215\u134d\u1275\u1295\u1293<\/span> <\/span>\u1218\u12d8\u12ad\u122e\u127d\u1295<\/span> <\/span>\u121b\u1230\u1231\u1363<\/span> <\/span>\u12a5\u1295\u12f2\u1201\u121d<\/span> <\/span>\u1260\u12a0\u1295\u12f3\u1295\u12f5<\/span> <\/span>\u130d\u1208\u1230\u1266\u127d \u12ed\u12de\u1273<\/span> <\/span>\u120a\u1308\u1299<\/span> <\/span>\u12e8\u121a\u127d\u1209<\/span><\/span>\u1218\u1228\u1303\u12ce\u127d\u1295<\/span> <\/span>\u121b\u1348\u120b\u1208\u1309\u1363<\/span> <\/span>\u12ed\u1205\u1295\u1295\u121d<\/span> <\/span>\u1263\u1265\u12db\u129b\u12cd<\/span> <\/span>\u121b\u1233\u12ab\u1271<\/span> <\/span>\u12f2<\/span>\/<\/span>\u12f3\u1295\u12a4\u120d\u1295<\/span><\/span>\u12eb\u1235\u1218\u1230\u130d\u1290\u12cb\u120d\u1362<\/span><\/o:p><\/span><\/div>\n
3. <\/span>\u1270\u1328\u121b\u122a<\/span><\/span>\u12e8\u1308\u12f5\u120d<\/span> <\/span>\u1245\u1302\u12ce\u127d\u1295<\/span> <\/span>\u121b\u130d\u1298\u1271<\/span> <\/span>\u12a5\u1293<\/span> <\/span>\u1218\u1320\u1246\u1219<\/span><\/span>\u1260\u1323\u121d<\/span> <\/span>\u1320\u1243\u121a<\/span> <\/span>\u1290\u12cd\u1362<\/span><\/span>\u1208\u121d\u1233\u120c<\/span> <\/span>\u12eb\u1205\u120d\u121d\u1365<\/span><\/o:p><\/span><\/div>\n
<\/div>\n
\u2022 <\/span>\u12a5\u1235\u12ab\u1201\u1295<\/span> <\/span>\u12a8\u121a\u1273\u12c8\u1240\u12cd<\/span> <\/span>\u12e8\u12f3\u130b<\/span> <\/span>\u12a5\u1235\u1325\u134b\u1296\u1235<\/span><\/span>\u1308\u12f5\u1208<\/span> <\/span>\u12a0\u1263<\/span> <\/span>\u1260\u1338\u120e\u1270<\/span><\/span>\u121a\u12ab\u12a4\u120d<\/span> (<\/span>\u12ae\u1295\u1272\u122e\u1232\u1292<\/span> <\/span>\u1260<\/span>1905 <\/span>\u12eb\u1233\u1270\u1218\u12cd<\/span>) <\/span>\u1260\u1270\u1328\u121b\u122a<\/span> <\/span>\u1260\u1270\u1295\u1264\u1295<\/span> <\/span>\u12a5\u1295\u12f3<\/span> <\/span>\u12a5\u1328\u130c<\/span><\/span>\u12aa\u12f3\u1290<\/span> <\/span>\u121d\u1215\u1228\u1275<\/span> <\/span>\u120c\u120b<\/span> <\/span>\u1308\u12f5\u120d<\/span><\/span>\u1218\u1296\u1229\u1295<\/span> <\/span>\u1218\u1320\u1246\u1219 \u1208\u120c\u120b<\/span> <\/span>\u12a0\u1325\u129a<\/span> <\/span>\u1325\u1229<\/span><\/span>\u1218\u1228\u1303<\/span> <\/span>\u1290\u12cd\u1362<\/span><\/o:p><\/span><\/div>\n
\u2022 <\/span>\u1308\u12f5\u1208<\/span> <\/span>\u134a\u120d\u1336\u1235\u1295<\/span> <\/span>\u1260\u1270\u1218\u1208\u12a8\u1270<\/span> <\/span>\u1271\u122b\u12a4\u126d<\/span> <\/span>\u1260<\/span>1905 <\/span>\u12ab\u1233\u1270\u1218\u12cd<\/span><\/span>\u12cd\u132d<\/span> <\/span>\u120c\u120e\u127d<\/span> 6 <\/span>\u1218\u1296\u122b\u1278\u12cd\u1295<\/span><\/span>\u12a8\u1290\u12da\u1205\u121d \u1218\u12ab\u12a8\u120d<\/span> <\/span>\u12e8\u12a0\u121d\u1210\u122b<\/span> <\/span>\u1233\u12ed\u1295\u1271<\/span> <\/span>\u12a0\u12f2\u1235\u1293<\/span> <\/span>\u12a5\u122d\u1231<\/span> <\/span>\u12eb\u1308\u1298\u12cd<\/span><\/span>\u12a5\u1295\u12f0\u1206\u1290<\/span> <\/span>\u1218\u1320\u1246\u1219<\/span> <\/span>\u1260\u1323\u121d<\/span> <\/span>\u1320\u1243\u121a<\/span><\/span>\u1290\u12cd\u1362<\/span><\/o:p><\/span><\/div>\n
\u2022 <\/span>\u1308\u12f5\u1208<\/span> <\/span>\u12a0\u1296\u122c\u12ce\u1235\u1295<\/span> <\/span>\u12a0\u1235\u1218\u120d\u12ad\u1276<\/span> <\/span>\u12ae\u1295\u1272\u122e\u1232\u1292<\/span> <\/span>\u1260<\/span>1905 <\/span>\u12ab\u1233\u1270\u1218\u12cd<\/span><\/span>\u1260\u1270\u1328\u121b\u122a<\/span> 10 <\/span>\u1245\u1302\u12ce\u127d\u1295<\/span> <\/span>\u121b\u130d\u1298\u1271 \u12e8\u121a\u12f0\u1290\u1245<\/span> <\/span>\u1290\u12cd\u1362<\/span><\/o:p><\/span><\/div>\n
\u2022 <\/span>\u1308\u12f5\u1208<\/span> <\/span>\u12a0\u1261\u1290<\/span> <\/span>\u12a0\u122e\u1295\u1295<\/span><\/span>\u1271\u122b\u12a4\u126d<\/span> <\/span>\u1260<\/span>1905 <\/span>\u12a0\u1233\u1275\u121e\u1275<\/span><\/span>\u1290\u1260\u122d\u1362<\/span> <\/span>\u12f2<\/span>\/<\/span>\u12f3\u1295\u12a4\u120d<\/span><\/span>\u12ed\u1205\u1295<\/span> <\/span>\u12a5\u1275\u121d<\/span> <\/span>\u12a8\u1218\u1244\u1271<\/span><\/span>\u1308\u12f5\u1208<\/span> <\/span>\u12a0\u122e\u1295 \u130b\u122d<\/span> <\/span>\u12a0\u1235\u1270\u12eb\u12ed\u1276<\/span> <\/span>\u1290\u12cd<\/span> <\/span>\u12c8\u12f0<\/span><\/span>\u12a0\u121b\u122d\u129b<\/span> <\/span>\u12e8\u1218\u1208\u1230\u12cd\u1362<\/span> <\/span>\u12a8\u12da\u1205<\/span> <\/span>\u120c\u120b<\/span><\/span>\u130d\u1295<\/span> <\/span>\u1260\u1265\u122a\u1272\u123d<\/span> <\/span>\u1219\u12da\u12e8\u121d<\/span> <\/span>\u12e8\u121a\u1308\u129d<\/span> <\/span>\u12a0\u1295\u12f5 \u1308\u12f5\u120d\u1293<\/span> <\/span>\u1260\u1275\u130d\u122b\u12ed<\/span> <\/span>\u1270\u1295\u1264\u1295<\/span> <\/span>\u120c\u120b<\/span> <\/span>\u1245\u1305<\/span><\/span>\u120a\u1296\u122d<\/span> <\/span>\u12a5\u1295\u12f0\u121a\u127d\u120d<\/span> <\/span>\u12a5\u122d\u1231<\/span> <\/span>\u130d\u1295<\/span><\/span>\u120a\u12eb\u1308\u1298\u12cd<\/span> <\/span>\u12a5\u1295\u12f3\u120d\u127b\u1208<\/span> <\/span>\u1218\u1320\u1246\u1219 \u1218\u120d\u12ab\u121d<\/span> <\/span>\u1325\u1228\u1275<\/span> <\/span>\u1290\u12cd\u1362<\/span><\/o:p><\/span><\/div>\n
4. <\/span>\u12e8\u1275\u122d\u1309\u121d<\/span> <\/span>\u1225\u122b\u12cd<\/span> <\/span>\u12e8\u130d\u122d\u130c<\/span><\/span>\u121b\u1235\u1273\u12ce\u123b<\/span> <\/span>\u1320\u1240\u121c\u1273<\/span> – <\/span>\u12f2<\/span>\/<\/span>\u12f3\u1295\u12a4\u120d<\/span><\/span>\u12a0\u122b\u1271\u1295\u121d<\/span> <\/span>\u1308\u12f5\u120b\u1275<\/span> <\/span>\u12a8\u1218\u1308\u129b\u1278\u12cd<\/span> <\/span>\u124b\u1295\u124b<\/span> <\/span>\u12a8\u130d\u12d5\u12dd \u12c8\u12f0<\/span><\/span>\u12a0\u121b\u122d\u129b<\/span> <\/span>\u1218\u120d\u1237\u120d\u1362<\/span> <\/span>\u12a0\u12ed\u130d\u1208\u1338\u12cd<\/span> <\/span>\u12a5\u1295\u1305<\/span> <\/span>\u1275\u122d\u1309\u1219<\/span><\/span>\u12e8\u1243\u120d<\/span> <\/span>\u1260\u1243\u120d<\/span> <\/span>\u1240\u1325\u1273<\/span><\/span>\u1275\u122d\u1309\u121d<\/span> <\/span>\u12ed\u1218\u1235\u120b\u120d\u1362<\/span> <\/span>\u12a8\u12da\u1205<\/span> <\/span>\u1260\u120b\u12ed \u130d\u1295<\/span><\/span>\u121b\u1265\u122b\u122a\u12eb<\/span> <\/span>\u12e8\u121a\u12eb\u1235\u1348\u120d\u130b\u1278\u12cd\u1295\u1293<\/span> <\/span>\u12a5\u122d\u1231<\/span> <\/span>\u12eb\u1308\u129b\u1278\u12cd\u1295<\/span><\/span>\u12a0\u12f3\u12f2\u1235<\/span> <\/span>\u1218\u1228\u1303\u12ce\u127d<\/span> <\/span>\u1241\u1325\u122d<\/span> <\/span>\u1260\u1218\u1235\u1320\u1275<\/span><\/span>\u12a0\u1265\u122b\u122d\u1277\u120d\u1363 \u1270\u1295\u1275\u1297\u120d\u1362<\/span> <\/span>\u1260\u1325\u1245\u1209<\/span> <\/span>\u1260\u1308\u12f5\u1208<\/span> <\/span>\u1260\u1338\u120e\u1270<\/span> <\/span>\u121a\u12ab\u12a4\u120d<\/span> <\/span>\u120b\u12ed<\/span> 251<\/span>\u1363<\/span> <\/span>\u1260\u1308\u12f5\u1208<\/span> <\/span>\u134a\u120d\u1336\u1235<\/span> <\/span>\u120b\u12ed<\/span> 378<\/span>\u1363<\/span> <\/span>\u1260\u1308\u12f5\u1208<\/span> <\/span>\u12a0\u1296\u122c\u12ce\u1235<\/span> <\/span>\u120b\u12ed <\/span>156<\/span>\u1363<\/span> <\/span>\u1260\u1308\u12f5\u1208<\/span> <\/span>\u12a0\u122e\u1295<\/span> <\/span>\u120b\u12ed<\/span>181 <\/span>\u121b\u1265\u122b\u122a\u12eb\u12ce\u127d\u1295<\/span> <\/span>\u1260\u130d\u122d\u130c<\/span> <\/span>\u121b\u1235\u1273\u12ce\u123b<\/span> <\/span>\u12a0\u1235\u1240\u121d\u1327\u120d\u1362<\/span> <\/span>\u12ed\u1205\u121d<\/span> <\/span>\u1208\u1225\u122b\u12cd<\/span><\/span>\u121d\u1295<\/span> <\/span>\u12eb\u1205\u120d \u12a5\u1295\u12f0\u1270\u1328\u1290\u1240<\/span> <\/span>\u12e8\u121a\u12eb\u1233\u12ed<\/span> <\/span>\u1232\u1206\u1295<\/span> <\/span>\u12a5\u1235\u12ab\u1201\u1295<\/span><\/span>\u12a8\u1270\u1208\u1218\u12f0\u12cd<\/span> <\/span>\u12e8\u1308\u12f5\u120b\u1275<\/span> <\/span>\u12e8\u12a0\u121b\u122d\u129b<\/span> <\/span>\u1275\u122d\u1309\u121d<\/span> <\/span>\u12e8\u12a5\u122d\u1231\u1295<\/span> <\/span>\u12e8\u1270\u1208\u12e8 \u12eb\u12f0\u122d\u1308\u12cb\u120d\u1362<\/span> <\/span>\u12a8\u12da\u1205\u121d<\/span> <\/span>\u1260\u120b\u12ed<\/span> <\/span>\u12e8\u121a\u1270\u1290\u1275\u1293\u1278\u12cd<\/span> <\/span>\u1309\u12f3\u12ee\u127d<\/span><\/span>\u12a0\u12f3\u12f2\u1235\u1293<\/span> <\/span>\u1270\u12db\u121b\u1305<\/span> <\/span>\u1309\u12f3\u12ee\u127d<\/span> <\/span>\u1235\u1208\u1206\u1291<\/span> <\/span>\u1218\u133d\u1210\u1349\u1295<\/span> <\/span>\u12e8\u1260\u1208\u1320 \u1270\u1218\u122b\u132d<\/span> <\/span>\u12eb\u12f0\u122d\u1308\u12cb\u120d\u1362<\/span><\/o:p><\/span><\/div>\n
5. <\/span>\u1260\u12a0\u1295\u12f3\u1295\u12f5<\/span> <\/span>\u1290\u1325\u1266\u127d<\/span> <\/span>\u120b\u12ed<\/span> <\/span>\u12a5\u1235\u12ab\u1201\u1295<\/span><\/span>\u12e8\u1270\u1230\u1229<\/span> <\/span>\u1225\u122b\u12ce\u127d\u1295<\/span> <\/span>\u12a8\u12f3\u1230\u1230<\/span> <\/span>\u1260\u128b\u120b<\/span> <\/span>\u1218\u1228\u1303\u12ce\u127d<\/span><\/span>\u1270\u1235\u1270\u12ab\u12ad\u1208\u12cd<\/span> <\/span>\u12a5\u1295\u12f2\u1240\u1218\u1321 \u121b\u12f5\u1228\u1309<\/span> <\/span>\u120c\u120b\u12cd<\/span> <\/span>\u1320\u1240\u121c\u1273\u12cd<\/span><\/span>\u1290\u12cd\u1362<\/span> <\/span>\u1208\u121d\u1233\u120c<\/span> <\/span>\u1271\u122b\u12a4\u126d<\/span> <\/span>\u12eb\u1233\u1270\u1218\u12cd<\/span> <\/span>\u1308\u12f5\u1208<\/span> <\/span>\u134a\u120d\u1336\u1235<\/span><\/span>\u12d8\u1218\u1291<\/span> <\/span>\u1260<\/span>14<\/span>\u129b\u12cd<\/span><\/span>\u1218<\/span>.<\/span>\u12ad<\/span>.<\/span>\u12d8<\/span>. <\/span>\u1233\u12ed\u1206\u1295<\/span> <\/span>\u1260<\/span>18<\/span>\u129b\u12cd<\/span><\/span>\u1218<\/span>.<\/span>\u12ad<\/span>.<\/span>\u12d8<\/span>. <\/span>\u12e8\u1270\u1308\u1208\u1260\u1320<\/span> <\/span>\u1218\u1206\u1291\u1295<\/span> <\/span>\u121b\u1233\u12e8\u1271\u1364<\/span> <\/span>\u1308\u12f5\u1208<\/span> <\/span>\u12a0\u1261\u1290<\/span><\/span>\u12a0\u122e\u1295<\/span> <\/span>\u12e8<\/span>15<\/span>\u129b\u12cd<\/span><\/span>\u1218<\/span>.<\/span>\u12ad<\/span>.<\/span>\u12d8<\/span>. <\/span>\u1225\u122b<\/span> <\/span>\u120a\u1206\u1295 \u12a5\u1295\u12f0\u121a\u127d\u120d<\/span> <\/span>\u1208\u121b\u1233\u12eb\u1290\u1275\u121d<\/span> <\/span>\u1308\u12f5\u1209<\/span> <\/span>\u12e8\u12f0\u1265\u1228<\/span><\/span>\u120a\u1263\u1296\u1235\u1295<\/span> <\/span>\u12a5\u1328\u130c\u12ce\u127d<\/span> <\/span>\u1232\u12d8\u1228\u12dd\u122d<\/span> <\/span>\u12e8\u121a\u12eb\u1246\u1218\u12cd<\/span> <\/span>\u12a0\u1261\u1290<\/span> <\/span>\u1218\u122d\u1210<\/span><\/span>\u12ad\u122d\u1235\u1276\u1235<\/span>7 <\/span>(1455-1489) <\/span>\u120b\u12ed<\/span> <\/span>\u1218\u1206\u1291\u1295<\/span><\/span>\u1218\u1325\u1240\u1231(7)<\/i><\/b><\/span> <\/span>\u12c8\u12d8\u1270<\/span>… <\/span>\u1325\u1295\u1273\u12ca<\/span><\/span>\u1230\u1290\u12f6\u127d<\/span>\/<\/span>\u1218\u12db\u130d\u1265\u1275<\/span> <\/span>\u1232\u1320\u1291<\/span> <\/span>\u12a5\u1295\u12f2\u1205<\/span><\/span>\u12a5\u12e8\u1270\u1308\u1293\u12d8\u1261<\/span> <\/span>\u1218\u1206\u1295 \u12a5\u1295\u12f0\u121a\u1308\u1263\u12cd<\/span> <\/span>\u12e8\u121a\u12eb\u1235\u1228\u12f3<\/span> <\/span>\u1290\u12cd\u1362<\/span><\/o:p><\/span><\/div>\n
<\/div>\n
\u136b<\/span><\/b>. <\/span><\/b>\u12a0\u1235\u1270\u12eb\u12e8\u1275<\/span><\/b><\/o:p><\/span><\/b><\/div>\n
\u12a8\u120b\u12ed<\/span><\/span>\u1263\u132d\u1229<\/span> <\/span>\u12a5\u1295\u12f3\u12e8\u1290\u12cd<\/span> <\/span>\u12ed\u1205<\/span> <\/span>\u1225\u122b<\/span><\/span>\u1260\u1323\u121d<\/span> <\/span>\u121b\u1208\u134a\u12eb<\/span> <\/span>\u1290\u12cd\u1362<\/span> <\/span>\u1206\u1296\u121d<\/span><\/span>\u12a5\u1305\u130d<\/span> <\/span>\u12e8\u1270\u12c8\u1323\u1208\u1275<\/span> <\/span>\u1208\u121b\u12f5\u1228\u130d<\/span> <\/span>\u12a5\u1293<\/span> <\/span>\u121d\u1293\u120d\u1263\u1275<\/span><\/span>\u130a\u12dc \u1262\u1348\u1245\u12f5\u1208\u1275<\/span> <\/span>\u12f2<\/span>\/<\/span>\u12f3\u1295\u12a4\u120d<\/span><\/span>\u12ed\u1205\u1295<\/span> <\/span>\u1225\u122b<\/span> <\/span>\u1260\u12f5\u130b\u121a<\/span><\/span>\u1262\u12eb\u1233\u1275\u1218\u12cd<\/span> <\/span>\u12c8\u12ed\u121d<\/span> <\/span>\u1270\u1218\u1233\u1233\u12ed<\/span><\/span>\u1225\u122b\u12ce\u127d\u1295<\/span> <\/span>\u1208\u12c8\u12f0\u134a\u1271<\/span> <\/span>\u1232\u1230\u122b \u1262\u1320\u1240\u121d\u1263\u1278\u12cd<\/span> <\/span>\u1265\u12e8<\/span> <\/span>\u12e8\u121d\u1320\u1241\u1218\u12cd<\/span><\/span>\u1201\u1208\u1275<\/span> <\/span>\u12a0\u1235\u1270\u12eb\u12e8\u1276\u127d\u1363<\/span><\/o:p><\/span><\/div>\n
\u2022 <\/span>\u12e8\u121a\u12eb\u1308\u129b\u1278\u12cd\u1295<\/span> <\/span>\u12e8\u1308\u12f5\u120d<\/span> <\/span>\u1245\u1302\u12ce\u127d<\/span> <\/span>\u1201\u1209\u1295\u121d<\/span> <\/span>\u12a5\u12eb\u1218\u1233\u12a8\u1228<\/span> <\/span>\u120d\u12e9\u1290\u1273\u1278\u12cd\u1295<\/span> <\/span>\u12a5\u12e8\u1290\u1240\u1230<\/span> <\/span>\u12a0\u1295\u12f5<\/span> <\/span>\u12c8\u1325\u1293 \u12e8\u1270\u1218\u1233\u12a8\u1228<\/span> <\/span>\u12a8\u1201\u1209\u121d<\/span><\/span>\u1245\u1302\u12ce\u127d<\/span> <\/span>\u12e8\u1270\u12cd\u1323\u1323<\/span> <\/span>\u12a5\u1275\u121d (8)<\/i><\/b><\/span> <\/span>\u1262\u1230\u122b\u1363<\/span><\/span>\u1262\u1270\u1228\u1309\u121d\u1362 <\/span><\/o:p><\/span><\/div>\n
\u2022 <\/span>\u12e8\u12cd\u132d<\/span> <\/span>\u120a\u1243\u12cd\u1295\u1275<\/span> <\/span>\u12eb\u1320\u1297\u1278\u12cd\u1295<\/span> <\/span>\u12a8\u121a\u1270\u1228\u1309\u121d<\/span> <\/span>\u12ed\u120d\u1245<\/span> <\/span>\u12a5\u122d\u1231<\/span><\/span>\u12eb\u1308\u129b\u1278\u12cd\u1295<\/span> <\/span>\u12a0\u12f3\u12f2\u1235<\/span> <\/span>\u1308\u12f5\u120b\u1275<\/span> <\/span>\u1262\u1270\u1228\u1309\u121d \u12c8\u12ed\u121d<\/span> <\/span>\u1260\u134a\u1275<\/span> <\/span>\u12a8\u1270\u1230\u1229\u1275<\/span><\/span>\u130b\u122d<\/span> <\/span>\u12a5\u12eb\u1290\u133b\u1338\u1228<\/span> <\/span>\u1262\u1220\u122b<\/span> <\/span>\u12e8\u122d\u1231<\/span><\/span>\u1225\u122b<\/span> <\/span>\u121a\u1293\u12cd<\/span> <\/span>\u12e8\u130e\u120b<\/span><\/span>\u120a\u1206\u1295<\/span> <\/span>\u12a5\u1295\u12f0\u121a\u127d\u120d \u12ed\u1273\u12e8\u129b\u120d\u1364<\/span> <\/span>\u1260\u121b\u1208\u1275<\/span> <\/span>\u1203\u1223\u1264\u1295<\/span> <\/span>\u12a5\u12da\u1205<\/span> <\/span>\u120b\u12ed<\/span><\/span>\u12a5\u12f0\u1218\u12f5\u121b\u1208\u1201\u1362<\/span><\/o:p><\/span><\/div>\n
\u1260\u1218\u1328\u1228\u123b\u121d<\/span><\/span>\u12cd\u12f5<\/span> <\/span>\u12c8\u1295\u12f5\u121c<\/span> <\/span>\u12f2<\/span>\/<\/span>\u12f3\u1295\u12a4\u120d<\/span><\/span>\u12a5\u130d\u12da\u12a0\u1265\u1214\u122d<\/span> <\/span>\u1283\u12ed\u120d\u1293<\/span> <\/span>\u1265\u122d\u1273\u1271\u1295<\/span> <\/span>\u1230\u1325\u1276<\/span> <\/span>\u12a5\u1295\u12b3\u1295<\/span><\/span>\u12ed\u1205\u1295<\/span> <\/span>\u1320\u1243\u121a<\/span> <\/span>\u1225\u122b \u12a0\u1235\u1348\u1338\u1218\u1205\u1364<\/span> <\/span>\u12a5\u1295\u12b3\u1295\u121d<\/span><\/span>\u12f0\u1235<\/span> <\/span>\u12a0\u1208\u1205\u1364<\/span> <\/span>\u1208\u12c8\u12f0\u134a\u1271\u121d<\/span> <\/span>\u12e8\u1260\u1208\u1320<\/span> <\/span>\u12eb\u1275\u130b\u1205<\/span> <\/span>\u1260\u121b\u1208\u1275<\/span> <\/span>\u1218\u120d\u12ab\u121d<\/span> <\/span>\u121d\u129e\u1274\u1295<\/span> <\/span>\u1260\u1218\u130d\u1208\u133d<\/span> <\/span>\u12a0\u1235\u1270\u12eb\u12e8\u1274\u1295 \u12a5\u12f0\u1218\u12f5\u121b\u1208\u1201\u1362<\/span><\/o:p><\/span><\/div>\n
\u1235\u120b\u12f0\u1218\u1323\u127d\u1201\u129d<\/span> <\/span>\u1201\u120b\u127d\u1201\u1295\u121d<\/span> <\/span>\u12a5\u130d\u12da\u12a0\u1265\u1214\u122d<\/span> <\/span>\u12eb\u12ad\u1265\u122d\u120d\u129d<\/span> !!!!<\/o:p><\/span><\/div>\n
                                          <\/o:p><\/span><\/u><\/div>\n
1 <\/span>\u134a\u120e\u120e\u1302<\/span> <\/span>\u12e8\u1270\u1230\u1298\u12cd\u1295<\/span> <\/span>\u1325\u1293\u1275<\/span> <\/span>\u1235\u12eb\u121c<\/span><\/span>\u12c8\u12f0<\/span> <\/span>\u12a0\u121b\u122d\u129b<\/span> <\/span>\u1260\u1240\u1325\u1273<\/span><\/span>\u12a0\u127b<\/span> <\/span>\u1275\u122d\u1309\u121d<\/span> <\/span>\u1208\u1218\u1235\u1320\u1275<\/span><\/span>\u1208\u130a\u12dc\u12cd<\/span> <\/span>\u12a0\u120d\u1270\u127b\u1208\u121d\u1362<\/span> <\/span>\u1260\u12da\u1205<\/span> <\/span>\u12a0\u1240\u122b\u1228\u1265<\/span><\/span>\u130d\u1295<\/span> \u201c<\/span>\u1225\u1290 \u12f5\u122d\u1233\u1295<\/span>\u201d <\/span>\u12c8\u12ed\u121d<\/span> \u201c<\/span>\u1325\u1295\u1273\u12ca<\/span>  <\/span>\u12e8\u133d\u1211\u134e\u127d<\/span> <\/span>\u1325\u1293\u1275<\/span>\u201d <\/span>\u1265\u1208\u1295<\/span><\/span>\u120d\u1295\u12c8\u1235\u12f0\u12cd<\/span> <\/span>\u12a5\u1295\u127d\u120b\u1208\u1295\u1362<\/span><\/o:p><\/span><\/div>\n
2 <\/span>\u12a8\u12da\u1205<\/span> <\/span>\u1218\u12ab\u12a8\u120d<\/span> <\/span>\u12a5\u1294<\/span> <\/span>\u12e8\u121b\u1240\u122d\u1260\u12cd<\/span> <\/span>\u134a\u120e\u120e\u1302\u12eb\u12ca<\/span> <\/span>\u1320\u1240\u121c\u1273\u12cd\u1295<\/span> <\/span>\u1290\u12cd\u1362<\/span><\/o:p><\/span><\/div>\n
3 <\/span>\u12e8\u12a0\u1261\u1290<\/span> <\/span>\u12a0\u122e\u1295\u1293<\/span> <\/span>\u12a0\u1261\u1290<\/span><\/span>\u134a\u120d\u1336\u1235<\/span> <\/span>\u1308\u12f5\u120b\u1275<\/span> <\/span>\u1260\u122b\u123a\u12eb\u12ca\u12cd<\/span><\/span>\u120a\u1245<\/span> <\/span>\u1260\u1271\u122b\u12a4\u126d<\/span> <\/span>(Boris Turaev, 1905, Acta S. Aaron et S. Philippi<\/i>,<\/o:p><\/span><\/div>\n
Corpus Scriptorum Christianorum Orientalium, Scri. Aeth., ser xx)<\/span>\u1363<\/span> <\/span>\u12e8\u1260\u1338\u120e\u1270<\/span><\/span>\u121a\u12ab\u12a4\u120d<\/span> <\/span>\u12a5\u1293<\/span> <\/span>\u12e8\u12a0\u1296\u122c\u12ce\u1235<\/span><\/span>\u1308\u12f5\u120b\u1275<\/span><\/o:p><\/span><\/div>\n
\u1260\u1323\u120a\u12eb\u1293\u12ca\u12cd<\/span> <\/span>\u121d\u1201\u122d<\/span> <\/span>\u1260\u12ab\u122d\u120e<\/span><\/span>\u12ae\u1295\u1272\u122e\u1232\u1292<\/span> <\/span>(K. Conti Rossini, 1905, Acta S. Basalota Mikael et S. Anorewos <\/i>, in<\/o:p><\/span><\/div>\n
Corpus Scriptorum Christianorum Orientalium, vol. 28-29, Scri. Aeth., 11-12) <\/span>\u1273\u1275\u1218\u12cb\u120d\u1362<\/span><\/o:p><\/span><\/div>\n
4 <\/span>\u12e8\u130b\u1235\u132b\u12cd<\/span> <\/span>\u1245\u1305<\/span><\/o:p><\/span><\/div>\n
5 <\/span>\u1308\u12f5\u1208<\/span> <\/span>\u12a0\u1263<\/span> <\/span>\u130a\u12ee\u122d\u130a\u1235<\/span> <\/span>\u12d8\u130b\u1235\u132b<\/span> <\/span>\u12a5\u1293<\/span> <\/span>\u1308\u12f5\u1208<\/span> <\/span>\u12a0\u1261\u1290<\/span> <\/span>\u1260\u1338\u120e\u1270<\/span><\/span>\u121a\u12ab\u12a4\u120d<\/span> – <\/span>\u130d\u12a5\u12dd<\/span> <\/span>\u12a5\u1293<\/span> <\/span>\u12a0\u121b\u122d\u129b<\/span> – <\/span>\u12a0\u1233\u1273\u121a<\/span> <\/span>\u121b\u1285\u1260\u1228<\/span><\/span>\u1245\u12f1\u1233\u1295\u1364<\/span> <\/span>\u1273\u1285\u1223\u1225<\/span> <\/span>\u1373\u137b\u136c<\/span><\/span>\u12d3<\/span>.<\/span>\u121d<\/span>.<\/o:p><\/span><\/div>\n
6 <\/span>\u1260\u1210\u1228\u122a<\/span> <\/span>\u124b\u1295\u124b<\/span><\/span>\u1240\u12f5\u1218\u12cd<\/span> <\/span>\u12a8\u1270\u133b\u1349\u1275<\/span> <\/span>\u12e8\u12a2\u1275\u12ee\u1335\u12eb<\/span> <\/span>\u124b\u1295\u124b\u12ce\u127d<\/span> <\/span>\u1218\u12ab\u12a8\u120d<\/span> <\/span>\u1260\u1240\u12f3\u121a\u1290\u1271<\/span><\/span>\u12e8\u121a\u1320\u1240\u1230\u12cd<\/span> <\/span>\u1260<\/span>16<\/span>\u129b\u12cd<\/span> <\/span>\u1218<\/span>\/<\/span>\u12ad<\/span>\/<\/span>\u12d8<\/span> <\/span>\u12a5\u1295\u12f0\u1270\u133b\u1348<\/span> <\/span>\u12e8\u121a\u1308\u1218\u1270\u12cd \u1235\u1208<\/span> <\/span>\u1210\u1228\u122d<\/span> 4<\/span>\u1271<\/span> <\/span>\u12a8\u120a\u134b\u12ce\u127d<\/span> <\/span>\u1273\u122a\u12ad<\/span> <\/span>\u12e8\u121a\u1293\u1308\u1228\u12cd<\/span><\/span>\u1290\u12cd\u1362<\/span><\/o:p><\/span><\/div>\n
7 <\/span>\u1260\u12a5\u122d\u130d\u1325<\/span> <\/span>\u12e8\u12a5\u122d\u1231<\/span> <\/span>\u1275\u122d\u1309\u121d<\/span>\u201c<\/span>\u1281\u120d\u1248<\/span> <\/span>\u1270\u12dd\u12ab\u122e\u1219<\/span> <\/span>\u1208\u12a0\u1261\u1290<\/span> <\/span>\u12a0\u122e\u1295<\/span><\/span>\u12c8\u12d8\u12f0\u1242\u1241<\/span>\u201d <\/span>\u1265\u120e<\/span> <\/span>\u1260\u1308\u133d<\/span>435 <\/span>\u120b\u12ed<\/span> <\/span>\u12e8\u12f0\u1265\u1228<\/span> <\/span>\u12f3\u122c\u1276\u1279\u1295<\/span><\/span>\u12a0\u1260\u12cd<\/span> <\/span>\u1265\u127b<\/span> <\/span>\u12ed\u12df\u120d<\/span><\/span>\u12a5\u1295\u1305 \u12e8\u12f0\u1265\u1228<\/span> <\/span>\u120a\u1263\u1296\u1235<\/span> <\/span>\u12a5\u1328\u130c\u12ce\u127d\u1295<\/span><\/span>\u12a0\u12ed\u12d8\u1228\u12dd\u122d\u121d\u1362<\/span><\/o:p><\/span><\/div>\n
8 <\/span>\u1260\u1219\u12eb\u12cd<\/span> <\/span>\u12a0\u1320\u122b\u122d<\/span>Critical Edition <\/span>\u12e8\u121a\u1263\u1208\u12cd<\/span><\/span>\u1232\u1206\u1295<\/span> <\/span>\u12e8\u1260\u1208\u1321\u1271<\/span> <\/span>\u12e8\u1245\u1302<\/span> <\/span>\u1264\u1270\u1230\u1266\u127d<\/span><\/span>\u12e8\u1270\u1235\u121b\u1219\u1260\u1275<\/span> <\/span>\u12d8\u122d<\/span> <\/span>\u1260\u1295\u1263\u1261<\/span>(text) <\/span>\u12cd\u1235\u1325<\/span> <\/span>\u1232\u12ab\u1270\u1275 \u120d\u12e9\u1290\u1276\u1279<\/span> (Variants) <\/span>\u12f0\u130d\u121e<\/span> <\/span>\u1208\u1295\u133d\u133d\u122d<\/span><\/span>\u1260\u130d\u122d\u130c<\/span> <\/span>\u12ed\u1240\u1218\u1323\u1209\u1362<\/span> <\/span>\u12ed\u1205\u121d<\/span> Critical Apparatus <\/span>\u12e8\u121a\u1263\u1208\u12cd<\/span> <\/span>\u1290\u12cd\u1362<\/span><\/div>\n

<\/span><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\n
<\/a><\/div>\n
\n <\/span> <\/span><\/span><\/b> ዶ\/ር አምሳሉ<\/span> <\/span>ተፈራ <\/span><\/b>\n<\/div>\n
(አዲስ አበባ ዩኒቨርሲቲ፣ ፊሎሎጂ ትምህርት ክፍል)<\/span><\/b><\/div>\n
click here for pdf<\/a><\/span><\/b><\/div>\n
<\/p>\n

<\/span><\/b><\/div>\n

\n• <\/span><\/b>ርእስ<\/span><\/b> – <\/span>አራቱ<\/span> <\/span>ኃያላን፦<\/span><\/span>አቡነ<\/span> <\/span>በጸሎተ<\/span> <\/span>ሚካኤል፣<\/span> <\/span>አቡነ<\/span> <\/span>ፊልጶስ፣<\/span><\/span>አቡነ<\/span> <\/span>አኖሬዎስ፣<\/span> <\/span>አቡነ<\/span> <\/span>አሮን<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span>\n<\/div>\n

\n• አዘጋጅ<\/b><\/span> – <\/span>ዲ<\/span>\/<\/span>ዳንኤል<\/span> <\/span>ክብረት<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span>\n<\/div>\n

\n• የገጽ ብዛት<\/b><\/span> – 460 (<\/span>መግቢያውን፣<\/span><\/span>ዋቤ<\/span> <\/span>መጻሕፍትን<\/span> <\/span>እና<\/span> <\/span>መዘርዝሩን<\/span><\/span>ጨምሮ<\/span>)<\/p>\n

<\/span>\n<\/div>\n

\n• አሳታሚ<\/b><\/span> – <\/span>አግዮስ<\/span><\/span>ኅትመትና<\/span> <\/span>ጠቅላላ<\/span> <\/span>ንግድ<\/span> <\/span>ሥራ<\/span><\/span>ኃላ<\/span>. <\/span>የተ<\/span>. <\/span>የግል<\/span><\/span>ማኅበር<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span>\n<\/div>\n

\n• ማተሚያ ቤት<\/b><\/span> – <\/span>አማኑኤል<\/span><\/span>ማ<\/span>\/<\/span>ቤት<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span>\n<\/div>\n

\n• ምረቃው የተካሄደበት ቦታ<\/span><\/b> – <\/span>መንበረ<\/span><\/span>ፀባዖት<\/span> <\/span>ቅ<\/span>\/<\/span>ሥላሴ<\/span><\/span>ካቴድራል<\/span> <\/span>ሁለገብ<\/span> <\/span>አዳራሽ<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span>\n<\/div>\n

\n• ቀን<\/b><\/span>– <\/span>ኅዳር<\/span> 15\/2006 <\/span>ዓ<\/span>.<\/span>ም<\/span>.<\/p>\n

<\/span>\n<\/div>\n

\n• አስተያየት ሰጪ<\/b><\/span> – <\/span>አምሳሉ<\/span><\/span>ተፈራ<\/p>\n

<\/span>\n<\/div>\n

<\/div>\n
\nየመጽሐፉ<\/span><\/b> <\/span><\/b>ሥነ<\/span><\/b> <\/span><\/b>ድርሳናዊ<\/span><\/b> (<\/span><\/b>ፊሎሎጂካል<\/span>(1)<\/span><\/span><\/b>) <\/span><\/b>ጠቀሜታ<\/span><\/b><\/p>\n

<\/span><\/b>\n<\/div>\n

\n፩<\/span><\/b>. <\/span><\/b>መግቢያ<\/p>\n

<\/span><\/b>\n<\/div>\n

\nመጽሐፉ<\/span><\/span>በጣም<\/span> <\/span>ብዙ<\/span> <\/span>እና<\/span><\/span>አዳዲስ<\/span> <\/span>ነገሮችን<\/span> <\/span>ይዟል።<\/span> <\/span>ታሪክ፣<\/span> <\/span>ሃይማኖት፣<\/span> <\/span>ባህል፣<\/span> <\/span>የዓላማ<\/span> <\/span>ጽናት፣<\/span> <\/span>በዘመኑ<\/span> <\/span>የነበረው ቅጣትና<\/span> <\/span>ፍርድ<\/span> <\/span>አሰጣጥ<\/span><\/span>ወዘተ<\/span>2 <\/span>… <\/span>ከያዛቸው<\/span> <\/span>ውስጥ<\/span> <\/span>ዋና<\/span><\/span>ዋናዎቹ<\/span> <\/span>ናቸው።<\/span> <\/span>የታሪክ<\/span> <\/span>አሰናሰሉ፣<\/span> <\/span>የቋንቋ<\/span> <\/span>አጠቃቀሙ፣ የማስረጃዎቹ<\/span> <\/span>ተአማኒነት<\/span> (<\/span>ባብዛኛው<\/span> <\/span>ጥሬ<\/span> <\/span>መረጃዎችንና<\/span><\/span>የመጀመሪያ<\/span> <\/span>ምንጮችን<\/span> <\/span>ማቅረቡ<\/span>) <\/span>ወዘተ<\/span>… <\/span>ለየት<\/span><\/span>ያደርገዋል።<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span>\n<\/div>\n

<\/div>\n
\nይህ<\/span><\/span>ደግሞ<\/span> <\/span>እስካሁን<\/span> <\/span>ድረስ<\/span> <\/span>ያልተሟላውን<\/span><\/span>የሀገራችንን<\/span> <\/span>መካከለኛ<\/span> <\/span>ዘመን<\/span> <\/span>ታሪክ<\/span><\/span>እንዲሟላ<\/span> <\/span>ብዙ<\/span> <\/span>ድርሻን<\/span><\/span>ይወስዳል። በዋናነት<\/span> <\/span>ደግሞ<\/span> <\/span>የቤ<\/span>ተ <\/span>ክርስቲያን<\/span> <\/span>ታሪካችንን<\/span> <\/span>የዚያን<\/span> <\/span>ዘመን<\/span> <\/span>ገጽታና<\/span><\/span>የአበው<\/span> <\/span>ቅዱሳንን<\/span> <\/span>ታሪክ<\/span> <\/span>በስፋት<\/span><\/span>ስለሚያሳይ<\/span> <\/span>ፋይዳው<\/span> <\/span>የጎላ ነው(2)<\/b>።<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span>\n<\/div>\n

<\/div>\n

<\/a><\/p>\n

\nገድላቸው<\/span><\/span>ተተርጉሞ<\/span> <\/span>የቀረበው<\/span> <\/span>አራቱም<\/span> <\/span>አባቶች<\/span> – <\/span>አቡነ<\/span> <\/span>በጸሎተ<\/span><\/span>ሚካኤል፣<\/span> <\/span>አቡነ<\/span> <\/span>ፊልጶስ፣<\/span><\/span>አቡነ<\/span> <\/span>አኖሬዎስ፣<\/span> <\/span>አቡነ አሮን<\/span> – <\/span>በተመሳሳይ<\/span> <\/span>ዘመን<\/span> <\/span>የኖሩ<\/span><\/span>ስለነበር<\/span> <\/span>በአንዱ<\/span> <\/span>ገድል<\/span> <\/span>ውስጥ<\/span><\/span>የሌላውንም<\/span> <\/span>ታሪክ<\/span> <\/span>እናገኛለን።<\/span><\/span>ይህም<\/span> <\/span>ታሪኩን<\/span> <\/span>ይበልጥ ተአማኒና<\/span> <\/span>ተያያዥ<\/span> <\/span>ያደርገዋል።<\/span> <\/span>ገድላቱ<\/span> <\/span>የቅዱሳኑን<\/span> <\/span>የተጋድሎ<\/span> <\/span>ዜና፣<\/span> <\/span>ሐዋርያዊ<\/span><\/span>አገልግሎትና<\/span> <\/span>ያደረጓቸውን<\/span> <\/span>ተአምራት አካተዋል።<\/span> <\/span>እነዚህን<\/span> <\/span>ገድላት<\/span> <\/span>ለመጀመሪያ<\/span> <\/span>ጊዜ<\/span> <\/span>ያጠኗቸው<\/span><\/span>ከ<\/span>100 <\/span>ዓመት<\/span> <\/span>በፊት<\/span><\/span>የውጭ<\/span> <\/span>አገር<\/span> <\/span>ሊቃውንት<\/span><\/span>ሲሆኑ፤ አራቱንም<\/span> <\/span>ገድላት<\/span> <\/span>በግእዝ<\/span> <\/span>አትመው<\/span> <\/span>ወደ<\/span> <\/span>አውሮፓ<\/span><\/span>ቋንቋዎች<\/span> <\/span>ተርጉመዋቸዋል(3)<\/b><\/span>3<\/span>።<\/span> <\/span>እኔ<\/span><\/span>እስከማውቀው<\/span> <\/span>አራቱም<\/span> <\/span>ገድላት እስካሁን<\/span> <\/span>በአማርኛ<\/span> <\/span>ያልተተረጎሙ<\/span> <\/span>ሲሆን<\/span> <\/span>የአባ<\/span><\/span>በጸሎተ<\/span> <\/span>ሚካኤል<\/span> <\/span>ገድል<\/span>4 <\/span>ግን<\/span><\/span>በቅርቡ<\/span> (<\/span>በ<\/span>2004 <\/span>ዓ<\/span>.<\/span>ም<\/span>.) <\/span>ተተርጉሞ<\/span>(4)<\/b>ከአባ ጊዮርጊስ<\/span> <\/span>ዘጋስጫ<\/span> <\/span>ገድል<\/span> <\/span>ጋር<\/span> <\/span>በአንድ<\/span> <\/span>ላይ<\/span> <\/span>በማኅበረ<\/span><\/span>ቅዱሳን<\/span> <\/span>ታትሟል(5)<\/b><\/span>5<\/span>።<\/span> <\/span>ስለዚህ<\/span> <\/span>ይህ<\/span> <\/span>የዲ<\/span>\/<\/span>ን<\/span> <\/span>ዳንኤል<\/span> <\/span>ዝግጅት በተፈላጊው<\/span> <\/span>ሰዓት<\/span> <\/span>የቀረበና<\/span><\/span>ተፈላጊነቱም<\/span> <\/span>እጅግ<\/span> <\/span>የጎላ<\/span><\/span>ነው<\/span> <\/span>የሚል<\/span> <\/span>እምነት<\/span><\/span>አለኝ።<\/span>\n<\/div>\n
<\/a><\/div>\n

<\/span><\/div>\n
\nየኢትዮጵያ<\/span><\/span>ኦርቶዶክስ<\/span> <\/span>ተዋሕዶ<\/span> <\/span>ቤተ<\/span> <\/span>ክርስቲያን<\/span><\/span>የምትቀበላቸውንና<\/span> <\/span>የምትገለገልባቸውን<\/span> <\/span>ቅዱሳት<\/span> <\/span>መጻሕፍት፣ ድርሳናት፣<\/span> <\/span>ገድላት<\/span> <\/span>እንዲሁም<\/span> <\/span>ልዩ<\/span> <\/span>ልዩ<\/span><\/span>መጻሕፍትን<\/span> <\/span>ስናጠና<\/span> <\/span>ምንጫቸውን<\/span> <\/span>በተመለከተ<\/span> <\/span>በ<\/span>2 <\/span>እንከፍላቸዋለን።<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span>\n<\/div>\n


<\/span><\/div>\n
\nየመጀመሪያዎቹ<\/span> <\/span>መሠረታቸው<\/span><\/span>የውጭ<\/span> <\/span>ቋንቋ<\/span> <\/span>ሆኖ<\/span><\/span>በኋላ<\/span> <\/span>ወደ<\/span> <\/span>ኢትዮጵያ<\/span><\/span>ቋንቋ<\/span> (<\/span>ግዕዝ<\/span>) <\/span>የተመለሱ<\/span><\/span>እና<\/span> <\/span>ሁለተኛዎቹ ደግሞ<\/span> <\/span>ሀገር<\/span> <\/span>በቀል<\/span><\/span>ሆነው<\/span> <\/span>ከመጀመሪያው<\/span> <\/span>በግዕዝ<\/span> <\/span>የተጻፉ<\/span> <\/span>ናቸው።<\/span> <\/span>በውጭ<\/span> <\/span>ቋንቋ<\/span><\/span>ማለትም<\/span> <\/span>በግሪክ፣<\/span> <\/span>በሱርስት፣ በዐረብኛ<\/span> <\/span>ተጽፈው<\/span> <\/span>ወደግዕዝ<\/span> <\/span>የተተረጎሙ<\/span> <\/span>በርካታ<\/span> <\/span>ናቸው።<\/span> <\/span>አንዳንድ<\/span> <\/span>አጥኚዎች<\/span> <\/span>ይህን<\/span> <\/span>ዘመን<\/span><\/span>ከአክሱም<\/span> (<\/span>በተለይም ከ<\/span>5<\/span>ኛው<\/span> <\/span>መ<\/span>.<\/span>ክ<\/span>.<\/span>ዘ<\/span>.) <\/span>እስከ<\/span>15<\/span>ኛው<\/span> <\/span>መ<\/span>.<\/span>ክ<\/span>.<\/span>ዘ<\/span>. <\/span>ያደርሱታል።<\/span> <\/span>በሌላ<\/span> <\/span>በኩል<\/span><\/span>ደግሞ<\/span> <\/span>ሀገርኛ<\/span> <\/span>ሥራዎች<\/span> <\/span>ይበልጥ<\/span> <\/span>የተስፋፉት ከ<\/span>15<\/span>ኛው<\/span> <\/span>መ<\/span>.<\/span>ክ<\/span>.<\/span>ዘ<\/span>. <\/span>በኋላ<\/span><\/span>ሲሆን<\/span> <\/span>ከዚያ<\/span> <\/span>በፊትም<\/span><\/span>ግን<\/span> <\/span>እንደነበሩ<\/span> <\/span>ለአብነት<\/span> <\/span>ያህልም<\/span> <\/span>የቅዱስ<\/span> <\/span>ያሬድን<\/span> <\/span>ድርሰቶች<\/span> <\/span>መጥቀስ እንደሚቻል<\/span> <\/span>ባማስረዳት<\/span> <\/span>የሚሞግቱ<\/span> <\/span>ብዙዎች<\/span> <\/span>ናቸው።<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span>\n<\/div>\n

<\/div>\n
\nተጋድሏቸውና<\/span><\/span>ትምህርታቸው<\/span> <\/span>እንዲሁም<\/span> <\/span>ታሪካቸው<\/span> <\/span>ተተርጉሞ<\/span> <\/span>የቀረበው<\/span> <\/span>እና<\/span> <\/span>አዘጋጁ<\/span><\/span>አራቱ<\/span> <\/span>ኃያላን<\/span> <\/span>ብሎ<\/span> <\/span>የሠየማቸው<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span>\n<\/div>\n

\nአበው<\/span><\/span>ገድላቸው<\/span> <\/span>ሀገር<\/span> <\/span>በቀል፣<\/span><\/span>ምንጩም<\/span> <\/span>ግዕዝ<\/span> <\/span>ነው።<\/span><\/span>ወደ<\/span> <\/span>አማርኛ<\/span> <\/span>ቋንቋ<\/span> <\/span>መመለሱም<\/span><\/span>የአንባቢውን<\/span> <\/span>ቁጥር<\/span> <\/span>በእጅጉ እንዲጨምርና<\/span> <\/span>ቅዱሳኑም<\/span><\/span>የተጋደሉለትን<\/span> <\/span>ዓላማ<\/span> <\/span>ሁሉም<\/span><\/span>በውል<\/span> <\/span>እንዲረዳው<\/span> <\/span>በእጅጉ<\/span> <\/span>ያግዛል።<\/span> <\/span>ከዚህም<\/span> <\/span>ጋር<\/span> <\/span>እያንዳንዱ ለብቻ<\/span> <\/span>ቢዘጋጅ<\/span>4 <\/span>ታላላቅ<\/span> <\/span>መጻሕፍት<\/span> <\/span>ሊወጣው<\/span> <\/span>የሚችለውን<\/span> <\/span>እና<\/span> <\/span>እንደ<\/span><\/span>መቅድም<\/span> <\/span>የቀረበው<\/span> <\/span>ታሪካዊ<\/span> <\/span>ትንታኔ<\/span> <\/span>ደግሞ ራሱን<\/span> <\/span>የቻለ<\/span> 5<\/span>ኛ<\/span> <\/span>መጽሐፍ<\/span> <\/span>ሆኖ<\/span> <\/span>ሊወሰድ<\/span><\/span>የሚገባው<\/span> <\/span>ሲሆን<\/span> <\/span>ሁሉንም<\/span><\/span>በአንድ<\/span> <\/span>ላይ<\/span> <\/span>በማቅረቡ<\/span><\/span>ዲ<\/span>\/<\/span>ዳንኤል<\/span> <\/span>ለአንባቢ አሳቢነቱን<\/span> <\/span>ያሳያል<\/span> <\/span>የሚል<\/span> <\/span>እምነት<\/span><\/span>አለኝ።<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span>\n<\/div>\n

<\/div>\n
\n፪<\/span><\/b>. <\/span><\/b>መጽሐፉ<\/span><\/b> <\/span><\/b>ከሥነ<\/span><\/b> <\/span><\/b>ድርሣናዊ<\/span><\/b> <\/span><\/b>ሙያ<\/span><\/b> <\/span><\/b>አንጻር<\/span><\/b> <\/span><\/b>ሲታይ<\/p>\n

<\/span><\/b>\n<\/div>\n

\nረጅም<\/span><\/span>ዘመን<\/span> <\/span>ባስቆጠረው<\/span> <\/span>የጥንታዊ<\/span> <\/span>ጽሑፎች<\/span> <\/span>ጥናት<\/span> <\/span>መስክ<\/span><\/span>የጥናቱ<\/span> <\/span>ማዕከል<\/span> <\/span>ሆነው<\/span> <\/span>የሚወሰዱት<\/span><\/span>ጥንታዊ፣<\/span> <\/span>ታሪካዊና ሃይማኖታዊ<\/span> <\/span>ይዘት<\/span> <\/span>ያላቸው<\/span><\/span>የብራና<\/span> <\/span>ጽሑፎች፣<\/span> <\/span>የድንጋይ<\/span> <\/span>ላይ<\/span> <\/span>ጽሑፎች፣<\/span><\/span>ልዩ<\/span> <\/span>ልዩ<\/span> <\/span>መዛግብት፣<\/span><\/span>ደብዳቤዎችና<\/span> <\/span>በመጽሐፍ <\/span>መልክም<\/span><\/span>ይሁን<\/span> <\/span>በጥቅልል<\/span> <\/span>መልክ<\/span> <\/span>የተዘጋጁ<\/span><\/span>ሠነዶች<\/span> <\/span>ናቸው።<\/span> <\/span>ከዘመን<\/span> <\/span>አንጻርም<\/span> <\/span>ስናያቸው<\/span> <\/span>ከዘመነ<\/span> <\/span>አክሱም<\/span> (<\/span>አንዳንዴም ከዚያ<\/span> <\/span>የሚቀድሙ<\/span> <\/span>ተገኝተዋል<\/span>) <\/span>እስከ<\/span> <\/span>መካከለኛው<\/span><\/span>ዘመን<\/span> <\/span>ገፋ<\/span> <\/span>ካለም<\/span><\/span>እስከ<\/span> <\/span>ቅድመ<\/span> <\/span>ዘመናዊ<\/span><\/span>የኢትዮጵያ<\/span> <\/span>ታሪክ<\/span> (19<\/span>ኛው መ<\/span>.<\/span>ክ<\/span>.<\/span>ዘ<\/span>.) <\/span>ያሉት<\/span><\/span>ናቸው።<\/span> <\/span>የጥንታዊ<\/span> <\/span>ሰነዶቹ<\/span> <\/span>ቋንቋ<\/span> <\/span>ባብዛኛው<\/span><\/span>ግዕዝ<\/span> <\/span>ሲሆን<\/span> <\/span>የድንጋይ<\/span><\/span>ላይ<\/span> <\/span>ጽሑፎቹን<\/span> <\/span>ቋንቋ<\/span> <\/span>ስንመለከት የሳባ<\/span> <\/span>ቋንቋ፣<\/span><\/span>አናባቢ<\/span> <\/span>የሌለው<\/span> <\/span>ግዕዝ<\/span> <\/span>እና<\/span><\/span>ግሪክኛም<\/span> <\/span>ይገኝበታል።<\/span> <\/span>ከዚህም<\/span> <\/span>በተጨማሪ<\/span> <\/span>በጥንታዊ<\/span> <\/span>አማርኛና<\/span> <\/span>ሐረሪ(6)<\/i><\/b><\/span>  <\/span>ቋንቋ፣ እንዲሁም<\/span> <\/span>በክርስቲያናዊ<\/span> <\/span>ዐረብኛ<\/span> <\/span>የተጻፉ<\/span> <\/span>ሰነዶች<\/span> <\/span>በኢትዮጵያ<\/span> <\/span>ተገኝተዋል።<\/span> <\/span>እነዚህ<\/span> <\/span>ሁሉ<\/span> <\/span>በወጉ<\/span><\/span>ሊጠኑ፣<\/span> <\/span>ሊተረጎሙ<\/span> <\/span>እና የያዙት<\/span> <\/span>መልእክትም<\/span> <\/span>ለሕዝብ<\/span> <\/span>ሊዳረስ<\/span> <\/span>ይገባዋል።<\/span> <\/span>ከዚህም<\/span> <\/span>ባሻገር<\/span> <\/span>የተለያየ<\/span> <\/span>ቅጅ<\/span> <\/span>ካላቸው<\/span><\/span>አፈላልጎ<\/span> <\/span>ማስተያየትና የጎደለውን<\/span> <\/span>ማቃናት<\/span> <\/span>ተገቢ<\/span> <\/span>ነው።<\/span>\n<\/div>\n
<\/a><\/div>\n

<\/span><\/div>\n
\nከነዚህ<\/span><\/span>እውነታዎች<\/span> <\/span>አንጻር<\/span> <\/span>በዛሬው<\/span> <\/span>ዕለት<\/span> <\/span>እየመረቅነው<\/span><\/span>የሚገኘውን<\/span> <\/span>የዲ<\/span>\/<\/span>ዳንኤል<\/span><\/span>መጽሐፍ<\/span> <\/span>ስንቃኘው<\/span>:-<\/p>\n

<\/span>\n<\/div>\n

\n1. <\/span>ከቋንቋው<\/span> <\/span>አንጻር<\/span> <\/span>ከግዕዝ<\/span> <\/span>ወደአማርኛ<\/span> <\/span>መተርጎሙ፣<\/span> <\/span>ከዘመን<\/span> <\/span>አንጻር<\/span> <\/span>የሀገራችንን<\/span> <\/span>መካከለኛ<\/span> <\/span>ዘመን<\/span> <\/span>ታሪክ በተለይም<\/span> <\/span>በዓምደ<\/span><\/span>ጽዮን<\/span> <\/span>እና<\/span> <\/span>ንጉሥ<\/span><\/span>ሰይፈ<\/span> <\/span>አርዕድ<\/span> <\/span>የነበረውን<\/span> <\/span>ታሪክ<\/span> <\/span>በስፋት<\/span><\/span>በመያዙ<\/span> <\/span>ፍይዳው<\/span> <\/span>ብዙ<\/span> <\/span>ነው።<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span>\n<\/div>\n

\n2. <\/span>የተለያዩ<\/span> <\/span>ቅጂዎች<\/span> <\/span>ይኖሩ<\/span> <\/span>እንደሁ<\/span><\/span>ብሎ<\/span> <\/span>ማሰቡና<\/span> <\/span>ይህንንም<\/span> <\/span>ለማሳካት<\/span> <\/span>የተለያዩ<\/span> <\/span>ገዳማትና<\/span> <\/span>አድባራትን፣<\/span> <\/span>በሀገር ውስጥና<\/span> <\/span>በውጭ<\/span> <\/span>ሀገር<\/span><\/span>የሚገኙ<\/span> <\/span>አብያተ<\/span> <\/span>መጻሕፍትንና<\/span> <\/span>መዘክሮችን<\/span> <\/span>ማሰሱ፣<\/span> <\/span>እንዲሁም<\/span> <\/span>በአንዳንድ<\/span> <\/span>ግለሰቦች ይዞታ<\/span> <\/span>ሊገኙ<\/span> <\/span>የሚችሉ<\/span><\/span>መረጃዎችን<\/span> <\/span>ማፈላለጉ፣<\/span> <\/span>ይህንንም<\/span> <\/span>ባብዛኛው<\/span> <\/span>ማሳካቱ<\/span> <\/span>ዲ<\/span>\/<\/span>ዳንኤልን<\/span><\/span>ያስመሰግነዋል።<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span>\n<\/div>\n

\n3. <\/span>ተጨማሪ<\/span><\/span>የገድል<\/span> <\/span>ቅጂዎችን<\/span> <\/span>ማግኘቱ<\/span> <\/span>እና<\/span> <\/span>መጠቆሙ<\/span><\/span>በጣም<\/span> <\/span>ጠቃሚ<\/span> <\/span>ነው።<\/span><\/span>ለምሳሌ<\/span> <\/span>ያህልም፥<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span>\n<\/div>\n

<\/div>\n
\n• <\/span>እስካሁን<\/span> <\/span>ከሚታወቀው<\/span> <\/span>የዳጋ<\/span> <\/span>እስጥፋኖስ<\/span><\/span>ገድለ<\/span> <\/span>አባ<\/span> <\/span>በጸሎተ<\/span><\/span>ሚካኤል<\/span> (<\/span>ኮንቲሮሲኒ<\/span> <\/span>በ<\/span>1905 <\/span>ያሳተመው<\/span>) <\/span>በተጨማሪ<\/span> <\/span>በተንቤን<\/span> <\/span>እንዳ<\/span> <\/span>እጨጌ<\/span><\/span>ኪዳነ<\/span> <\/span>ምሕረት<\/span> <\/span>ሌላ<\/span> <\/span>ገድል<\/span><\/span>መኖሩን<\/span> <\/span>መጠቆሙ ለሌላ<\/span> <\/span>አጥኚ<\/span> <\/span>ጥሩ<\/span><\/span>መረጃ<\/span> <\/span>ነው።<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span>\n<\/div>\n

\n• <\/span>ገድለ<\/span> <\/span>ፊልጶስን<\/span> <\/span>በተመለከተ<\/span> <\/span>ቱራኤቭ<\/span> <\/span>በ<\/span>1905 <\/span>ካሳተመው<\/span><\/span>ውጭ<\/span> <\/span>ሌሎች<\/span> 6 <\/span>መኖራቸውን<\/span><\/span>ከነዚህም መካከል<\/span> <\/span>የአምሐራ<\/span> <\/span>ሳይንቱ<\/span> <\/span>አዲስና<\/span> <\/span>እርሱ<\/span> <\/span>ያገኘው<\/span><\/span>እንደሆነ<\/span> <\/span>መጠቆሙ<\/span> <\/span>በጣም<\/span> <\/span>ጠቃሚ<\/span><\/span>ነው።<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span>\n<\/div>\n

\n• <\/span>ገድለ<\/span> <\/span>አኖሬዎስን<\/span> <\/span>አስመልክቶ<\/span> <\/span>ኮንቲሮሲኒ<\/span> <\/span>በ<\/span>1905 <\/span>ካሳተመው<\/span><\/span>በተጨማሪ<\/span> 10 <\/span>ቅጂዎችን<\/span> <\/span>ማግኘቱ የሚደነቅ<\/span> <\/span>ነው።<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span>\n<\/div>\n

\n• <\/span>ገድለ<\/span> <\/span>አቡነ<\/span> <\/span>አሮንን<\/span><\/span>ቱራኤቭ<\/span> <\/span>በ<\/span>1905 <\/span>አሳትሞት<\/span><\/span>ነበር።<\/span> <\/span>ዲ<\/span>\/<\/span>ዳንኤል<\/span><\/span>ይህን<\/span> <\/span>እትም<\/span> <\/span>ከመቄቱ<\/span><\/span>ገድለ<\/span> <\/span>አሮን ጋር<\/span> <\/span>አስተያይቶ<\/span> <\/span>ነው<\/span> <\/span>ወደ<\/span><\/span>አማርኛ<\/span> <\/span>የመለሰው።<\/span> <\/span>ከዚህ<\/span> <\/span>ሌላ<\/span><\/span>ግን<\/span> <\/span>በብሪቲሽ<\/span> <\/span>ሙዚየም<\/span> <\/span>የሚገኝ<\/span> <\/span>አንድ ገድልና<\/span> <\/span>በትግራይ<\/span> <\/span>ተንቤን<\/span> <\/span>ሌላ<\/span> <\/span>ቅጅ<\/span><\/span>ሊኖር<\/span> <\/span>እንደሚችል<\/span> <\/span>እርሱ<\/span> <\/span>ግን<\/span><\/span>ሊያገኘው<\/span> <\/span>እንዳልቻለ<\/span> <\/span>መጠቆሙ መልካም<\/span> <\/span>ጥረት<\/span> <\/span>ነው።<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span>\n<\/div>\n

\n4. <\/span>የትርጉም<\/span> <\/span>ሥራው<\/span> <\/span>የግርጌ<\/span><\/span>ማስታዎሻ<\/span> <\/span>ጠቀሜታ<\/span> – <\/span>ዲ<\/span>\/<\/span>ዳንኤል<\/span><\/span>አራቱንም<\/span> <\/span>ገድላት<\/span> <\/span>ከመገኛቸው<\/span> <\/span>ቋንቋ<\/span> <\/span>ከግዕዝ ወደ<\/span><\/span>አማርኛ<\/span> <\/span>መልሷል።<\/span> <\/span>አይግለጸው<\/span> <\/span>እንጅ<\/span> <\/span>ትርጉሙ<\/span><\/span>የቃል<\/span> <\/span>በቃል<\/span> <\/span>ቀጥታ<\/span><\/span>ትርጉም<\/span> <\/span>ይመስላል።<\/span> <\/span>ከዚህ<\/span> <\/span>በላይ ግን<\/span><\/span>ማብራሪያ<\/span> <\/span>የሚያስፈልጋቸውንና<\/span> <\/span>እርሱ<\/span> <\/span>ያገኛቸውን<\/span><\/span>አዳዲስ<\/span> <\/span>መረጃዎች<\/span> <\/span>ቁጥር<\/span> <\/span>በመስጠት<\/span><\/span>አብራርቷል፣ ተንትኗል።<\/span> <\/span>በጥቅሉ<\/span> <\/span>በገድለ<\/span> <\/span>በጸሎተ<\/span> <\/span>ሚካኤል<\/span> <\/span>ላይ<\/span> 251<\/span>፣<\/span> <\/span>በገድለ<\/span> <\/span>ፊልጶስ<\/span> <\/span>ላይ<\/span> 378<\/span>፣<\/span> <\/span>በገድለ<\/span> <\/span>አኖሬዎስ<\/span> <\/span>ላይ <\/span>156<\/span>፣<\/span> <\/span>በገድለ<\/span> <\/span>አሮን<\/span> <\/span>ላይ<\/span>181 <\/span>ማብራሪያዎችን<\/span> <\/span>በግርጌ<\/span> <\/span>ማስታዎሻ<\/span> <\/span>አስቀምጧል።<\/span> <\/span>ይህም<\/span> <\/span>ለሥራው<\/span><\/span>ምን<\/span> <\/span>ያህል እንደተጨነቀ<\/span> <\/span>የሚያሳይ<\/span> <\/span>ሲሆን<\/span> <\/span>እስካሁን<\/span><\/span>ከተለመደው<\/span> <\/span>የገድላት<\/span> <\/span>የአማርኛ<\/span> <\/span>ትርጉም<\/span> <\/span>የእርሱን<\/span> <\/span>የተለየ ያደርገዋል።<\/span> <\/span>ከዚህም<\/span> <\/span>በላይ<\/span> <\/span>የሚተነትናቸው<\/span> <\/span>ጉዳዮች<\/span><\/span>አዳዲስና<\/span> <\/span>ተዛማጅ<\/span> <\/span>ጉዳዮች<\/span> <\/span>ስለሆኑ<\/span> <\/span>መጽሐፉን<\/span> <\/span>የበለጠ ተመራጭ<\/span> <\/span>ያደርገዋል።<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span>\n<\/div>\n

\n5. <\/span>በአንዳንድ<\/span> <\/span>ነጥቦች<\/span> <\/span>ላይ<\/span> <\/span>እስካሁን<\/span><\/span>የተሰሩ<\/span> <\/span>ሥራዎችን<\/span> <\/span>ከዳሰሰ<\/span> <\/span>በኋላ<\/span> <\/span>መረጃዎች<\/span><\/span>ተስተካክለው<\/span> <\/span>እንዲቀመጡ ማድረጉ<\/span> <\/span>ሌላው<\/span> <\/span>ጠቀሜታው<\/span><\/span>ነው።<\/span> <\/span>ለምሳሌ<\/span> <\/span>ቱራኤቭ<\/span> <\/span>ያሳተመው<\/span> <\/span>ገድለ<\/span> <\/span>ፊልጶስ<\/span><\/span>ዘመኑ<\/span> <\/span>በ<\/span>14<\/span>ኛው<\/span><\/span>መ<\/span>.<\/span>ክ<\/span>.<\/span>ዘ<\/span>. <\/span>ሳይሆን<\/span> <\/span>በ<\/span>18<\/span>ኛው<\/span><\/span>መ<\/span>.<\/span>ክ<\/span>.<\/span>ዘ<\/span>. <\/span>የተገለበጠ<\/span> <\/span>መሆኑን<\/span> <\/span>ማሳየቱ፤<\/span> <\/span>ገድለ<\/span> <\/span>አቡነ<\/span><\/span>አሮን<\/span> <\/span>የ<\/span>15<\/span>ኛው<\/span><\/span>መ<\/span>.<\/span>ክ<\/span>.<\/span>ዘ<\/span>. <\/span>ሥራ<\/span> <\/span>ሊሆን እንደሚችል<\/span> <\/span>ለማሳያነትም<\/span> <\/span>ገድሉ<\/span> <\/span>የደብረ<\/span><\/span>ሊባኖስን<\/span> <\/span>እጨጌዎች<\/span> <\/span>ሲዘረዝር<\/span> <\/span>የሚያቆመው<\/span> <\/span>አቡነ<\/span> <\/span>መርሐ<\/span><\/span>ክርስቶስ<\/span>7 <\/span>(1455-1489) <\/span>ላይ<\/span> <\/span>መሆኑን<\/span><\/span>መጥቀሱ(7)<\/i><\/b><\/span> <\/span>ወዘተ<\/span>… <\/span>ጥንታዊ<\/span><\/span>ሰነዶች<\/span>\/<\/span>መዛግብት<\/span> <\/span>ሲጠኑ<\/span> <\/span>እንዲህ<\/span><\/span>እየተገናዘቡ<\/span> <\/span>መሆን እንደሚገባው<\/span> <\/span>የሚያስረዳ<\/span> <\/span>ነው።<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span>\n<\/div>\n

<\/div>\n
\n፫<\/span><\/b>. <\/span><\/b>አስተያየት<\/span><\/b><\/p>\n

<\/span><\/b>\n<\/div>\n

\nከላይ<\/span><\/span>ባጭሩ<\/span> <\/span>እንዳየነው<\/span> <\/span>ይህ<\/span> <\/span>ሥራ<\/span><\/span>በጣም<\/span> <\/span>ማለፊያ<\/span> <\/span>ነው።<\/span> <\/span>ሆኖም<\/span><\/span>እጅግ<\/span> <\/span>የተወጣለት<\/span> <\/span>ለማድረግ<\/span> <\/span>እና<\/span> <\/span>ምናልባት<\/span><\/span>ጊዜ ቢፈቅድለት<\/span> <\/span>ዲ<\/span>\/<\/span>ዳንኤል<\/span><\/span>ይህን<\/span> <\/span>ሥራ<\/span> <\/span>በድጋሚ<\/span><\/span>ቢያሳትመው<\/span> <\/span>ወይም<\/span> <\/span>ተመሳሳይ<\/span><\/span>ሥራዎችን<\/span> <\/span>ለወደፊቱ<\/span> <\/span>ሲሰራ ቢጠቀምባቸው<\/span> <\/span>ብየ<\/span> <\/span>የምጠቁመው<\/span><\/span>ሁለት<\/span> <\/span>አስተያየቶች፣<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span>\n<\/div>\n

\n• <\/span>የሚያገኛቸውን<\/span> <\/span>የገድል<\/span> <\/span>ቅጂዎች<\/span> <\/span>ሁሉንም<\/span> <\/span>እያመሳከረ<\/span> <\/span>ልዩነታቸውን<\/span> <\/span>እየነቀሰ<\/span> <\/span>አንድ<\/span> <\/span>ወጥና የተመሳከረ<\/span> <\/span>ከሁሉም<\/span><\/span>ቅጂዎች<\/span> <\/span>የተውጣጣ<\/span> <\/span>እትም (8)<\/i><\/b><\/span> <\/span>ቢሰራ፣<\/span><\/span>ቢተረጉም። <\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span>\n<\/div>\n

\n• <\/span>የውጭ<\/span> <\/span>ሊቃውንት<\/span> <\/span>ያጠኗቸውን<\/span> <\/span>ከሚተረጉም<\/span> <\/span>ይልቅ<\/span> <\/span>እርሱ<\/span><\/span>ያገኛቸውን<\/span> <\/span>አዳዲስ<\/span> <\/span>ገድላት<\/span> <\/span>ቢተረጉም ወይም<\/span> <\/span>በፊት<\/span> <\/span>ከተሰሩት<\/span><\/span>ጋር<\/span> <\/span>እያነጻጸረ<\/span> <\/span>ቢሠራ<\/span> <\/span>የርሱ<\/span><\/span>ሥራ<\/span> <\/span>ሚናው<\/span> <\/span>የጎላ<\/span><\/span>ሊሆን<\/span> <\/span>እንደሚችል ይታየኛል፤<\/span> <\/span>በማለት<\/span> <\/span>ሃሣቤን<\/span> <\/span>እዚህ<\/span> <\/span>ላይ<\/span><\/span>እደመድማለሁ።<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span>\n<\/div>\n

\nበመጨረሻም<\/span><\/span>ውድ<\/span> <\/span>ወንድሜ<\/span> <\/span>ዲ<\/span>\/<\/span>ዳንኤል<\/span><\/span>እግዚአብሔር<\/span> <\/span>ኃይልና<\/span> <\/span>ብርታቱን<\/span> <\/span>ሰጥቶ<\/span> <\/span>እንኳን<\/span><\/span>ይህን<\/span> <\/span>ጠቃሚ<\/span> <\/span>ሥራ አስፈጸመህ፤<\/span> <\/span>እንኳንም<\/span><\/span>ደስ<\/span> <\/span>አለህ፤<\/span> <\/span>ለወደፊቱም<\/span> <\/span>የበለጠ<\/span> <\/span>ያትጋህ<\/span> <\/span>በማለት<\/span> <\/span>መልካም<\/span> <\/span>ምኞቴን<\/span> <\/span>በመግለጽ<\/span> <\/span>አስተያየቴን እደመድማለሁ።<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span>\n<\/div>\n

\nስላደመጣችሁኝ<\/span> <\/span>ሁላችሁንም<\/span> <\/span>እግዚአብሔር<\/span> <\/span>ያክብርልኝ<\/span> !!!!<\/p>\n

<\/span>\n<\/div>\n

                                          <\/p>\n

<\/span><\/u><\/div>\n

\n1 <\/span>ፊሎሎጂ<\/span> <\/span>የተሰኘውን<\/span> <\/span>ጥናት<\/span> <\/span>ስያሜ<\/span><\/span>ወደ<\/span> <\/span>አማርኛ<\/span> <\/span>በቀጥታ<\/span><\/span>አቻ<\/span> <\/span>ትርጉም<\/span> <\/span>ለመስጠት<\/span><\/span>ለጊዜው<\/span> <\/span>አልተቻለም።<\/span> <\/span>በዚህ<\/span> <\/span>አቀራረብ<\/span><\/span>ግን<\/span> “<\/span>ሥነ ድርሳን<\/span>” <\/span>ወይም<\/span> “<\/span>ጥንታዊ<\/span>  <\/span>የጽሑፎች<\/span> <\/span>ጥናት<\/span>” <\/span>ብለን<\/span><\/span>ልንወስደው<\/span> <\/span>እንችላለን።<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span>\n<\/div>\n

\n2 <\/span>ከዚህ<\/span> <\/span>መካከል<\/span> <\/span>እኔ<\/span> <\/span>የማቀርበው<\/span> <\/span>ፊሎሎጂያዊ<\/span> <\/span>ጠቀሜታውን<\/span> <\/span>ነው።<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span>\n<\/div>\n

\n3 <\/span>የአቡነ<\/span> <\/span>አሮንና<\/span> <\/span>አቡነ<\/span><\/span>ፊልጶስ<\/span> <\/span>ገድላት<\/span> <\/span>በራሺያዊው<\/span><\/span>ሊቅ<\/span> <\/span>በቱራኤቭ<\/span> <\/span>(Boris Turaev, 1905, Acta S. Aaron et S. Philippi<\/i>,<\/p>\n

<\/span>\n<\/div>\n

\nCorpus Scriptorum Christianorum Orientalium, Scri. Aeth., ser xx)<\/span>፣<\/span> <\/span>የበጸሎተ<\/span><\/span>ሚካኤል<\/span> <\/span>እና<\/span> <\/span>የአኖሬዎስ<\/span><\/span>ገድላት<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span>\n<\/div>\n

\nበጣሊያናዊው<\/span> <\/span>ምሁር<\/span> <\/span>በካርሎ<\/span><\/span>ኮንቲሮሲኒ<\/span> <\/span>(K. Conti Rossini, 1905, Acta S. Basalota Mikael et S. Anorewos <\/i>, in<\/p>\n

<\/span>\n<\/div>\n

\nCorpus Scriptorum Christianorum Orientalium, vol. 28-29, Scri. Aeth., 11-12) <\/span>ታትመዋል።<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span>\n<\/div>\n

\n4 <\/span>የጋስጫው<\/span> <\/span>ቅጅ<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span>\n<\/div>\n

\n5 <\/span>ገድለ<\/span> <\/span>አባ<\/span> <\/span>ጊዮርጊስ<\/span> <\/span>ዘጋስጫ<\/span> <\/span>እና<\/span> <\/span>ገድለ<\/span> <\/span>አቡነ<\/span> <\/span>በጸሎተ<\/span><\/span>ሚካኤል<\/span> – <\/span>ግእዝ<\/span> <\/span>እና<\/span> <\/span>አማርኛ<\/span> – <\/span>አሳታሚ<\/span> <\/span>ማኅበረ<\/span><\/span>ቅዱሳን፤<\/span> <\/span>ታኅሣሥ<\/span> <\/span>፳፻፬<\/span><\/span>ዓ<\/span>.<\/span>ም<\/span>.<\/p>\n

<\/span>\n<\/div>\n

\n6 <\/span>በሐረሪ<\/span> <\/span>ቋንቋ<\/span><\/span>ቀድመው<\/span> <\/span>ከተጻፉት<\/span> <\/span>የኢትዮጵያ<\/span> <\/span>ቋንቋዎች<\/span> <\/span>መካከል<\/span> <\/span>በቀዳሚነቱ<\/span><\/span>የሚጠቀሰው<\/span> <\/span>በ<\/span>16<\/span>ኛው<\/span> <\/span>መ<\/span>\/<\/span>ክ<\/span>\/<\/span>ዘ<\/span> <\/span>እንደተጻፈ<\/span> <\/span>የሚገመተው ስለ<\/span> <\/span>ሐረር<\/span> 4<\/span>ቱ<\/span> <\/span>ከሊፋዎች<\/span> <\/span>ታሪክ<\/span> <\/span>የሚናገረው<\/span><\/span>ነው።<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span>\n<\/div>\n

\n7 <\/span>በእርግጥ<\/span> <\/span>የእርሱ<\/span> <\/span>ትርጉም<\/span>“<\/span>ኁልቈ<\/span> <\/span>ተዝካሮሙ<\/span> <\/span>ለአቡነ<\/span> <\/span>አሮን<\/span><\/span>ወዘደቂቁ<\/span>” <\/span>ብሎ<\/span> <\/span>በገጽ<\/span>435 <\/span>ላይ<\/span> <\/span>የደብረ<\/span> <\/span>ዳሬቶቹን<\/span><\/span>አበው<\/span> <\/span>ብቻ<\/span> <\/span>ይዟል<\/span><\/span>እንጅ የደብረ<\/span> <\/span>ሊባኖስ<\/span> <\/span>እጨጌዎችን<\/span><\/span>አይዘረዝርም።<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span>\n<\/div>\n

\n8 <\/span>በሙያው<\/span> <\/span>አጠራር<\/span>Critical Edition <\/span>የሚባለው<\/span><\/span>ሲሆን<\/span> <\/span>የበለጡቱ<\/span> <\/span>የቅጂ<\/span> <\/span>ቤተሰቦች<\/span><\/span>የተስማሙበት<\/span> <\/span>ዘር<\/span> <\/span>በንባቡ<\/span>(text) <\/span>ውስጥ<\/span> <\/span>ሲካተት ልዩነቶቹ<\/span> (Variants) <\/span>ደግሞ<\/span> <\/span>ለንጽጽር<\/span><\/span>በግርጌ<\/span> <\/span>ይቀመጣሉ።<\/span> <\/span>ይህም<\/span> Critical Apparatus <\/span>የሚባለው<\/span> <\/span>ነው።<\/span>\n<\/div>\n

<\/span>\n<\/div>\n

Read more ›<\/a><\/div>\n

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