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http:\/\/66.147.244.58\/~theethio\/harartub … %E1%8A%93\/<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" ‹‹ዘረኝነት›› እና ኢትዮጵያ ምን አገናኛቸው? \/Minillik Salsawi\/<\/p>\n ለዚህ ጽሁፍ መነሻ የሆነኝ በፌስ ቡክና በሌሎች አጋጣሚዎች ታዋቂና አንቱ የተባሉ ፖለቲከኞች ሳይቀር በኢትዮጵያ ያለውን ልዩነት ‹‹ዘር፣ ዘረኝነት፣ ዘረኛ›› እያለ ሲገልጹ ማየትና ማንበቤ ነው፡፡ ለመሆኑ ኢትዮጵያ ውስጥ ‹‹ዘር፣ዘረኝነት፣ዘረኛ›› አሉ? ለሰው ልጅ አመጣጥ ሳይንሳዊ አሊያም መለኮታዊ አመጣጥ ይሰጠዋል፡፡ አንደኛው ሰው ከዝንጀሮ መሰል እንሰሳ መጣ ሲል ሌላኛው አሁን ያለውን አካል ይዞ ነው የተወለደው በሚል ‹‹አምላክ ሰውን በአምሳያው ፈጠረ!›› ይለናል፡፡ የዓለም ህዝብ ከዝንጀሮ መጣ የሚሉት መነሻውን ወደ አፋር ሲጎትቱት በመለኮታዊው ግምገማቸው ወደ መካከለኛው ምስራቅ የተጠጋ ሆኖ እናገኘዋለን፡፡ በሁለቱ አመለካከቶች መሰረት የሰው ‹‹ዘር›› ምንጩ አንድ መሆኑንእንረዳለን፡፡ ግን ሰዎች በዚህ አልተወሰኑም፡፡ ሰውን ለመነጣጠል የሚያስችል ፖለቲካ ጨመረበት፡፡ በቆዳ ቀለሙ፣ በአኗኗሩ፣ በሰውነትና አካል ቅርጹ፣ እና በመሳሰሉት አናሳ ወይንም የበላይነቱ! ይህን መሰረት በማድረግ በ18ኛው ክፍለዘመን ጆሃን ብሉሜንባች የተባለ ጀርመናዊ የህክምና ባለሙያ አምስት ዋና ዋና የሰው ‹‹ዘር›› አይነቶችን አስቀምጦ ነበር፡፡ አውሮፓን ማዕከል አድርጎ የምዕራበዊያንን ነጮች ካውካሳይድ ብሎ ጠራቸው፡፡ የኤሲያዎቹን ‹‹ብጫ›› ህዝቦች ሞንጎሎይድ ብሎ አንድ ‹‹ዘር›› ውስጥ አስቀመጣቸው፡፡ አውስትራሊያና ኦሺኒያን ደግሞ ማሌዠያ የሚል ስያሜ ሰጣቸው፡፡ አሜሪካኖቹን አሜሪካውያን በሚል ሰየማቸው፡፡ ጥቁር አፍሪካውያንን በሙሉ ደግሞ ኢትዮጵያውያን የሚል ‹‹ዘር›› ውስጥ አስቀመጣቸው፡፡ ይህን አምነን እንቀበል ብንል እንኳ አማራ፣ ኦሮሞ፣ ትግሬ፣ አፋር፣ እና ሌሎች አፍሪካውያን አንድ ‹‹ኢትዮጵያ›› የሚባል ‹‹ዘር›› ውስጥ ናቸው፡፡ በአሁኑ ወቅት ደግሞ ከቀለም፣ የቅርጽና ሌሎች ፖለቲካ ያልተላቀቀው ‹‹ታሪክ›› የሚያስተምረው ሶስት የሰው ‹‹ዘር›› አሉ ብሎ ነው፡፡ ነጮቹን በድፍን ካውካሳይድ ይሏቸዋል፡፡ ጥቁሮቹን ኔግሮይድ ብለው ይሰይሙታል፡፡ ኢትዮጵያውያን በሙሉ ከዚህ ውስጥ እንገኛለን፡፡ ሞንጎሎይድ የሚሉት ደግሞ ወደ ቢጫ ይጠጋል የሚሉትን የኤሲያ ህዝብ ነው፡፡ ዘር ምን ያህል እውነት ነው? ………… በዘመናችን ‹‹ዘረን›› ከፖለቲካ መቀስቀሻነት ባለፈ ‹‹ሳይንሳዊ›› ትንታኔው የሚሰጡት ባይጠፉም በቆዳ ቀለም፣ አካላዊ ቅርጽና በመሳሰሉት የሚለየዩ ሰዎች በስነ ህይወታዊ ይህ ነው የሚባል የጎላ ልዩነት እንደሌላቸው የሚከራከሩት ተበራክተዋል፡፡ ለአብነት ያህል ዘር ከስነ ህይወታዊ በተለይም ከዘረመል ጋር የረባ ግንኙነት የሌለው መሆኑን በርካታ ጥናቶች አረጋግጠዋል፡፡ ለፖለቲካ መቀስቀሻም ቢሆን በአይን ቀለሙ ለማመሳሰል የተሞከረ ህዝብ በቆዳ ቀለሙ አይገናኝም፡፡ አሊያም በአፍንጫው፣ ወይንም በሌላው ነገሩ ይያያል፡፡ በመሆኑም ፖለቲከኞች አሊያም ሰውን የሚከፋፍሉት ‹‹አጥኚዎች›› ‹‹ዘር›› ብለው ሲመድቡ ለራሳቸው አስተሳሰብ ወይንም ጥቅም ቅርበት ያለውን በማጠጋጋት ብቻ ነው፡፡ በምዕራበዊያን አገራት ከእናቱ ወይንም ከአባቱ አንዱ ጥቁር የሆነው ጥቁር ይሉታል፡፡ ከዚህ በኋላ የእሱ የልጅ ልጆች ምንም ያህል ከነጭ ጋር ቢወላለዱና ነጭ ቢመስሉም ‹‹ኔግሮ›› የሚል ዘር ውስጥ መመደባቸው የግድ ነው፡፡ የኦባማ ልጆች ምንም ያህል ከነጭ ጋር ቢወላለዱ የልጅ ልጆቻቸው ጥቁር እንጅ ነጭ አይባሉም፡፡ ይህም የበላይ ነን የሚሉት ነጮች ለጥቁር ህዝብ ባላቸው የተሳሳተ አለመካከት የመጣ እንጅ የቀለም፣ የቆዳ አጠቃላይ የአካል ቅርጽ እንዳልሆነ የሚያሳይ ነው፡፡ ስለሆነም ይህ የሚያሳየን አብዛኛዎቹ ዘር ጥቃቅን ስነ ህይወታዊ ጉዳዮችን በማጋነን የመጣ ማህበራዊና ፖለቲካዊ ፈጠራ መሆኑን ነው፡፡ ዘር የፖለቲካ ፈጠራ በመሆኑ ፓስተር፣ ቄሱ፣ ሹሁና ሌላው የ‹‹ሀይማኖት›› አባት የሰው ልጅ ከአንድ አዳምና ሄዋን መጣ ብሎ ሳይጨርስ ስለተለያዩ ‹‹ዘሮች›› ፖለቲካዊ ትርጉም ያወሩልናል፡፡ ስለ ጥንታዊ ሰው የሚያጠናው ሳይንቲስት የሰው ዘር መገኛ ‹‹አፍሪካ ነች›› ብሎ ሳያበቃ ፖለቲካው በጎተተው መጠን ስለተለያዩ ዘሮች ከማውራት አይቆጠብም፡፡ እንደ አብዛኛዎቹ የወቅቱ ሀቀኛ ምሁራን ከሆነ የቆዳ ቀለም ልዩነትን ለመፍጠር ከዘረመል ይልቅ የአየር ንብረት ትልቅ ቦታ አለው፡፡ በአፍሪካ በርሃማ ቦታዎች የሚኖርና በአውሮፓ ግግር በረዶማ ቦታዎች የሚኖር ህዝብ አንድ አይነት የቆዳ ቀለም ሊኖረው አይችልም፡፡ ሆኖም በሂደት ተላምዶዊም ሆነ በሌላ ምክንያት ዘረመልም በቆዳ ቀለምና በመሳሰሉት ምንም አስተዋጽኦ የለውም ማለት አይደለም፡፡ ይልቁንስ የቆዳ ቀለምንና የመሳሳሉትን ልዩነት በመፍጠር ሚና የሚኖረው ዘረመል በጣም ጥቂትና በሰዎች መካከል ለመሰረታዊ ልዩነት መነሻ የሚሆን አለመሆኑ ነው፡፡ ከዚህ ይልቅ ‹‹ተመሳሳይ›› በሚባሉ ህዝቦች መካከል ያለው ስነ ህይወታዊ ልዩነትም በቀላሉ የሚታይ አይደለም፡፡ ከደም አይነት ጀምሮ ከቤተሰብ፣ ከጎሳና ብሄር፣ እንዲሁም ዘር የሚባለው በሙሉ የተለያዩ ናቸው፡፡ የአሜሪካን አንትሮፖሎጅ ማህበር እ.ኤ.አ በ1998 ባወጣው ጥናት ‹‹የሰውን ዘር በስነ ህይወታዊ ጥናት ድንበር ለይቶ መከፋፈል አይቻልም፡፡ 94 በመቶ ያህል የሰዎች ስነ ህይወታዊ ልዩነት አንድ ‹ዘር›› ውስጥ ናቸው በሚባሉት ውስጥም ይከሰታል፡፡›› የሚል መደምደሚያ ላይ ደርሷል፡፡ ይህ ማለትም አብዛኛው ልዩነት አንድ ዘር በሚባሉትም መካከል እንዳለ ነው፡፡ በተለያዩ ወቅቶች ‹‹ዘር›› ለሚባለው የተሰጠውም ይህንኑ ጥላቻ አዘል ፖለቲካ የሚያሳይ ነው፡፡ ለአብነት ያህል በ18ኛውና 19ኛው ክፍለ ዘመን በነጮቹ ዘንድ ጥቁር ግማሽ እንሰሳ እንደሆነ ሁሉ ይታመን ነበር፡፡ በ19ኛው እና 20ኛው ክፍለ ዘመን ለዚህ አሉታዊ አስተሳሰብን የሚቃረን የማርክሲዝም አስተሳሰብ ብቅ ብሏል፡፡ በ20ኛው ክፈለ ዘመን በተለይም በ1930 ጀምሮ ደግሞ ዘር ለጦርነት ምክንያት ሲሆን አካላዊ ሳይሆን ፖለቲካዊና በፖለቲከኞች ፈጠራ የመጣ ልዩነት መሆኑን አስመስክሯል፡፡ ይህም ዘር የሚባለው ‹‹ፈጠራ›› መሆኑን እንደሚያሳይ በርካቶች በመከራከሪያነት ያቀርቡታል፡፡ ኢትዮጵያና የዘር ጉዳይ ………… ዘር መኖሩን አምነው በጉዳዩ ጥናቶችን የሚያደርጉ ‹‹ምሁራን›› ዘርን የሚያስቀምጡት ከጎሳና ብሄር በላይ ነው፡፡ ለምሳሌ ያህል ጎሳ የሚባለው ‹‹አንድ አይነት አኗኗር፣ ስነ ልቦናዊ ሁኔታ፣ አለባበስ፣ ቋንቋ›› ውስጥ ከሚገኝ ‹‹ብሄር›› ከተባለው ማንነት በታች የሚገኝ ማንነት ነው፡፡ ሆኖም በርካቶች ዘርን ከጎሳና ከብሄር ጋር በማቀላቀል የቃሉን አውድ ሲያዛቡ ይስተዋላል፡፡ ፖለቲከኞች ዘር ሲሉ ምክንያቱን ስነ ህይወታዊ ምክንያት ይሰጡታል፡፡ እነ ሂትለር በጸጉር፣ በአይን ቀለም ጀርመናዊያንን ከሌሎቹ ሲያነጻጽሩ እንደነበሩት ማለት ነው፡፡ አሊያም ነጮቹ ራሳቸውን ከአፍሪካውያን፣ ከአረቦቹ አሊያም ከህንዶቹ ወይንም ከደቡብ አሜሪካውያን ጋር አነጻጽረው ልዩ እንደሚያደርጉት፡፡ ይህ ዘርን ከጎሳና ከብሄር ጋር የመቀላቀል አባዜ በኢትዮጵያም ከተለመደ ሰነባብቷል፡፡ በብሄር አሊያም በጎሳ የሚያምኑ የፖለቲካ ሀይሎችን የትኛውንም የፖለቲካ ጥበት ‹‹ዘረኝነት›› ብሎ መፈረጅ ለኢትዮጵያውያን አዲስ አይደለም፡፡ የኢህአዴግ መንግስት በሚያራምደው የብሄር ፖለረቲካ ‹‹በዘረኝነት›› ይወቀሳል፡፡ ሌሎችም ይህን የፖለቲካ ስልት በራሳቸው መልክ ይዘው ብቅ ሲሉ ‹‹የዘር ፖለቲካ›› ብለው የሚፈርጁት በርካቶች ናቸው፡፡ በአገራችን ከብሄርና ጎሳም ወረድ ሲልም ከእናት፣ አባትና ቤተሰብ የሚሳብን ዝምድና እና የ‹‹ደም›› ትስስር ለመግለጽ ‹‹ዘር›› ብሎ መጥራት የተለመደ ነው፡፡ ሆኖም ዘር፣ ዘረኝነት.. የሚባለው ፖለቲካዊ ፍች ከቤተሰባዊ ትስስር ይልቅ ‹‹race›› ከተባለው ጥቅል (ግን የተሳሳተ የፖለቲካ ፈጠራ) ማንነት የመጣ ነው፡፡ በእርግጥ ይህ በኢትዮጵያ ውስጥ የሰረጸው ጣሊያን ካደረሰችው ምስቅልቅል ጋር ተያይዞ እንደሆነ በርካቶች ይገልጻሉ፡፡ ጣሊያኖች ኢትዮጵያ ውስጥ በራሳቸው የሰለጠነ ልዩ ዘርና በኢትዮጵያ ኋላ ቀር ዘር መካከል ከፈጠሩት ንቀት አዘል ክፍፍል ባለፈ ኢትዮጵያውያንን በ‹‹ብሄርና ጎሳ›› ከፋፍለዋል፡፡ በመሆኑም ኢትዮጵያ ውስጥ የብሄር ፖለቲካ አዋጭ መሆኑን የሚያምኑት አካላትን ከጣሊያኑ ከፋፋይ ስርዓት ጋር በማዛመድ ‹‹ዘረኛ፣ ዘር፣ የዘር ፖለቲካ›› ብለው ይፈርጇቸዋል፡፡ ‹‹ዘር›› ፈጠራ መሆኑን ለጊዜው ረስተን ከአገራችን ህዝብ አኳያ ብንገመግመው ሰህተት መሆኑን እንረዳለን፡፡ ኢትዮጵያ ውስጥ ብሄር አሊያም ጎሳ የሚባለው የቋንቋ ልዩነት ሲጠቀስ በዘር መክፈልም ሆነ ጎሰኛ አሊያም ጠባብ ብሄርተኛን ‹‹ዘረኛ›› ማለት የተሳሳተ ነው፡፡ የሚገርመው ደግሞ ኢትዮጵያ ውስጥ ‹‹በየዘረኝነት›› ስም የሚያወግዙት አካላት ኢትዮጵያ በጠባብ ማንነት መከፋፈል የለባትም የሚሉ ናቸው፡፡ ሆኖም ‹‹ዘር፣ዘረኛ፣ ዘረኝነት ፖለቲካ›› አለ የሚሉ ከሆነ በአካልም ቢሆን እጅጉን የተለያየ ነን ወደሚል እጅግ የሚቃረንና የተሳሳተ አመለካከት ያደርሳቸዋል፡፡ በጸጉር፣ በአይን ቀለም፣ በቆዳ ቀለም፣ በቁመት እጅጉን የተለያየን ነን እንደማለት ነው፡፡ ይህ ግን ስህተት ነው፡፡ የስርዓቱን ከፋፋይነት ለመግለጽ ከተፈለገ እንኳ ከጠባብ ብሄርተኝነት፣ጎሰኝነትና ጎጠኝነት ያለፈ ስም ሊሰጠው አይችልም፡፡ ኢትዮጵያ ውስጥ አማራ፣ ትግሬ፣ ኦሮሞ፣ ብሎ በዓይን ቀለም፣ በጸጉር፣ በአፍንጫ፣ በቆዳ ቀለም፣ በቁመት፣ በቅርጽ….መለየት አይቻልም፡፡ አሊያም አማራ፣ ኦሮሞ፣ ትግሬ… የሚባለው ህዝብ ውስጥ ተመሳሳይ የዓይን ቀለም፣ የቆዳ ቀለም፣ የአፍንጫ ርዝማኔና ቅርጽ…..ብቻ አካላዊ ማንነት አይኖርም፡፡ እንደ ሁመራና መተማ ያሉ በርሃማ አካባቢዎች የሚኖረው ህዝብ በአለባበስ፣ በአመጋገብና በአካል ገጽታ ከደጋው ትግርኛና አማርኛ ተናጋሪ ህዝብ ይልቅ በቆላማው አካባቢ ከሚኖረው የአፋርና የሶማሊ አካባቢ ህዝብ ጋር ተመሳሳይ ነው፡፡ በደጋው አካባቢ የሚኖረው ኦሮምኛ፣ አፋርኛ፣ሶማሊኛ፣ ትግርኛ፣ አማርኛ…..ተናጋሪ ህዝብ ተመሳሳይ ቋንቋ ከሚናገው ቆለኛ ህዝብ ይልቅ ሌላ ቋንቋ ከሚናገረው ደገኛ ህዝብ ጋር ተመሳሳይ ገጽታ፣ የኑሮ ዘይቤ፣አለባበስ…..ያለው ነው፡፡ ዘር ከፖለቲካ ፈጠራው አልፎ የደም ጉዳይ ቢሆን ኖሮ ኦሮምኛ ተናጋሪው አንድ አይነት ደም፣ አማርኛ ተናጋሪው ከኦሮምኛ ተናጋሪው የተለየ ሌላ የደም አይነት በኖረው ነበር፡፡ በዓለም ደረጃም ቢሆን ተመሳሳይ ነው፡፡ ዘር የተሳሰተ የፖለቲካ ቀመር ነው፡፡ ይህን የተሳሳተ የፖለቲካ ቀመር እንጠቀም ካልም ደግሞ ‹‹ዘርን›› ካመጡት ‹‹ምሁራን›› ምድብ ልንወጣ አንችልም፡፡ ስለሆነም ኢትዮጵያውያንን የግድ በዚህ በተሳሳተ ቀመር እንክፈላቸው ከተባለ በጥቁር ማንነት ስር እኩል ከጋና፣ ከሞዛምቢክ፣ ከኬንያ፣ ከአንጎላ፣ ከጥቁር አሜሪካና ጃማይካኖቹ ጋር ይመደቡ ይሆናል እንጅ ሌላ ‹‹ዘር›› አይገኝላቸውም፡፡ እንዲያውም ጆሃን ብሉሜንባች የተባለው ጀርመናዊ ለመላው ጥቁር ህዝብ ‹‹ኢትዮጵያዊ›› የሚል ዘር ነው የሰጠው፡፡ ከዚህ ባለፈ ኢትዮጵያውያንን በቋንቋና ሌሎች ጥቃቅን መሰረቶች ‹‹ዘር›› ብሎ መፈረጅ ግን በጥላቻ ከተሞላው ጀርመናውይም በላይ እንድንሳሳት ያደርገናል፡፡ እናም በበኩሌ ፖለቲከኞቻችን ስለ ኢትዮጵያ ፖለቲካ ሲወራ ‹‹ዘር›› የምትባለዋ ቋንቋ የተሳሳተች መሆኗን ተረድታችሁ ባትጠቀሙባት ይሻላል እላለሁ፡፡ ካልሆነ ግን ኦሮምኛ፣ አማርኛ፣ ትግርኛ፣ ሶማሊኛ፣ አገውኛ፣ አርጎብኛ…..ተናጋሪው አንዱ ከሌላው በአይን ቀለሙ፣ በጸጉሩ፣……….እንደሚለይ መረጃ ልታቀርቡልን የግድ ነው፡፡ ዝም ብሎ መከፋፈል አለ እንዴ?<\/p>\n http:\/\/66.147.244.58\/~theethio\/harartub … %E1%8A%93\/<\/a><\/p>\n