{"id":128915,"date":"2013-11-18T04:47:00","date_gmt":"2013-11-18T09:47:00","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.mereja.com\/amharic\/?guid=787e063f40af2a74196310d0f12fd388"},"modified":"2013-11-18T04:47:00","modified_gmt":"2013-11-18T09:47:00","slug":"%e1%8a%a5%e1%88%a5%e1%88%a8%e1%8a%9b%e1%8b%8d-%e1%89%a3%e1%88%88-%e1%89%b3%e1%88%aa%e1%8a%ad","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/mereja.net\/amharic\/128915","title":{"rendered":"\u12a5\u1225\u1228\u129b\u12cd \u1263\u1208 \u1273\u122a\u12ad"},"content":{"rendered":"
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\u12f0\u1303\u12dd\u121b\u127d \u1283\u12ed\u1209 \u12e8\u1215\u12ed\u12c8\u1273\u1278\u12cd\u1295 \u134d\u133b\u121c \u12eb\u1233\u1208\u1349\u1275 \u130e\u1303\u121d \u121e\u1323 \u1290\u12cd\u1361\u1361 \u12a5\u12da\u12eb \u121d\u1293\u120d\u1263\u1275 \u12a5\u1235\u12a8 1810 \u12d3\u121d \u12a0\u12ab\u1263\u1262 \u12e8\u1246\u12e9 \u12ed\u1218\u1235\u120b\u120d\u1361\u1361 \u121e\u1323 \u12a5\u12eb\u1209 \u1273\u120b\u1241 \u12e8\u12cd\u130a\u12eb\u1293 \u12e8\u1273\u122a\u12ad \u1230\u12cd \u1273\u121d\u1218\u12cd \u121e\u1271\u1361\u1361 \u12c8\u1308\u1296\u127b\u1278\u12cd\u121d \u122c\u1233\u1278\u12cd\u1295 \u12ed\u12d8\u12cd \u122b\u1233\u1278\u12cd \u12c8\u12f3\u1220\u1229\u1275 \u12c8\u12f0 \u12a5\u1235\u1274 \u1218\u12ab\u1290 \u12a2\u12e8\u1231\u1235 \u1208\u1218\u1245\u1260\u122d \u1218\u1321\u1361\u1361 \u12d8\u1218\u1290\u129e\u1279 \u12e8\u122b\u1235 \u1309\u130d\u1223 \u1230\u12ce\u127d \u130d\u1295 \u122c\u1233\u12cd\u1295 \u12a0\u1293\u1233\u120d\u134d\u121d \u1265\u1208\u12cd \u12a5\u121d\u1262 \u12a0\u1209\u1361\u1361 \u1260\u12da\u1205 \u130a\u12dc \u120d\u1303\u1278\u12cd \u12c8\/\u122e \u121d\u122d\u132a\u1275 \u1361- <\/o:p><\/span><\/div>\n
\u12a5\u130d\u12da\u12a6 \u12a0\u1264\u1275 \u12a0\u1264\u1275<\/o:p><\/i><\/b><\/span><\/div>\n
\u12a5\u130d\u12da\u12a6 \u12a0\u1264\u1275 \u12a0\u1264\u1275<\/o:p><\/i><\/b><\/span><\/div>\n
\u12a0\u1348\u122d \u12ed\u1208\u121d\u1293\u120d \u12e8\u1200\u1308\u1229 \u1263\u1208\u1264\u1275\u1364 <\/i><\/b><\/o:p><\/span><\/div>\n
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<\/span><\/b>\u00a9<\/span><\/b> \u12ed\u1205 \u133d\u1211\u134d \u1260\u12a0\u12f2\u1235 \u1309\u12f3\u12ed \u1218\u133d\u1214\u1275 \u120b\u12ed \u12e8\u12c8\u1323 \u1290\u12cd<\/span><\/b><\/div>\n

<\/span><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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click here for pdf<\/a><\/span><\/div>\n
\nአንዳንዶች በድሎትና በምቾት ላይ ያገኙትን የሰላም ዘመን ምንም ሳይጠቀሙበት ‹ተወለዱ- ሞቱ› ተብለው ያልፋሉ፡፡ ሌሎች ደግሞ ስደታቸውን፣ እሥራቸውንና ግዞታቸውን፣ መከራቸውንና ሕመማቸውን የሀገርንና የወገንን ታሪክ ለመለወጥ፣ በሰው ልጅ ታሪክም ውስጥ ጉልሕ ቦታ ለመያዝ ሲጠቀሙበት ይታያሉ፡፡ እኛ ‹የመከራ በረከት› ፈረንጆች ‹<\/span>blessing in disguise<\/span>› የሚሉት ማለት ነው፡፡ ሰውን የሚጎዳው የደረሰበት ችግርና መከራ አይደለም፡፡ በዚያ ችግና መከራ ውስጥ ሆኖ የሚያየው ነገር ነው፡፡ ገነት ውስጥ ሆነው ሲዖልን ከሚያዩ ሰዎች ይልቅ ሲዖል ውስጥ ሆነው ገነትን የሚያዩ ሰዎች ይበልጣሉ፡፡ አንዳንዶች በመታመማቸው ምክንያት ታሪክ ሠርተዋል፡፡ አንዳንዶች በመታሠራቸው ምክንያት ታሪክ ሠርተዋል፤ አንዳንዶች በመሰደዳቸው ምክንያት ታሪክ ሠርተዋል፤ አንዳንዶችም በመቸገራቸው ምክንያት ታሪክ ሠርተዋል፡፡<\/span>\n<\/div>\n
ችግር ሁለት ነገሮችን ትወልዳለች፡፡ ጠቢባን ሲያዋልዷት ብልሃትን፣ ሞኞች ሲያዋልዷት ድህነትን፡፡ <\/p>\n

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ችግርን ቀምሰዋት፣ በጥበብም አዋልደዋት ብልሃትን እንድትወልድ ካደረጓት የሀገራችን ሰዎች አንዱ ደጃዝማች ኃይሉ እሸቴ ናቸው፡፡ ዘመነ መሳፍንት ተብሎ በሚጠራው የሀገራችን ዘመን አብዛኛውን ዘመናቸውን ያሳለፉት የአስተዳደር፣ የጦርና የቀለም ሰው ደጃዝማች ኃይሉ እሸቴ የተወለዱት በ1746 ዓም አካባቢ ጥር 12 ቀን ነው፡፡ አባታቸው ደጃዝማች እሸቴ እናታቸውም ወ\/ሮ ወለተ ራጉኤል ይባላሉ፡፡ <\/p>\n

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ደጃዝማች ኃይሉ በዘመኑ እንደነበሩት የኢትዮጵያ የመኳንንት ልጆች ፈረስ ግልቢያውንና አደኑን እየተማሩ፣ የቀለም ትምህርቱንም ጎን ለጎን እያስኬዱ አደጉ፡፡ በዚህ መካከል ግን መጋቢት 11 ቀን 1760 ዓም አባታቸው ደጃዝማች እሸቴ በጦርነት ላይ ሞቱባቸው፡፡ ያኔም እድሜያቸው ወደ አሥራ አራት ዓመት ያህል ሆኗቸው ነበር፡፡ ወላጅ እናታቸው በ1755 ዓም የሞቱባቸው ኃይሉ እንደገና የአባታቸው በልጅነታቸው መሞት ኀዘኑን አጸናባቸው፡፡<\/p>\n

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ዘመነ መሳፍንት ግም ግም ሲልና ከትግራይ የመጡት ራስ ሚካኤል ስሑል መንግሥቱን እየጠቀለሉት ሲመጡ፤ በጎንደር ከተማም በቋረኞቹና በኦሮሞዎቹ መካከል ንጉሡን ኢዮአስን ይዘው መንግሥቱን ለመቆናጠጥ የፖለቲካው ትግል ሲያይል፣ ኃይሉ እሸቴ የራስ ሚካኤል ስሑልን ልጅ ወለተ ተክለ ሃይማኖትን አግብተው የራስ ሚካኤልና የቋረኞቹ ደጋፊ መሆናቸውን አሳዩ፡፡ ራስ ሚካኤል ስሑል በጎንደር ቋረኞችን ይዘው ሥልጣን ሲያደላድሉ፣ ደጃች ልቦ እና ደጃች ፋሲል ከተባበሯቸው ከይልማና ዴንሳ፣ ከሜጫ፣ ከዳሞትና ከወሎ ተወላጆች ጋር ሆነው ሸፈቱ፡፡ የተወሰኑት ቋረኞችም ተከተሏቸው፡፡ ራስ ሚካኤልም አስገብራለሁ ብለው፣ ደጃዝማች ኃይሉም የአባታቸውን ሞት ለመበቀል አብረዋቸው ዘመቱ፡፡ የመጀመሪያውን የታወቀ ጀብዷቸውንም በዚህ ጦርነት ላይ አሳዩ፡፡ የዘመኑ ገጣሚም<\/p>\n

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ጎራዴማ ወትሮ እንዲመታ ዐውቃለሁ፣<\/p>\n

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እኔ ኃይሉን እንጂ አመሰግናለሁ፤ <\/i><\/b><\/p>\n

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ብሎ ገጠመላቸው፡፡ በዚህ ዓይነት ሁኔታ ደጃዝማች ኃይሉ ተፈሪነታቸውና ተሰሚነታቸው እየጨመረ፤ በግዛትም ላይ ግዛት እየተሾሙ ኖሩ፡፡ በተደጋጋሚ በየጦርነቱ ባሳዩት ጀብዱ እየተገጠመላቸው፣ ግዛትም እየተጨመረላቸው፤ የራስ ሚካኤል ስሑል ዘመን ሲያልፍም ከመጭዎቹ ኃያላን ጋር እየተስማሙ እስከ ዐፄ ተክለ ጊዮርጊስ ዘመን እየተወደዱና እየተሞገሱ ቀጥለው ነበር – ደጃዝማች ኃይሉ፡፡<\/p>\n

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በአንድ በኩል የዐፄ ተክለ ጊዮርጊስ ዘመን በ1771 ዓም ሲጀምር የደጃዝማች ኃይሉ የተወዳጅነትና የተከባሪነት ዘመን በሌላ በኩል ማዘቅዘቅ ጀመረ፡፡ በተክለ ጊዮርጊስና በሰሎሞን መካከል በቤተ መንግሥት የሥልጣን ሽኩቻ ተፈጠረ፡፡ በመጨረሻም ደጃች ክንፉ የሰሎሞንን ዋና ደጋፊ ራስ ኃይሉን ወግተው ንጉሥ ተክለ ጊዮርጊስን አነገሡ፡፡ በዚህ ጊዜ ደጃዝማች ኃይሉ የዘመነ መሳፍንት ሁከትና ውጊያ ሲሰለቻቸው ካልመጡብኝ አልሄድም ብለው ዐርፈው ተቀምጠው ነበር፡፡ ደጃች ክንፉ ራስ ኃይሉን ለመውጋት ሲዘምቱ ደጃዝማች ኃይሉ አብረዋቸው እንዲዘምቱ ልከውባቸው ነበር፡፡ ደጃዝማች ኃይሉ ግን ፈቃደኛ አልሆኑም፡፡ ይህም በአሸናፊዎቹ በእነ ደጃች ክንፉ ዘንድ ጥርስ አስነከሰባቸው፡፡<\/p>\n

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ከጦርነቱ በኋላ በንጉሥ ተክለ ጊዮርጊስና በደጃች ክንፉ ታዝዘው ደጃዝማች ኃይሉ ወደ ጎንደር መጡ፡፡ የጠበቃቸው ግን ጎጃም ቡሬ ላይ በቁም እሥር መቀመጥ ሆነ፡፡ እርሳቸውም ቡሬ ላይ ጥቂት ከቆዩ በኋላ ጠፍተው ሲሄዱ ደጃች ክንፉ ፈረሰኛ ልከው አቸፈር ላይ አስያዟቸውና በሠንሠለት ታሥረው ጎንደር ገቡ፡፡ እርሳቸው ታሥረው ጎንደር ሲገቡ የጎንደር ሕዝብ በእጅጉ ማዘኑን ታሪከ ነገሥቱ ይነግረናል፡፡ የዋልድባ መነኮሳትም ኃይሉን ለማስፈታት ምልጃ ገብተው ነበር፡፡ ንጉሡም ከዛሬ ነገ እፈታለሁ እያሉ ዝም ብለው አስቀመጧቸው፡፡<\/p>\n

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የጎንደሩ የቁም እሥር ያልተመቻቸው ደጃዝማች ኃይሉ በሌሊት ጠፍተው ማኅደረ ማርያም ገቡና የተማጽኖ ደወል መቱ፡፡ ኃይሉ በደኅናው ዘመን ከታላላቅ ገዳማትና አድባራት አባቶች ጋር በጎ ግንኙነት ነበራቸው፡፡ እርሳቸውም የዘመኑን ትምህርት የተማሩ ነበሩና በእነዚህ ታላላቅ አባቶች ዘንድ ተሰሚነት ነበራቸው፡፡ ደጃዝማች ኃይሉ በእቴጌ ማርያም ሥና በተደበረችው ማኅደረ ማርያም ለአራት ዓመት ከሦስት ወር ነበር በግዞት የተቀመጡት፡፡ በኢትዮጵያ ታሪክ በሰላሙ ዘመናቸው በጦርነትና በአስተዳደር ካበረከቱት አስተዋጽዖ ይልቅ ኃይሉን ሲያስጠራቸው የሚኖረው በዚህ በግዞትና በመከራ ዘመናቸው ለሀገራቸው የሠሩት ተመን የማይገኝለት ሥራቸው ነበር፡፡<\/p>\n

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ራስ ኃይሉ በማኅደረ ማርያም ሲቀመጡ ከሁካታውም ከጦርነቱም ጋብ አሉ፡፡ ሀገር ለሀገር ከመዞር ዐርፈው ወደ ልባቸው ተመለሱ፡፡ በደብሩ የሚከናወነው ጸሎትና ትምህርትም ጽሞናን ሰጣቸው፡፡ በዚያ ዘመን ማንም ሊታየው ያልቻለውን ዘመን ተሻጋሪ ራእይም አዩ፡፡ ሀገሪቱ በግራኝ አሕመድ ጊዜ ከገጠማት የርስ በርስ ጦርነት ወጥታ ወደ ሌላ የርስ በርስ ጦርነት ገብታለች፡፡ በጎንደር ከተማ የሚደረገው የሥልጣን ትግል ከምንም በላይ የጎዳው ሕዝቡንና የሕዝቡን ታሪክ ነው፡፡ በተለይም ደግሞ ለብዙ ዘመናት በየቤተ መንግሥቱ፣ በየገዳማቱና አድባራቱ የተከማቹ መዛግብት በጦርነቱ ምክንያት ይቃጠላሉ፤ ይቆነጻጸላሉ፡፡ ኃይሉ በንሥር ዓይናቸው ይህንን ነበር ያዩት፡፡<\/p>\n

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‹በሰንበት ላይ ደብረ ዘይት፣ በእራት ላይ ዳረጎት› እንዲሉ ኃይሉ ይህንን ሲያስቡ የሸዋው ተወላጅ ጽሕፈት ዐዋቂው አቤቶ አበጋዝ ወደ ማኅደረ ማርያም መጣ፡፡ ደጃዝማች ኃይሉ እሥርና ግዞቱን ወደ ታላቅ የጥናትና ምርምር ተቋምነት ቀየሩት፡፡ ከየገዳማቱና ከየሊቃውንቱ እየተላላኩ የታሪክ መዛግብትን እያስመጡ፣ እያመሳከሩና እየጠየቁ ስማቸውን እስከ ዓለም ፍጻሜ የሚያስጠራውን፣ ዛሬ በፓሪስ ቤተ መጻሕፍት በቁጥር 143 ተመዝግቦ የሚገኘውን፣ በአራት አዕማድ ተጽፎ፣ በ370 ገጽ በብራና የተዘጋጀውን ‹ታሪከ ነገሥት ዘደጃዝማች ኃይሉ እሸቴ› የተባለውን የኢትዮጵያ የታሪክ መጽሐፍ አዘጋጁ፡፡ ለሦስት ዓመታት ያህል መረጃዎችን ሲያሰባስቡ፣ መጻሕፍቱን ሲያመሳክሩ ቆይተው፣ ለአንድ ዓመት ያህል ተጽፎ በ1778 ዓም መስከረም ሰባት ቀን ተጠናቀቀ፡፡ <\/p>\n

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ደጃዝማች ኃይሉ ከማኅደረ ማርያም ግዞት በኋላ እንደ ጥንቱ ባይሆንም እየተሾሙ ለጥቂት ጊዜ ቆይተዋል፡፡ በተለይ በራስ ዓሊ ጊዜ  ስሜንንና በጌምድን እየተሾሙ በደስታ ኖረዋል፡፡ ራስ ዓሊ ሲሞቱ ግን ከቀጣዩ ባለ ሥልጣን ከራስ ወልደ ገብርኤል ጋር መስማማት ባለመቻላቸው በስደት ወደ ጎጃም ወደ ራስ መርእድ ዘንድ ሄዱ፡፡ በዚያ ሆነው ወደ ሀገራቸው የሚመለሱበትን ዘመን ሲናፍቁ መርዕድና ወልደ ገብርኤል ሐምሌ 15 ቀን 1791 ዓም ባደረጉት ውጊያ ሁለቱም ራሶች ሲወድቁ የድሉ ሚዛን ወደ ራስ ወልደ ገብርኤል ሰዎች ዞረ፡፡ደጃዝማች ኃይሉም ወደ ርስቴ እመለሳለሁ የሚለው ተስፋቸው ተቆረጠ፡፡<\/p>\n

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ደጃዝማች ኃይሉ የሕይወታቸውን ፍጻሜ ያሳለፉት ጎጃም ሞጣ ነው፡፡ እዚያ ምናልባት እስከ 1810 ዓም አካባቢ የቆዩ ይመስላል፡፡ ሞጣ እያሉ ታላቁ የውጊያና የታሪክ ሰው ታምመው ሞቱ፡፡ ወገኖቻቸውም ሬሳቸውን ይዘው ራሳቸው ወዳሠሩት ወደ እስቴ መካነ ኢየሱስ ለመቅበር መጡ፡፡ ዘመነኞቹ የራስ ጉግሣ ሰዎች ግን ሬሳውን አናሳልፍም ብለው እምቢ አሉ፡፡ በዚህ ጊዜ ልጃቸው ወ\/ሮ ምርጪት ፡- <\/p>\n

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እግዚኦ አቤት አቤት<\/p>\n

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እግዚኦ አቤት አቤት<\/p>\n

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አፈር ይለምናል የሀገሩ ባለቤት፤ <\/i><\/b><\/p>\n

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\nብለው ወደ ራስ ጉግሣ ደብዳቤ ጻፉ፡፡ ራስ ጉግሣም ነግ በእኔ ብለው ፈቅደው የታላቁ የውጊያና የታሪክ ሰው የደጃዝማች ኃይሉ መጨረሻ በእስቴ መካነ ኢየሱስ ተፈጸመ፡፡ በክፉ ዘመን ሰብስበው በማጻፍ ለዘመናችን ያበረከቱልን ታሪከ ነገሥት ግን ዘመንን እየተሻገረ እስከ ዘመናችን ዘልቋል፡፡ ለነገም ይኖራል፡፡ በችግራቸው የሚቆዝሙ፣ በመከራቸው የሚተክዙ፤ ከግንብ ባሻገር ብርሃንን ለማየት ያልታደሉ ሰዎችንም ይወቅሳል፡፡ እኛም ዜናውን ከታሪከ ነገሥታቸውና ተክለ ጻድቅ መኩሪያ ከጻፉላቸው አጭር ታሪክ አግኝተነዋል፡፡<\/span>

<\/span><\/b>©<\/span><\/b> ይህ ጽሑፍ በአዲስ ጉዳይ መጽሔት ላይ የወጣ ነው<\/span><\/b>\n<\/div>\n

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